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Biomedical subjects

M A Mishkel

Publications and source records attributed to M A Mishkel.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Normative standards of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in Canadians of working age.

Fasting plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were determined for 6407 working Canadian adults aged 20 to 69 years in Toronto and Hamilton. Means, medians and 5th and 95th percentiles were ascertained from the data for men, women taking oral contraceptives or estrogen preparations, and women not taking such medication. Mean plasma cholesterol values (mg/dL) ranged in men from 168.3 at ages 20 to 24 years to 211.5 at ages 45 to 49 years, and in women using hormone preparations from 180.3 at ages 20 to 24 years to 224.2 at ages 50 to 54 years; corresponding values in women not using these preparations were 164.9 and 220.6. Plasma triglyceride means (mg/dL) ranged in men from 108.7 at ages 20 to 24 years to 166.7 at ages 40 to 44 years, in women using hormone preparations from 115.4 at ages 20 to 24 years to 145.3 at ages 45 to 59 years, and in women not using these preparations from 77.5 at ages 20 to 24 years to 112.4 at ages 50 to 54 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hypothyroidism, an important cause of reversible hyperlipidemia.

Primary hypothyroidism was found to be the cause of hyperlipidemia in 22 patients. The mean age was 46 years, 59% were males, 27% had vascular disease, 14% had xanthomas and 86% had thyroid antibodies. Familial involvement was shown in 3 propositi. All patients were treated with L-thyroxine, 0.05--0.2 mg/day for a mean of 16 months. Combined hyperlipidemia was common (77%), and lipoprotein phenotyping revealed types IIB hyperlipopro-teinemia in 11, IIA in 5, III in 3 and IV in 3 patients. With treatment, normal plasma cholesterol (less than 265 mg/dl) and triglycerides (less than 200 mg/dl) were obtained in 91% and 86%, respectively. The mean maintenance L-thyroxine dose was 0.15 mg/day, but smaller doses often showed marked hypolipidemic effect. The mean +/- S. D. pretreatment fasting plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were 387 +/- 120 and 328 +/-247 mg/dl and on thyroid treatment the mean minimum levels were 205 +/- 46 and 133 +/- 65 mg/dl, respectively (both p values less than 0.005). Hypothyroidism has proved to be a common reversible form of hyperlipidemia. One cardiac patient died and three others had to have their L-thyroxine titrated to prevent angina. Family screening has been of use in case finding for auto-immune disease in 3 families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Xanthoma disseminatum. Clinical, metabolic, pathologic, and radiologic aspects.

A 55-year-old man with the classical mucocutaneous lesions of xanthoma disseminatum has been followed up for a period of 13 years. The special features of this case, which make it unique, are as follows: (1) the availability of histologic data on multiple lesions for more than a ten-year period; (2) the progressive nature of the multiple osseous lesions; (3) the metabolic studies that show no evidence for accumulation of abnormal sterols in a xanthoma, the blood, or intestinal aspirate; (4) the development of hypothyroidism and symptoms or signs, or both, of an intracerebral and an intraspinal lesion; (5) the partial regression of the cutanous symptoms and lesions while receiving clofibrate, in spite of progression of the mucous membrane and osseous lesions, and (6) the failure to develop diabetes insipidus to date.

Anus Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Pseudohomozygous and pseudoheterozygous type II hyperlipoproteinemia.

A 4-year-old boy had typical features of homozygous type II hyperlipoproteinemia with planar xanthomas, a plasma cholesterol level greater than 600 mg/dl, and an estimated beta-lipoprotein cholesterol concentration greater than 500 mg/dl. Both he and his sister, who had the biochemical features of the heterozygous state, responded unusually well to a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol content. These features, combined with the finding of normocholesterolemic parents, are highly suggestive of a newly described syndrome. pseudohomozygous type II hyperlipoproteinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Fatty acid composition of margarines.

The fatty acid composition of 27 samples of bar margarines, 58 samples of tub margarines, and one sample of a liquid margarine spread, purchased at different centers in Canada and the United States over a 1-year period (1973-1974), has been determined. The values of total polyunsaturated fatty acids determined by gas-liquid chromatography were compared to the results obtained by an enzymatic method using lipoxidase. The margarines have also been compared on the basis of fatty acid composition and polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratios. All of these parameters showed considerable variations among the different samples analyzed in this study. As a general rule, soft (tub) margarines tended to have a higher concentration of cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic (linoleic) acid than hard (bar) margarines. The labeling of the products as regards fatty acid composition was not always helpful in choosing a margarine of high linoleic acid composition.

Canada↗
PubMed1975

The effect of calcium on plasma lipids and bile acid and fecal fat excretion in normolipidemic subjects.

The effect of oral calcium (2 g/day) was studied in four normolipidemic subjects. Calcium caused a significant lowering of plasma cholesterol and a considerable fall in the glycine-/taurine-conjugated bile acid ratio in the intestinal aspirate of one subject, while fecal bile acid excretion rose appreciably in another during treatment. These parameters showed no consistent trend in the other three subjects. None of the subjects showed any significant change in plasma triglycerides and serum calcium and phosphorus during treatment. One subject showed a consistent decrease in every parameter studied throughout the experiment, a trend which was probably due to a concomitant loss in body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A longitudinal assessment of lipid ratios in the diagnosis of type III hyperlipoproteinaemia.

Type III hyperlipoproteinaemia (HLP) has been overdiagnosed in the past, but still may go undiagnosed because of technical difficulties. This longitudinal study of 19 ultracentrifugally proven cases of Type III HLP shows that 2 lipid ratios can be used to supplement the findings of a floating beta band. These patients have been followed for 3 months to 2.5 years whilst on dietary and/or drug treatment. A group composed of more than 100 Type IIB, Type IV and Type IIB-IV hyperlipoproteinaemic patients has been used for comparison purposes. From a total of 310 ultracentrifugal analyses, it was found that the following 2 ratios have more than a 90 percent predictability for Type III HLP: supernatant cholesterol/supernatant triglyceride greater than or equal to 0.35 (Ratio 2); supernatant cholesterol/whole plasma triglyceride greater than or equal to 0.25 (Ratio 3). These ratios are particularly valuable in Type III HLP when the plasma is grossly hyperlipaemic or when the lipid levels are low because of successful treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Neonatal plasma lipids as measured in cord blood.

The status of cord blood screening of plasma lipids is reviewed, emphasizing the problems associated with the diagnosis of familial hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP), particularly type II (hyperbetalipoproteinemia), in the neonate. For 2937 neonates in this study the mean +/- standard deviation (SD) of plasma cholesterol was 70.3 +/- 16.9 mg/dl. The mean triglyceride level of 1805 neonates was 39.6 +/- 19.3 mg/dl. The mean level of beta-cholesterol in 240 neonates was 34.3 +/- 10.9 mg/dl and the correlation between total and beta-cholesterol was high (r=0.89). By convention, the upper limit of normal was defined as the mean + 2 SD, and these levels for total cholesterol, triglyceride and beta-cholesterol were 100, 80 and 55 mg/dl respectively. Only by careful follow-up of hyperlipidemic neonates can the incidence of HLP and the worth of early diagnosis be assessed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1967

Whipple's disease.

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗