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Biomedical subjects

M A Delucchi

Publications and source records attributed to M A Delucchi.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

The use of oral hydration in the treatment of children with acute diarrhea in primary care.

The use of oral rehydration solutions (ORSs) for treating children with diarrhea is spreading in hospitals in Chile, but it has not yet been incorporated into routine primary care programs. We sequentially compared the effectiveness of an ORS, with 60 mmol/L of Na+, with the standard treatment for diarrhea used in primary care centers, in a study with 285 diarrheal children under 2 years of age who consulted a health center in a low-income periurban neighborhood of Santiago. When compared with the control group, the patients treated with ORS showed a significantly higher percentage weight gain in the first few days after treatment was begun, required fewer medical visits for follow-up treatment at other facilities (8.4 vs. 15.5%; p less than 0.05), and experienced fewer episodes of subsequent clinical dehydration that needed rehydration (oral or intravenous) in emergency services (2.8 vs. 10.6%; p less than 0.01). In addition, there were no metabolic complications in either group. Our results reinforce the feasibility, efficaciousness, and safety of programs that use ORS at the primary care level and indicate that this is an effective method of preventing metabolic complications and reducing hospitalizations of children with acute diarrhea.

Chile↗
PubMed1988

Intestinal leiomyosarcoma in childhood: report of two cases.

Two girls, 5 and 8 years old, with a leiomyosarcoma of the rectosigmoid and ileum, respectively, were treated at Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna. In each case, a segmental resection with primary anastomosis was done. After the initial surgery, neither girl has received further treatment for the tumor. To date the two patients remain clinically well and apparently tumor free.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic hemodialysis in children].

The clinical features of eight patients, four females, aged 4 to 15 years under chronic hemodialysis for terminal renal failure (creatinine clearance 10 ml.min.1,73 m2 or less) are reported. Initial diseases were Alport syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic glomerulonephritis (n = 2), bilateral polycystic kidney, prune belly syndrome and reflux nephropathy (n = 2). Distal vascular approach by means of arteriovenous fistulas was preferred for these patients and the kinetic urea model was used to evaluate the performance of the procedure. Patients required nine to twelve hours of hemodialysis per week for optimal results. Mean weight decreases of 1 to 3 kg and reductions in blood urea nitrogen and serum potassium of 40 mg.dl and 2,5 mEq.1, respectively, were observed. The main complications of hemodialysis were the disequilibrium syndrome, infections at the site of insertion of the arteriovenous fistulae and congestive heart failure. Three patients were submitted to renal transplantation with live donors homografts: one died and the other two remain alive but under chronic hemodialysis. Five children are attending school regularly, and two of them are waiting a kidney donor for transplantation. Despite encouraging results chronic hemodialysis in children constitutes only primary supportive therapy prior to renal transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Idiopathic hypercalciuria. Differential diagnosis].

In 50 children with hematuria or urolithiasis and idiopathic hypercalciuria, and in 15 control children, urinary calcium/creatinine concentration rates were measured after fasting and after calcium loading. Patients were classified into two groups depending on the results of an orally administered calcium loading test. Children were considered to have absorptive hypercalciuria (42%) when they had low fasting urinary calcium/creatinine concentration ratio (less than 0.21), and a large increase of this index after calcium administration (greater than 0.28). Patients were labeled as renal hypercalciuria (32%) if they had high fasting urinary calcium/creatinine concentration ratio (greater than 0.21), and variable increases of it after calcium overload. A third group of children (26%), were not classifiable by means of this test. Our data support the contention that this simple ambulatory test is very useful in the diagnostic workup of idiopathic hypercalciuria.

Calcium↗