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Biomedical subjects

M A Odelola

Publications and source records attributed to M A Odelola.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Cardiovascular changes during halothane induction in children.

OBJECTIVES: The incidence of bradycardia and myocardial depression following halothane induction in children is well documented. Bradycardia leads to reduced cardiac output, which can result in compromised organ perfusion. Halothane may sometimes induce arrhythmia. There is at present no study in this sub-region on the cardiovascular changes of halothane induction in children. This study was designed to investigate the cardiovascular changes and incidence of arrhythmias following halothane induction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety ASA I - II children aged 6 months to 12 years were studied. Premedication with oral promethazine 1mg/kg was given to all patients above the age of one year. Anaesthesia was achieved with incremental halothane up to 3% in 33% oxygen and nitrous oxide. Halothane induction led to a significant drop in SBP, DBP and MAP in all patients at the end of induction. (p < 0.005). Heart rate values were significantly less postinduction in children older than one year (p < 0.05). Arrhythmias occurred in 3.3% of all patients. No patient experienced bradycardia. Other complications included hypotension (8.8% ) and mild laryngeal spasm (2.2% ). RESULTS: Halothane induction in children results in significant reduction in heart rate and blood pressure. Bradyarrhthmias are uncommon with promethazine premedication.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abuse and neglect in the surgically ill child.

Child abuse and neglect are a global phenomenon often symptomatic of underlying psychosocial family problems, which may represent a transferred aggression from one or both disturbed parents onto the child. Although the scope has been widely explored in Africa, little has been written on children presenting with surgical lesions. We report 31 children abused by their parents on accounts of frustrations engendered by the children's surgical conditions in Lagos. 26 (83.9%) of these children had major congenital defects while only 5 (16.1%) had acquired lesions. The commonest form of abuse was child abandonment, seen in 9 (29%) of cases. Neglect was recorded in 7 (23%) cases while 2 children were mutilated because of surgical lesions. Three patients were starved, 3 children with colostomy were evicted by landlords while 2 were locked up by parents out of shame. One child died of infanticide. Reasons for abuse included financial constraints, hopelessness and shame associated with grotesque lesions, broken homes and maternal pregnancy. Doctors and nurses engaged in the care of gross congenital anomalies and other major surgical lesions should anticipate this problem and evolve appropriate strategies to deal with it. The social worker should be involved early enough in the management. Provision of adequate social safety nets, affordable medical care and specific legal protection for children will curtail this ugly trend in our society.

Attitude to Health↗