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M A Faris

Publications and source records attributed to M A Faris.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Treatment and prophylaxis of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex in HIV-infected individuals.

OBJECTIVE: To review the pathophysiology, epidemiology, treatment, and prophylaxis of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in HIV-infected individuals. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE (January 1966-July 1997) and AIDSLINE (January 1980-July 1997) search of basic science articles pertinent to the MAC infection in HIV-infected patients. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles were considered for possible inclusion in the review. Pertinent information, as judged by the authors, was selected for discussion. DATA SYNTHESIS: The organism, epidemiology, and pathophysiology of disseminated MAC are discussed for background. A review of clinical trials for the treatment and prophylaxis of disseminated MAC are presented, along with unresolved issues concerning these topics. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of disseminated MAC has increased dramatically with the AIDS epidemic. The infection can lead to increased morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients. Treatment regimens for patients with a positive culture for MAC from a sterile site should include two or more drugs, including clarithromycin. Prophylaxis against disseminated MAC should be considered for patients with a CD4 cell count of less than 50/mm3.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1986

Pathways of Nitrogen Metabolism in Nodules of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

Exposure of intact alfalfa nodules to (15)N(2) showed that in bacteroids the greatest flow of (15)N was to NH(3). Label was also detected in glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and asparagine (Glu, Asp and Asn), but at far lower levels. In the host plant cytosols, more (15)N was incorporated into Asn than into other compounds. Detached nodules were also used to study the metabolic pathway of N assimilation after exposure to (15)N(2) or vacuum infiltration with ((15)NH(4))(2)SO(4) in the presence or absence of different inhibitors of nitrogen assimilation: methionine sulfoximine (MSO), azaserine (AZA), or amino-oxyacetate (AOA). Treatment with MSO, an inhibitor of glutamine synthetase (GS), inhibited the flow of the label to glutamine (Gln)-amide, resulting in subsequently decreased label in Asnamide. Aza, which inhibits the formation of Glu from Gln by glutamate synthase (GOGAT), enhanced the labeling of the amide groups of both Gln and Asn, while that of Asn-amino decreased. When AOA was used to block the transamination reaction very little label was found in Asp and Asn-amino. The results are consistent with the role of GS/GOGAT in the cytosol for the assimilation of NH(3) produced by N(2) fixation in the bacteroids of alfalfa nodules. Asn, a major nitrogen transport compound in alfalfa, is mainly synthesized by a Gln-dependent amidation of Asp, according to feeding experiments using the (15)N-labeled amide group of glutamine. Data from (15)NH(4) (+) feeding support some direct amidation of Asp to form Asn.

Journal Article↗