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Biomedical subjects

M A Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to M A Friedman.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Therapy of liver tumors metastatic from colorectal cancer with whole-liver radiation combined with 5-FU, adriamycin, and methotrexate.

Twenty-seven patients with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer were treated with intrahepatic arterial chemotherapy and external radiotherapy consisting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (10 mg/kg/day for 8 days), adriamycin (5 mg/m2/day for 7 days) and methotrexate (MTX) (240 mg/m2/X1), combined with 2,100 rads of whole liver irradiation. Twenty of these patients (74%) had previously received systemic chemotherapy. Of the 21 patients who could be fully evaluated, seven (33%) had an objective partial response and another 10 (48%) had stable disease following treatment. The median duration of survival for all patients after initiation of treatment was 6.5 months. Those patients responding to therapy survived longer (12.7 months) than those who had stable disease (5.5 months) or disease progression (2.5 months). The response rate was not affected by previous chemotherapy. Additionally, of the 14 patients with symptoms related to the disease, nine (64%) experienced substantial relief of these symptoms. Toxicity with the therapy used in this study was generally moderate. The median nadiR WBC was 3,500 cells/mm3; the median nadir platelet count, 121,000 cells/mm3. There was, however, one treatment-associated fatality from sepsis in a patient whose WBC was 900 cells/mm3.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Dynamic CT of hepatic masses with intravenous and intraarterial contrast material.

Seven patients with primary and metastatic hepatic tumors had dynamic computed tomographic scans obtained after an intravenous and an intrahepatic arterial bolus of contrast media. Four patients had hepatoma and three had hepatic metastasis from either a colonic, pancreatic, or leiomyosarcoma primary malignancy. Computed tomography was also performed after an intravenous drip infusion of contrast material. Time-density curves of the hepatic lesions after contrast administration were analyzed and compared. The results demonstrated that: (1) intrahepatic arterial delivery of contrast fluid resulted in the greatest contrast enhancement of lesions and detected more lesions than the intravenous bolus technique, which was superior to the drip infusion technique; (2) no consistent difference in the pattern of contrast enhancement was found between various hepatic lesions; (3) within multiple lesions of similar pathology in any one liver, a spectrum of contrast enhancement pattern was found; and (4) changes in contrast enhancement occurred rapidly and lesions changed from hypodense to isodense to hyperdense to isodense within 30--45 sec.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1982

Sequential combination of bleomycin and mitomycin in advanced cervical cancer--an American experience: a Northern California Oncology Group study.

Eighteen evaluable patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix were treated with a sequential combination of bleomycin and mitomycin. We observed no complete responses and only four partial responses (22% response frequency). The median duration of response was only 3.4 months, and the median survival time for the partial responders was 8.5 months versus 4.0 months for the nonresponders. Three cases of bleomycin pulmonary toxicity were reported, two of a severe grade. It appears that this combination is of limited effectiveness and is inferior to other combinations.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1982

Hepatomas: hormone receptors and therapy.

Prompted by studies that suggested a causal relationship between sex steroids and human liver cancer, we assayed specimens of hepatoma from five patients and adjacent liver tissue from three of the same patients for estrogen receptors. After finding that the assay material contained specific cytosolic receptor proteins for estradiol, we treated a second group of five patients who had hepatomas with progestin. This therapy resulted in tumor regression in two of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Abscess formation in recurrent liposarcomas of the abdomen and retroperitoneum: relevance to treatment.

Stimulated by the unexpected finding of gross abscesses in two cases of abdominal liposarcoma, we initiated a retrospective study to determine the incidence of this finding. Sixteen patients were analyzed, and correlations were made between histologic features and clinical course. Microscopic or macroscopic evidence of abscess was present in four cases. There appears to be an association between tumor necrosis or abscess and tumors with prognostically poor histology (e.g., pleomorphic tumors). Clinicians who treat patients with these tumors should be aware of the substantial risk of abscess and modify their therapy accordingly.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Meningeal carcinomatosis in breast cancer presenting as central hypoventilation: a case report with a brief review of the literature.

Meningeal carcinomatosis can appear with a variety of neurologic signs and symptoms. Alterations in respiratory control have not been reported in this syndrome or in neurologic syndromes associated with systemic cancer. The authors report on a case of documented leptomeningeal carcinoma from breast cancer presenting as apnea; they note its successful treatment with radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy. The authors conclude that respiratory failure can be considered as part of the syndrome of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Estrogen receptors in male breast cancer: clinical and pathologic correlations.

Breast cancer tissue from 12 male patients was evaluated for the presence of estrogen receptors (ER), and at least 10 of 12 were found to be high in ER (ER+). A combination of previously published cases and our own experience indicates that 80% of patients (37/47) have ER+ tumors. This incidence of ER positivity in men is greater than that in women with breast cancer. Clinical responses to hormonal therapy have been observed in the ER+ patients but not in one ER--patient. Measurement of ER may be clinically important in men with breast cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1981

Hormone receptors in renal cell carcinoma. Their utility as predictors of response to endocrine therapy.

We have performed 23 estrogen and 24 progesterone receptor assays on tumor specimens from 26 patients with renal cancer, ten of whom subsequently received hormonal therapy for metastatic disease. Only one of these specimens contained measurable estrogen receptor levels, three contained low, but measurable progesterone receptor levels, and the remaining specimens contained no measurable estrogen or progesterone receptors. None of ten patients with metastases showed evidence of an objective response to hormonal therapy. Our data suggest that few, if any, renal cancers have high titers of estrogen or progesterone receptors, and that those patients whose tumors have low receptor titers are unlikely to respond to hormonal therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetics of methotrexate administered via the hepatic artery.

The pharmacokinetics of moderate doses of methotrexate administered via the hepatic artery were studied in ten patients with cancer metastatic to the liver. Intra-arterial methotrexate showed two-compartment characteristics with a clearance of 79 ml/min/m2 and an apparent volume of distribution of 21.2 l/m2 body surface area. The average half-life of the early phase was 1.9 h and the terminal half-life was 14.4 h. The data were not different from those observed in similar patients after IV administration of equivalent doses of methotrexate.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Determination of liver, kidney, and spleen volumes by computed tomography: an experimental study in dogs.

The volume of the dog's liver, kidneys, and spleen were measured by computed tomography (CT) and a water displacement method. Organ volume determination by CT is a rapid, simple procedure that is accurate to +/- 5% of the organ volume measured by water displacement. Individual measurements were reproducible to within +/- 3%. Determination of organ volume has potential importance in a variety of clinical situations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Volumetric CT analysis of hepatic tumors.

Current methods of measuring hepatic volume and the percent of hepatic parenchyma replaced by tumor are crude, yet clinical decisions are often based on these imprecise measurements. We describe a new computed tomographic (CT) assisted volume calculatory program to accurately assess hepatic volume and a new computer program to discriminate tumor from normal liver and thus provide tumor volume measurements. The potential usefulness of these techniques is illustrated by an analysis of pre- and post-therapy CT scans and calculation of changes in hepatic volume and in the volume of hepatic tumor. Analysis revealed small changes in liver volume could be accompanied by substantial changes in tumor volume and vice versa. We conclude (a) quantitative CT techniques allow for rapid, reproducible measurements of liver and tumor volume, and (b) small changes in organ volume may be accompanied by substantial changes in tumor volume.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Successful therapy of an ACTH-producing gastric carcinoid APUD tumor: report of a case and review of the literature.

A case of a patient with a metastatic ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone)-producing gastric carcinoid APUD (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) tumor is presented. The patient presented with Cushing's syndrome and very high levels of ACTH. The Cushing's syndrome was controlled medically, and when the patient deteriorated clinically she received treatment with a combination of BCNU, adriamycin, and ftorafur. She responded dramatically with marked clinical improvement and normalization of plasma ACTH levels. The current status of the APUD cell concept is discussed, with its overall implications for treatment of this group of malignancies.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗