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Biomedical subjects

M A Oyediran

Publications and source records attributed to M A Oyediran.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

The effect of an educational intervention on improving rational drug use.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on rational drug use amongst Primary Health Care workers in two Local Government Areas (LGAs), Mushin and Ikeja, in Lagos State. METHODS: Mushin was randomly selected as the intervention LGA while Ikeja was selected as the control L.G.A. A structured educational intervention designed to improve prescribing practices was carried in Mushin LGA for four weeks. Drug use indicators were measured before, at two weeks and three months post intervention. RESULTS: At baseline, most of the drug-use indicators in the intervention LGA were significantly worse (p < 0.05) than the control LGA. However, at the two-week evaluation, the educational programme achieved a significant reduction in the average number of drugs in the intervention LGA from 7.3+ 2.8 to 6.3 + 2.3 (p=0.000) compared to the control LGA where there was no significant change (from 4.9+ to 4.8+2.2, p=0.647). There was also a significant increase in the percentage of patients rationally managed from 18% to 30% (p=0.0005) in the intervention LGA unlike the control LGA (from 33% to 31%,p=0.693.). The rate of change in the average number of drugs prescribed was significantly higher in the intervention LGA (+14% )compared to the control LGA (+2%,p=0.0000). The improvements were not sustained at the three-month evaluation, as most of the indicators were similar to values obtained at the baseline. CONCLUSION: The intervention programme significantly improved rational drug use in the short-term period only. Other cost effective and sustainable intervention models for improving prescribing practices should be developed.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1993

The importance of training and supervision in quality of care.

Training of family planning service providers requires identification and selection of service providers, knowledge of their functions in the overall health team, provision of job descriptions and assessment of training needs. These can assist in the definition of training objectives and the establishment of program content. Varied teaching methodologies and aids can enrich the program and maximize learning and the venue and facilities provided for training should be accessible, appropriate in setting (using primary, secondary or tertiary facilities as necessary) and should provide an adequate standard of care. Evaluation of training performance should be regular and ongoing, with final assessment leading to recognition of training. The program should be evaluated by trainers and trainees to assist in improving the quality of the training and competence of the trainers. Finally, supervision and monitoring of performance in the workplace can be achieved by direct internal or external supervision, by indirect supervision using standing orders or guidelines, and by evaluation by managers, service providers and clients.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1986

Teaching medical students about family planning: experiences from a primary health care course in Lagos, Nigeria.

In 1979, the College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria embarked on a new curriculum, which places more emphasis on primary health care in line with the needs of the country. This paper discusses one aspect of the primary health care course, family planning, which involves teaching a practical subject to a large number of students within a relatively short period of time and with limited patient contact. It is hoped that some of the ideas discussed can be of use to other medical teachers faced with similar dilemmas.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1983

Breast-feeding among female employees at a major health institution in Lagos, Nigeria.

The importance of breast-feeding to the health of infant and mother is discussed. However the working conditions of employed women in developing countries prevent exclusive breast-feeding once the mother has returned to work after delivery and also present obstacles to partial breast-feeding. The breast-feeding practices of women employed at a major health institution in Lagos, Nigeria are examined. Duration of breast-feeding was in inverse relation to salary level. Women on the lowest salaries had a mean duration of breast-feeding their last child of 8 months, whereas women in senior professional positions had a mean breast-feeding duration of 3.3 months. Conflicts with work responsibilities were the most commonly cited reason for terminating breast-feeding earlier than the mother desired. If a creche was available at place of work, half the women surveyed said they would breast-feed for longer. Anticipated durations, if a creche was available, would lengthen breast-feeding to 12 months for lowest paid women and to nearly 9 months for women at the higher salary levels. Present options available to the employed women who wishes to breast-feed as long as possible, namely the use of wet-nurses and expression of breast-milk, are discussed. It is concluded that the most satisfactory means of promoting breast-feeding among employed women is the provision of paid leave post delivery for at least three months and the provision of a creche at place of work. The costs should be borne by the employer, assisted by government in the form of grants and tax-relief.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study of the effectiveness of the Lippes Loop, the Copper-T-200, and the Nova-T intrauterine contraceptive devices in Lagos, Nigeria.

Two hundred five women attending the Family Planning Clinic of the Department of Community Health were admitted into a nonrandomised study to compare the effectiveness of the Copper-T-200, Nova-T, and Lippes Loop intrauterine devices. Members of the study group of women were found to be older than their European counter-parts and also tended to have a higher parity (81.0% of the total group having more than three children). The expulsion rates and removal rates for bleeding and pain for Copper-T-200 and Nova-T users were respectively 6.5 and 3.8 and 5.0 and 1.5. These results were significantly lower than the rates for the Lippes Loop users which were 14.7 and 6.7, respectively. The continuation rates were higher for the Copper-T-200 (88.2) and the Nova-T (91.3) than for the Lippes Loop (75.5). These findings were essentially similar to those of other worldwide studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A comparative study of the clinical performance of two copper-releasing IUDs, Nova-T & Copper-T-200 in Lagos, Nigeria.

A non-randomised study was performed to compare the use-effectiveness of the Copper-T-200 and Nova-T intrauterine devices. It was found that generally, results compared favourably with other world-wide studies. No accidental pregnancies were experienced and no significant difference was found between the expulsion rate of the Nova-T (5.0) and that of the Copper-T-200 (6.5) and the removal rates for bleeding and pain, which were 1.5 and 3.8, respectively. The continuation rate for the Nova-T was 91.3 compared with 88.2 for the Copper-T. The total experience was based on 815 woman-months of use.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A scoring system for sick children.

A scoring chart for sick children was designed using the vital signs of temperature, respiratory and pulse rates, and the central nervous system. The scoring chart was used on 68 sick children who had been randomly selected from a child welfare clinic in Lagos. Analyses of the charts showed that although values overlapped when related to clinical impression, there was an inverse correlation with the severity of the illness. The correlation coefficient between the doctors' and nurses' scores was high. Despite the need for further modification and investigation the scoring chart was promising as a screening tool for use by people who were not doctors and, possibly in some situations, by those who were not nurses.

Child Health Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study on female circumcision in Nigeria.

A total of 181 women were randomly chosen from the women attending the family planning clinic of the Department of Community Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, from February 1984 to September 1984. Of these, 84.7% were aged between 25 and 44 years and most of them are Yorubas (70.7%). A high proportion (56.4%) claimed to have been circumcised but examination revealed that 24.5% had no clinical evidence of circumcision. The Edo tribe had the highest proportion circumcised amongst the respondents, 76.7%, followed by the Ibos, 61%, and least of all the Efiks, 20%. Age at circumcision revealed that most had their circumcision as infants (78.8%) and only 5.9% had theirs as adults, however, the Ibos and Yorubas had high rates of infant circumcision. Some of the respondents were aware of the associated side effects and it was found that the more educated women were less likely to circumcise their daughters. All circumcised daughters were from circumcised mothers except one and she had to circumcise her daughter in conformity with her husband's tribal practice. Accurate statistics of morbidity and mortality from female circumcision will be difficult to gather as circumcision is performed mostly in the houses, nevertheless, the complications are severe enough to merit authoritative intervention. It is recommended that public awareness of female circumcision, its complications and other attendant health hazards should be embarked upon by health authorities especially amongst the tribes practising it.

Circumcision, Male↗