Biomedical subjects

M A Oleen

Publications and source records attributed to M A Oleen.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1990

Controlling refractory atonic postpartum hemorrhage with Hemabate sterile solution.

The customary use of Hemabate sterile solution for postpartum hemorrhage was studied at 12 cooperating obstetrics units for a 12-month period. Outcomes of interest were the characteristics of patients chosen by the attending physicians to receive the drug, conditions of drug use, and patient status after drug use. Cessation of bleeding was considered a successful outcome and in 208 of 237 cases (87.8%) the hemorrhage was controlled directly after the administration of Hemabate sterile solution. An additional 17 successful outcomes were achieved with further administration of oxytocics for an overall success rate of 94.9%. Twelve cases of postpartum hemorrhage were considered pharmacologic treatment failures, requiring surgical intervention. Among the patients in whom pharmacologic treatment failed were factors that may have played a significant role in the cause of the hemorrhage including peripheral coagulopathy, retained products of conception, lacerations, chorioamnionitis, oxytocin-induced or augmented labor, increased fetal weight, magnesium-treated preeclampsia, and cesarean delivery. However, no combination of factors could be consistently associated with pharmacologic treatment failure.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

The use of benzodiazepine hypnotics in the elderly.

An epidemiologic study was conducted to observe patient-reported use and effects of triazolam, flurazepam, and oxazepam taken at bedtime among 2260 outpatients age 65 years or older in Canada. The study used pharmacy-based enrollment, with participant follow-up through a 3-day diary and a telephone interview. The study also evaluated how the three benzodiazepine hypnotics were prescribed. Prescription information showed that 66% of the flurazepam prescriptions were for the highest strength, compared to 39% and 35% for triazolam and oxazepam, respectively. As patient age increased, the highest strength of each agent was prescribed less frequently. For all drugs, 53% of prescriptions were written for use as necessary (prn), and the proportion who received such prescriptions increased with age. Patient reports, however, revealed that 57% were using a hypnotic every day, and this regular use increased with advancing age. Regular daily use was more common among those who used triazolam and oxazepam (62%) than those who took flurazepam (42%).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Postmarketing surveillance.

Postmarketing surveillance (PMS) studies allow for the systematic and comprehensive monitoring of the beneficial and harmful effects of prescription drugs as well as their usage patterns. The objectives of PMS are to assess the uses and effects of new drugs under conditions of customary clinical use. The following methods are used to assess new drugs under these conditions: 1. the publishing of case reports describing a new adverse effect, drug-drug interaction, or an unexpected response to a drug; 2. voluntary adverse drug reaction reporting; 3. registries; 4. hospital-based intensive monitoring; 5. case-comparison studies; and 6. prospective cohort studies. The Upjohn Company, under the rubric of the Medication Monitoring Program, utilizes pharmacists extensively to recruit outpatients for nonexperimental comparison cohort studies of its products. Numerous other PMS functions are being carried out by pharmacists in hospital settings. The cooperation of pharmacists and sponsors of PMS is essential in order to maximize the knowledge about medications and their users.

Drug Industry↗

PubMed1982

Evaluating the performance of technician trainees.

The development and use of a behavioral performance evaluation form for pharmacy technicians in a hospital-based training program is described. The behavior anchors for the evaluation form were derived from a task analysis of the technician position and a modified critical-incident technique. The appraisal factors were classified under six basic work areas: (1) procurement, (2) intravenous admixtures and sterile solutions, (3) automatic replenishment, (4) manufacturing and prepacking, (5) outpatient dispensing, and (6) inpatient dispensing or unit dose. Five rating categories ranging from exceptional to unsatisfactory were given point values. After an evaluation is completed, the supervising pharmacist reviews it with the trainees and sets objectives for the next appraisal period. The form can be used at regular intervals to assess the trainees' progress, and it can be used in the annual review of a technician's performance. The performance evaluation of technician trainees can determine the proficiency gained from a training program and identify areas where further instruction is needed.

Behavior↗