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Biomedical subjects

M A Turk

Publications and source records attributed to M A Turk.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of ivermectin treatment on eosinophilic pneumonia and other extravascular lesions of late Strongylus vulgaris larval migration in foals.

Eighteen parasite-free pony foals were infected orally with 500 third stage larvae of Strongylus vulgaris. At 56 days after infection, six ponies were treated with intramuscular ivermectin (22, 23-dihydroavermectin B1); six were treated with oral ivermectin; and six were not treated. Necropsy was done 91 days after infection to study the pathologic effects of migrating S. vulgaris larvae and to determine the efficacy of ivermectin in attenuation of S. vulgaris-induced lesions. Larval migration induced eosinophilic inflammation of the liver, spleen, mesenteric, colic and cecal lymph nodes, and small and large intestine. Previously unreported parasitic lesions included eosinophilic pneumonia with eosinophilic granulomas and pulmonary lymphoid nodules. S. vulgaris larvae were observed in eosinophilic granulomas in the lung, epicardium, liver, and intestinal serosa. Injectable and oral ivermectin formulations were equally effective in reduction of these lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Unexpected death in an adult dog with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk.

A two-year-old female miniature poodle died unexpectedly while romping with its owner. Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the left pulmonic sinus was discovered at necropsy. Histologically, the right ventricle was unremarkable, but multifocal to coalescing necrosis and fibrosis occurred in the myocardium and endocardium of the left ventricle. Medial hypertrophy of small muscular pulmonary arteries was observed in the lung. The cardiac lesions were similar to those of children with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk. Pulmonary hypertension, which is suggested by the pulmonary arterial medial hypertrophy, could have increased left ventricular myocardial perfusion and delayed the ischemic myocardial damage that resulted in the death of this dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Dose response in 3-methylindole-induced bronchiolar epithelial necrosis in mice.

The effects of increasing concentrations of 3-methylindole (3MI) on the lungs, liver, and kidneys of mice were studied. Groups of five male mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, or 800 mg of 3MI/kg in corn oil. A control group received corn oil only. One of five mice which received 600 mg and all five which received 800 mg 3MI/kg died between 10 and 20 hours after injection. Surviving mice were killed 24 hours after 3MI. Lungs, liver and kidneys from all mice were examined by light microscopy. Brain, heart and spleen were also examined in mice which received 400 or 600 mg 3MI/kg. Histologic changes were limited to the lungs and consisted of degeneration or necrosis of bronchiolar epithelium in all mice which received at least 100 mg 3MI/kg. Severity of bronchiolar lesions was proportional to the dose of 3MI in mice which survived for 24 hours. Epithelial necrosis in the axial bronchi accompanied bronchiolar lesions in one mouse which received 400 mg and in three of five mice which received 600 mg 3MI/kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Efficacy of ivermectin in injectable and oral paste formulations against eight-week-old Strongylus vulgaris larvae in ponies.

A controlled test method was used to evaluate the efficacy of injectable micelle and oral paste formulations of ivermectin (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1) against 8-week-old Strongylus vulgaris larvae in experimentally infected pony foals. The dosage level of the drug in both formulations tested was 0.2 mg/kg. Ponies were euthanatized and necropsied 5 weeks after treatment. Based on the recovery of live vs dead S vulgaris from mesenteric arteries, both formulations were greater than 99% effective. Increased weight gains and marked reductions in the severity of arterial lesions were observed in treated ponies.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Pathologic changes in 3-methylindole-induced equine bronchiolitis.

The pathologic features of bronchiolitis were studied in horses and ponies from 30 minutes to 27 days after an oral dose of 3-methylindole (3MI). From 30 minutes to 3 hours, lesions were limited to nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells, which lost apical caps and cytoplasmic granules and had dilated smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). At 12 hours, necrotic Clara cells were exfoliated; degeneration and necrosis were evident, in bronchiolar ciliated cells. Rare epithelial cells with hyperplastic SER appeared on the denuded basal lamina at 24 hours. Inflammatory cells, epithelia, fibroblastlike cells, collagen, and debris occluded many bronchiolar lumens from 3 to 6 days. Reorganization resulted in a simple columnar bronchiolar epithelium with relatively normal ciliated cells and fewer fibroblastlike cells. However, mature Clara cells were rare at 27 days, and collagenous bands still divided bronchiolar lumens. Thus, 3MI toxicosis is a persistent model of equine bronchiolitis with many morphologic features of the spontaneous disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A canine testicular tumor resembling gonadoblastoma.

A tumor of the left testicle resembling a gonadoblastoma was an incidental finding at necropsy in a 15-year-old male Shetland Sheepdog. This neoplasm was characterized by discrete intratubular aggregates of intimately mixed germ cells and smaller cells resembling Sertoli cells. The latter small cells often formed a single cell layer surrounding the margin of eosinophilic, PAS-positive Call-Exner-like bodies. Electron microscopy showed these bodies to be composed of whorled laminae resembling basement membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Nonhematopoietic gastrointestinal neoplasia in cats: a retrospective study of 44 cases.

Gastrointestinal neoplasms other than lymphosarcomas and mast cell tumors were diagnosed in 44 cats during a 14-year period at the Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory. All the tumors were malignant; 31 metastasized or recurred. One cat had fibrosarcoma; another, leiomyosarcoma. The other 42 cats had adenocarcinomas, which were subclassified into three histologic patterns: tubular adenocarcinoma; undifferentiated carcinoma; and mucinous adenocarcinoma. The cats averaged 10.6 years of age. There was no sex predisposition. Siamese cats had a higher frequency of adenocarcinomas than other breeds. Osseous and chondroid metaplasia occurred in nine adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of epidural and general anesthesia on the healing of colonic anastomoses.

Colonic anastomoses were performed on two groups of 13 dogs each. Epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia were performed in one group and general anesthesia only in the other. Intraoperatively, the epidural-general anesthesia dogs tended to bleed less, making the anastomosis less difficult. Histologic comparisons showed healing to be more advanced in the epidural-general anesthesia dogs compared to the general anesthesia dogs 24 hours and 7 days postoperatively. Differences were not noticed 14 and 28 days postoperatively. Bursting pressures were determined 24 hours after surgery. Differences between the groups were not noticed. Leakage occurred at 72% of the pressure determined to cause leakage in normal colons.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of a vascular skeletal muscle graft for canine esophageal reconstruction.

A technique for reconstruction of the thoracic esophagus was evaluated in 13 dogs. A 9 x 10 cm section of transversus abdominis muscle was harvested, fashioned into a tubular graft, and vascularized via the greater omentum. The vascularized tube was advanced into the caudal thorax through the diaphragm at a second surgery 20 to 44 days after harvesting the section of the transversus abdominis muscle. A 5 cm section of caudal thoracic esophagus was replaced with the vascular tubular graft. One dog died because of incarceration of the intestine within the tube and two dogs were euthanized because of infected tubes. One dog died due to an anesthetic complication, one dog had a diaphragmatic hernia and died, and one dog died from pyothorax. Leakage of luminal contents at the anastomoses did not occur in any dog. Seven dogs survived both surgeries but showed deglutitory difficulty 6 days postoperatively due to the grafted esophageal segments becoming severely strictured in each case. Angiography demonstrated vascularization of the full thickness of the graft in each of the seven dogs. An unacceptably high incidence of infection and stricture formation made this technique unsuitable for clinical use.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Silicone elastomer sling for fecal incontinence in dogs.

Fecal incontinence was created by bilateral pudendal neurectomy in 12 dogs. In six dogs, the fecal incontinence was treated by implantation of a polyester-impregnated silicone elastomer sling to form an artificial external anal sphincter. Six dogs underwent the same operative procedure without the implant to serve as controls. Five dogs regained total continence and one dog regained partial continence after implantation of the sling. Four control dogs remained incontinent and two control dogs regained partial continence. The difference between the dogs with slings and the controls was statistically significant (P less than 0.01). The only complication was infection in one dog, which was treated successfully. Histologic reaction to the implant was confined to a zone of fibrosis 1 to 3 mm surrounding the implant. The sling was well tolerated clinically and appeared to offer a successful method for correction of fecal incontinence in dogs.

Anal Canal↗