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M A Gougerot

Publications and source records attributed to M A Gougerot.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Five leucocyte labelling techniques: a comparative in-vitro study.

During the past years, several authors have used labelled leucocytes to detect inflammatory foci. However, before routine use in man. It is necessary to control the viability of labelled cells. Five leucocyte labelling techniques (111In-oxine, 111In-oxine without extraction, 99mTc oxine, pyrophosphate 99mTc, 51Cr) were compared using the same separation methods, conservation medium, viability assays and migration studies. Electron microscopic studies allowed the assessment of cellular damage induced by the labelling techniques as well as the calculation of the percentage of cells disrupted during preparation. Results obtained in vitro using 111In-oxine were not satisfactory and in fact appeared contradictory to those published by the authors using this technique in vivo. Even the best method, pyrophosphate 99mTc labelling, was not completely atoxic, but the functional behaviour of the leucocytes did not seem affected. While in vitro studies offer much information concerning labelled cells, they cannot predict the in vivo behaviour of these cells.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1979

Metabolic activity of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes: relation to ingestion rate.

The ingestion rate and oxygen-dependent metabolic activities of normal human polymorphonuclear leucocytes were measured with heat-killed Klebsiella as the particle. Since the experimental conditions were similar for each measurement, it was possible to make direct correlations between each oxygen-dependent reaction and (1) ingestion rate and (2) the other oxygen-dependent reactions. In the controls, oxygen-uptake was more reliably correlated (r = 0.960) with ingestion rates than with (in order of reliability) hydrogen peroxide produced (r = 0.860) and iodination (r = 0.858 and 0.813 for 100 and 20 micromol/l iodide respectively). Hydrogen peroxide production (r = 0.988), nitroblue tetrazolium reduction (r = 0.969) and cytochrome c reduction (r = 0.862) were more reliably correlated to oxygen-uptake than to ingestion rate, and iodination was better related to hydrogen peroxide production (r = 0.90 and 0.819 for 100 and 20 micromol/l iodide respectively) than to ingestion rate. From these findings it was possible to locate primary defects in abnormal polymorphonuclear leucocytes from individual patients with pyogenic infections, idiopathic refractory anaemia or idiopathic oesteomyelofibrosis with splenomegaly, even when several deficiencies existed.

Anemia↗
PubMed1977

Blood polymorphonuclear dysfunction in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.

Polymorphonuclear leucocyte function was investigated in twenty patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and three patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. Bacterial ingestion, oxygen-dependent bactericidal capacity, and chemotactic response were measured. Serum dependent abnormalities were common; they included deficiencies of ingestion and of all subsequent oxygen-dependent metabolic events (three patients), all oxygen-dependent metabolic events (one patient), cytochrome c reduction and iodination deficiencies (six patients), isolated cytochrome c reduction deficiency (ten patients), and chemotactic deficiencies (fourteen out of eighteen patients). Serum-independent abnormalities were much less common; they included increased ingestion rate (four patients), decreased stimulated reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (three patients), and decreased myeloperoxidase content (eight patients). Polymorphonuclear leucocyte abnormalities are frequent in cirrhosis and may account in part for increased susceptibility to infection in that disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Lymphocyte macrophage activation factor. Comparison of the mode of production in man and mice].

A macrophage activating factor (MAF) has been previously described in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) between the donor and the recipient of a mouse skin allograft. This factor can render macrophages cytotoxic against mouse mastocytoma targert cells. The present work demonstrates the production of a similar factor in the human, using macrophages from uremic patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. There is, however, an apparent difference between mouse and human MAF. In the mouse the production of MAF in primary MLC is inconsistent, late and weak, while it is regularly found in large amounts in MLC between a donor and a recipient of a skin allograft. Conversely, in the human, MAF is consistently found in primary MLC as well as in MLC between two individuals previously sensitized to each other by a skin allograft followed by repeated white blood cell injections.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Demonstration of a human lymphokine which renders macrophages cytotoxic.

Incubation of human peritoneal macrophages with cell free supernatants of mixed human lymphocyte cultures (MLC) renders them cytotoxic to labelled target tumour cells. The factor responsible for this effect is found as early as the second day of MLC. The production of this factor in man does not seem to require previous sensitization. In contrast with observations in mice, we have not yet demonstrated in man any clear-cut difference between the macrophage cytotoxicity index observed with supernatants from normal MLC and from MLC between the donor and the recipient of a skin allograft. Human blood monocytes can also be rendered cytotoxic by MLC acellular supernatants, but their cytotoxicity is neither as consistent nor as strong as with macrophages. This human factor does not render mouse macrophages cytotoxic.

Animals↗