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Biomedical subjects

M A Korsten

Publications and source records attributed to M A Korsten.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Effect of intravenous ethanol on pancreatic secretion in the conscious rat.

To study whether the secretory state of the in vivo pancreas affects its response to ethanol, we administered ethanol intravenously to conscious rats in the presence and absence of exogenous secretin. In the absence of secretin when pancreatic secretion was maintained at basal levels, intravenous ethanol produced a significant stimulation of the flow rate, bicarbonate concentration, and protein concentration. This response persisted despite elimination of gastric acid production by infusion of the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine. In contrast, intravenous ethanol inhibited the flow rate and bicarbonate concentration when pancreatic secretion was augmented by the infusion of GIH secretin. Thus, the rat pancreas responds differently to intravenous ethanol in the basal and secretin-stimulated states. These results may account for the lack of agreement regarding the pancreatic effects of systemic ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Fixed corkscrew pattern of the esophagus.

The radiographic, manometric and endoscopic evaluation of an alcoholic patient with dysphagia, a mid esophageal diverticulum and "corkscrewing" of the distal esophagus is reported. The patient displayed a constant deformity of the distal esophagus which was associated with progressive but abnormally high amplitude peristaltic waves. There was no manometric evidence of esophageal spasm. These findings indicate that manometric evidence of tertiary contractions may be absent in some patients with a corkscrew esophagus and that this abnormal configuration may become fixed.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1980

Necrotizing amebic colitis with pseudomembrane formation.

We report a case of necrotizing amebic colitis with the sigmoidoscopic finding of a confluent, grayish pseudomembrane. The patient was referred from a chronic mental institution, which represents the patient population most susceptible to fulminant amebic dysentery in the United States. The pseudomembrane was a reflection of extensive mucosal necrosis and resolved with amebicidal therapy.

Colon↗
PubMed1979

Nutrition in the alcoholic.

Effective management of nutritional problems in the alcoholic patient requires that the clinician understand the complex interaction of alcohol and nutrition. Nutritional deficiencies should be prevented and, if present, corrected. However, experimental, clinical, and epidemiological evidence indicates that despite adequate diets, ethanol has direct toxic effects on the digestion, absorption and activation of foodstuff. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that even in well nourished populations relatively small amounts of alcohol may have cirrhogenic potential. For these reasons, the overall approach to the management of the alcoholic must involve the control of alcohol intake as well as the prevention and correction of nutritional disturbances.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

Alcohol-induced gastric and duodenal lesions in man.

To determine the effect of an acute dose of ethanol on the stomach and duodenum, seven alcoholic subjects with previously normal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were reevaluated with endoscopy and directed biopsy three hours after the oral ingestion of ethanol (1 gm./kg. body weight) as a 35 gm./100 ml. solution. After ingestion of alcohol, all seven subjects had moderate to severe antral erythema and friability and two had patchy erosions and hemorrhage in the antrum and fundus of the stomach. Five of seven subjects had changes in the duodenal bulb consisting of erythema similar to that in the antrum of the stomach. Microscopically after alcohol, four of seven demonstrated focal subepithelial hemorrhage and another had frank mucosal hemorrhage in the antrum. In the duodenal bulb, four of seven subjects demonstrated focal subepithelial hemorrhage in the tips of bulbar villi and four of seven had striking infiltration of eosinophils in the subepithelial stroma. These histologic alterations were not present in prealcohol biopsies or in biopsies in two additional subjects given club soda alone or beef bouillon, or in repeat biopsies in two subjects re-endoscoped three days after the ingestion of alcohol when the endoscopic findings were again normal. It is concluded that a single dose of alcohol consistently causes macroscopic and microscopic antral and duodenal alterations.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Acute suppurative cholangitis secondary to calcific pancreatitis.

In the absence of calculi or carcinoma, the occurrence of acute suppurative cholangitis secondary to calcific pancreatitis is extremely rare. This report describes the successful management of acute suppurative cholangitis by surgical decompression and use of a new aminoglycoside, amikacin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

High blood acetaldehyde levels after ethanol administration. Difference between alcoholic and nonalcoholic subjects.

Blood actaldehyde and ethanol levels were measured in 11 subjects, six with chronic alcholoism and five nonalcholic controls, after alcohol had been given intravenously. Despite a progressive fall in blood ethanol over a range of 54 to 33 mM/acetaldehyde did not decrease in any of the 11 subjects. The mean acetaldehyde plateau level was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher in alcoholic (42.7 plus or minus 1.2 mum) than in nonalcoholic (26.5 plus or minus 1.5 mum) subjects. When the mean blood ethanol concentration reached 24 mM,the acetaldehyde plateau ended abruptly in each subject. The ethanol concentration at which this fall of blood acetaldehyde occurred suggests desaturation of an ethanol oxidizing system other than alcohol dehydrogenase and indicates that at high ethanol blood levels, such a system contributes to ethanol oxidation. The highet acetaldehyde levels in alcholism may result from both greater activity of this system and mitochondrial damage, and could contribut to the neurologic, hepatic and cardiac complications of alcoholism.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The combined effects of protein deficiency and chronic ethanol administration on rat ethanol metabolism.

This investigation was performed to examine the combined effects of protein deficiency and chronic ethanol consumption on ethanol clearance and hepatic ethanol metabolism of the rat. Protein deficiency alone was associated with reduced ethanol clearance and decreased activity of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase and the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system. However, when ethanol (as 36% of energy) was administered concurrently with protein-deficient diets, accelerated ethanol clearance and increased microsomal oxidation of ethanol was observed. Furthermore, in protein-deficient animals fed ethanol, liver alcohol dehydrogenase levels were less decreased when compared with values observed in animals fed protein-deficient diets without ethanol, and this effect was associated with markedly reduced serum testosterone levels in the former group.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of stricture formation after endoscopic sclerotherapy of esophageal varices.

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive acid protection regimen in preventing sclerotherapy-associated esophageal strictures, 62 patients undergoing sclerotherapy were randomized to receive either acid protection (antacids, cimetidine, and sucralfate) or no acid protection. Of 31 patients (38.7%) in the no acid protection group, 12 developed a symptomatic stricture during the course of sclerotherapy compared with 3 patients (9.7%) in the group assigned to acid protection (p less than 0.01). Our study demonstrates that a vigorous acid protection regimen will help prevent symptomatic esophageal strictures associated with variceal sclerotherapy.

Antacids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bifid pancreas. An unusual anomaly associated with acute pancreatitis.

Pancreatic divisum and the ectopic pancreas are well-known anatomic anomalies. However, the bifid pancreatic duct is less common and is still poorly understood. The present case report examines this anatomic variant. We observed a bifid pancreatic duct in an elderly man with abdominal pain and an elevated level of serum amylase. An endoscopic papillotomy resulted in clinical improvement.

Acute Disease↗