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Biomedical subjects

M A Gonzalo

Publications and source records attributed to M A Gonzalo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Epidemiology of urticaria in Spain.

BACKGROUND: In spite of the frequency of chronic urticaria there are very few epidemiological studies of its prevalence and distribution. OBJECTIVE: We wanted to approach the real prevalence of chronic urticaria in a population-based study and to depict demographic distribution and personal perception of the disease. We also wanted to describe the frequency of acute urticaria episodes in the population studied. METHODS: We conducted a population-based study among adults in Spain. We questioned 5003 individuals after calculating a sample size for a maximum variability (conservative approach p=q=0.5). RESULTS: We found a 0.6% (95% CI: 0.4-0.8) prevalence of chronic urticaria. The prevalence is significantly higher in women than in men with a OR=3.82 (95%CI 1.56-9.37). Chronic urticaria is a self-limited disease, yet in 8.7% of cases chronic urticaria lasts from one to 5 years and in 11.3%, for more than 5 years. The average age of onset is 40 years. CONCLUSIONS: We offer large epidemiology study data on the prevalence of chronic urticaria. The prevalence of chronic urticaria has not yet been defined in an adult population-based study. With this work we offer such data to describe the prevalence and features of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Use of a long-acting gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue in a postmenopausal woman with hyperandrogenism due to a hilus cell tumour.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to prove the utility of GnRH analogues for the suppression of androgen secretion in a postmenopausal woman with a suspected virilizing ovarian tumour. DESIGN AND METHODS: We present a case of a 72-year-old woman with virilization of recent onset. Hormonal studies revealed a fourfold increase in serum testosterone levels, normal dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations and high levels of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels. Computed axial tomography scan of the ovaries was normal and the adrenal glands showed a discrete enlargement. The long-acting GnRH analogue, triptorelin, was injected initially (3.75mg i.m.) and serum hormone levels were measured weekly throughout one month. RESULTS: GnRH produced a decrease in serum testosterone levels to normal values, in parallel with the suppression of serum LH and FSH concentrations. The patient was treated for three months with triptorelin and she experienced an amelioration of the hyperandrogenic symptoms. In order to achieve a diagnosis, the patient was submitted to a laparotomy that revealed a small hilus cell tumour in the left ovary. CONCLUSION: GnRH analogues may offer a good therapeutic option in some states of gonadotrophin-dependent hyperandrogenism of ovarian origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness in normal and overweight hyperthyroid women.

OBJECTIVE: Inter-relationships between insulin sensitivity and body weight in patients with hyperthyroidism remain incompletely understood. We have examined whether a mild excess of body weight exacerbates the metabolic abnormalities of spontaneous hyperthyroidism. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed on 14 hyperthyroid women with body mass indices (BMI) ranging from 21 to 31 kg/m2. A control group of 19 healthy women matched for age and BMI was also studied. MEASUREMENTS: Intravenous glucose tolerance (KG), first and second-phase integrated insulin responses to glucose, the integrated glucose area under the curve (AUC), and minimal model parameters of insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose effectiveness (SG) were determined. RESULTS: Hyperthyroid women had mean KG, glucose-induced insulin secretion and SG values similar to those in control women. The mean glucose AUC was higher in hyperthyroid patients (P < 0.05). Lower insulin sensitivity was observed in hyperthyroid patients than in control women (SI = 0.38 +/- 0.07 vs 0.59 +/- 0.07 l/min pmol 10(4) (mean +/- SEM), P < 0.05). A steeper decline in insulin sensitivity with increase in body mass index was found in hyperthyroid women when compared with the control group, after adjusting for age. When groups were compared according to their BMI, hyperthyroid women with normal weight (BMI < or = 25 kg/m2, n = 8) had mean KG, insulin response to glucose, glucose AUC, SG and SI values similar to those in normal weight control women (n = 11). Overweight hyperthyroid patients (BMI > 25 kg/m2, n = 6) had a higher (P < 0.05) second-phase insulin response to glucose than normal weight patients, a higher glucose AUC (P < 0.05) than normal weight patients and overweight controls (n = 8), and a lower SI (P < 0.05) than normal weight patients and overweight controls. SG was not influenced by BMI in hyperthyroid patients. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that overall glucose tolerance was not significantly affected in normal weight hyperthyroid women. However, when a moderate excess of weight is also present, a state of clear insulin resistance occurs.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Multiple cutaneous sensitization to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The use of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is widespread (particularly in countries bordering the Mediterranean). Compared to their wide use, the incidence of published adverse cutaneous effects appears minimal, although they are increasing. Most of them are a form of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Multiple sensitization and/or cross-reactions are rarely reported. Interestingly, our patient presented ACD with diclofenac and etofenamate (both from different chemical groups) and, furthermore, patch tests were positive with bencydamine and indomethacin (both indolacetic acid derivatives), piroxicam and fepradinol. We think that our results could not be explained due to cross-reactivity, and that multiple sensitization was more likely.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Nutrition and mental function in the elderly].

A deterioration in cognitive functions is characteristic of the ageing process and is one of the principle causes for disability in old age. It is possible that some of the neuropsychiatric alterations associated with old age may be due to certain subclinical vitamin deficiencies and, as such, may be corrected in some cases with adequate nutrition. This article presents a broad review of the various research efforts published on the subject.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Different HCl and pepsinogen I secretion patterns in anatomically defined gastric ulcer subsets.

Anatomically, functionally, and clinically, peptic ulcer patients are a heterogeneous group of subjects. These patients can be classified according to the anatomic localization of the niche. The functional state of the gastric mucosa was studied in 30 gastric ulcer patients, 25 duodenal ulcer patients, and 10 normal controls. The classification of the first group was based on Johnson's criteria, with the following results: 10 individuals were type I, 10 were type II, and 10 were type III. Pepsinogen I levels and gastric acid secretion were measured in all 65 subjects under basal conditions and after subcutaneous pentagastrin stimulation. Both basal and stimulated serum pepsinogen I values were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in gastric ulcer type III patients than in the other four groups. These values in gastric ulcer type I were similar to those of the controls. Gastric ulcer type II patients showed an intermediate functional state similar to that of duodenal ulcer patients. In both gastric ulcer type II and duodenal ulcer patients, the basal and stimulated pepsinogen I levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than those found in controls, whereas the basal serum gastrin levels were similar in the five groups. In conclusion, different HCl and pepsinogen I secretory patterns, with functional heterogenicity of the gastric mucosa, are shown here for the anatomically defined gastric ulcer subsets.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Study of the secretion of pepsinogen I in cirrhotic humans with and without portacaval shunt.

Thirty-nine subjects have been studied: 14 with hepatic cirrhosis who had not been subjected to surgery, 13 cirrhotic patients in whom portacaval shunt had been performed, and 12 normal controls. In all of them, we performed serum determinations of pepsinogen I, both basal and after pentagastrin stimulation, and of basal gastrin levels, as well as analyses of basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion (basal acid output and maximal acid output). The values for pepsinogen I, basal or post-stimulation, were higher (p less than 0.001) in patients with cirrhosis who had not undergone surgical shunt than in those in the control group. However, there were no statistically significant differences when these two groups were compared with the patients who had been subjected to portacaval shunt. In this last group of patients, seven had levels similar to those of the controls, and six presented higher values. Likewise, the values for gastric acid secretion were similar in the three groups of patients, and the basal gastrin level was lower (p less than 0.001) among patients with liver cirrhosis, whether or not they had undergone surgery, than among the control population. In conclusion, the functional alterations of the gastric mucosa in patients with hepatic cirrhosis are not significantly different from those found in cirrhotic patients with portacaval shunt.

Adult↗