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Biomedical subjects

M A Suárez Pinilla

Publications and source records attributed to M A Suárez Pinilla.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Predictors of outcome in blunt chest trauma].

INTRODUCTION: Thoracic trauma is often associated with polytrauma. Because mortality is high, the search for prognostic tools is useful. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 108 patients with blunt thoracic trauma, 73 of whom had multiple injuries, were studied in an intensive care unit (ICU). The variables named as potential predictors of outcome were the need for mechanical ventilation, duration of ventilation, and high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP); the presence of rib fractures, pulmonary contusion, pleural involvement (hemo- and/or pneumothorax), or lung infection; the need for emergency surgery; mean duration of ICU stay, and age. We also studied whether or not the mortality rate was higher in polytrauma patients. Student t and chi2 tests (95% confidence level) and multiple regression analysis (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit) were used to analyze the results. RESULTS: The need for mechanical ventilation, radiographic evidence of pulmonary contusion, emergency surgery, and hemodynamic instability were risk factors for increased mortality. Higher risk of mortality was not demonstrated for patients with multiple injuries. For patients in need of mechanical ventilation, high PEEP was a predictor of poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the aforementioned predictors (mechanical ventilation, high PEEP, pulmonary contusion, emergency surgery, and hemodynamic instability) indicate serious injury to the lung parenchyma, which is the main determinant of outcome for patients with thoracic trauma.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Analysis of the reliability of 4 ventilators used in critically ill patients].

OBJECTIVES: Mechanical ventilators are often used in critically-ill patients with acute respiratory insufficiency. We aimed to assess the reliability of four commonly used ventilators. METHODS: This experimental study assessed four Bio-Tek VT-2 ventilators set for different levels of impedance and compliance in comparison with a tester. We gathered data on differences between the ventilators and the tester for volumes supplied and end-expiratory pressures. Statistical significance was determined using a Student-t test (95% confidence interval) and a coefficient of variation was calculated to study variation over time in parameters programmed. Error margins were calculated and applied for each ventilator. RESULTS: For situations in which compliance and impedance are similar to those of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, there were differences in tidal volumes measured by the ventilators monitors and those actually supplied at the end of the breathing circuits, although the differences are only slightly greater than the error margins. The coefficients of variation were not significant at any of the compliance and impedance levels studied. CONCLUSIONS: In situations of low compliance and/or high impedance, tidal volumes supplied by ventilators and volumes shown on the monitors are different, although the differences are small and hardly exceed the ventilators acceptable error margins. The coefficient of variation indicated that the parameters set remain highly stable over time.

Critical Illness↗
PubMed1998

[Non-invasive methods for evaluating reperfusion in acute myocardial infarct: enzymes and MIBI-SPECT cardiac gammagraphy].

INTRODUCTION: Several studies point out the importance of what is called rescue angioplasty or fibrinolysis when thrombolysis has been ineffective in acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, it is necessary to make use of new non-invasive methods to asses reperfusion and to safely establish that such a treatment has not been effective. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We present a work which is based on the assessment of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with or without fibrinolysis. After determining cardiac enzymatic profiles of creatine kinase and MB isoform (time course, peak, appearance rate constant time-activity: K1). With cardiac imaging gammagraphies 99mTc-isonitrile-single-photon emission computed tomography pre and post treatment after to calculating myocardium at risk, salvage and relationship. RESULTS: In patients treated with fibrinolysis, the salvage myocardium was higher (8.3% vs 3.0%; p < 0.05). Considering that an improvement in perfusion defect (salvaged myocardium/myocardium at risk) higher than 30% can be viewed as an effective reperfusion, we can see that the percentage in the group treated with fibrinolysis being 45.8%, and the percentage in the group under conventional treatment being just 6.7%. Patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with fibrinolysis show much shorter start of rise-peak time and pain-peak time, all this with very significant differences for the creatine kinase (p < 0.0001) as well as for the MB (p < 0.001). Patients with reperfusion show a rapid increase in activity enzymatic, as demonstrated by the pain-peak time variable and the appearance rate constant time-activity (K1), with very significant differences in the latter (p < 0.0001). In relation with gammagraphy, values of K1 higher or equal to 0.19 for the creatine kinase and 0.14 for the MB isoform, achieved a sensibility of 83% and 91%, and a specificity of 85% and 80% respectively, to asses reperfusion. CONCLUSION: We think that cardiac imaging gammagraphy with isonitriles as well as as determination of the appearance rate enzymatic constant time-activity, can be useful in monitoring treatment with fibrinolysis in infarction patients. New studies are needed to assess these same aspects, with a lesser number of enzymatic determinations.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Cardiac radionuclide scanning with 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT in acute myocardial infarction].

Several studies point out the importance of what is called rescue angioplasty or fibrinolysis (FB) when thrombolysis has been ineffective in acute myocardial infaction (AMI). Therefore, it is necessary to make use of new methods to asses reperfusion and to safely establish that such a treatment has not been effective. We present a work which is based on the assessment of patients with acute coronary heart disease: AMI patients treated with FB (N = 48), without FB (N = 15), unstable angina (N = 9); after determining cardiac imaging gammagraphies 99mTc-isonitrile-single-photon emission computed tomography (MIBI-SPECT) pre and post treatment, to assess myocardium at risk (MR), salvage (MS) and the existence or not of gammagraphic reperfusion. Unstable angina patients show a myocardial perfusion that is similar to AMI patients. However, in the case of unstable angina, perfusion is practically of a 100% 48 hours later, having almost completely saved the myocardium at risk (MS/MR = 81.5% +/- 27.7%), and with a non-existent residual myocardium (3.2% +/- 5.8%). In AMI patients treated with FB the salvage myocardium was higher [8.3 vs 3.0; p < 0.05). Considering that an improvement in perfusion defect (MS/MR)] higher than 30% can be viewed as an effective reperfusion, we can see that all the patients with unstable angina show reperfusion, the percentage in the AMI group treated with FB being 45.8%, and the percentage in the AMI group under conventional treatment being just 6.7%. Gammagraphy with 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT at admission allowed assessing regional perfusion in AMI patients during the early stage of their evolution. With a second exploration we could determine the amount of salvage myocardium and the existence of secondary reperfusion to FB treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Epidemiological study of nosocomial meningitis in neurological patients].

We realized a retrospective study of all the patients who developed a nosocomial meningitis after to admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of our hospital, during the last five years. Nosocomial meningitis was found in 3.29% of the neurologic patients. The most frequent causes of the meningitis was the external ventricular drainage (14.8%), post-neurosurgical (0.8%) and head injury (0.0007%). The causative bacterias were stafilococo, S. pneumoniae, K. pneunomiae and P. aeruginosa. The mortality was of the 39.06%.

Brain↗
PubMed1994

[Descriptive study of hemodialysis in the critical patient. Report of 198 cases].

In the last five year, 198 critic patients developed acute renal failure, requiring hemodialysis in the hospital. We realized a descriptive study and analyzed the factors that were statistically associated with higher mortality: a surgical etiology, clinic criteria for the inicial of hemodialysis, respiratory failure, hemodynamic inestability, hepatic insufficciency, disseminated intravascular coagulacion and oliguric or anuria. The sepsis and the cardiorrespiratory complications were the cause of mortality most important. The 14% of the surviving requiring continue in the programs of hemodyalisis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗