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M Abate

Publications and source records attributed to M Abate.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Maternal-fetal pharmacological activity of amikacin.

Thirty healthy gravid patients of six to 20 weeks' gestation each received a single dose of 7.5 mg of amikacin/kg within 24 hr prior to elective hysterectomy. The half-life (t1/2) of amikacin in maternal serum was 2.07 hr. The mean peak concentration of amikacin in the sera of these patients was slightly lower than that in nonpregnant adults. Two-thirds of the placental samples had amikacin concentrations of greater than or equal to 8 microng/g during the 20-hr interval between drug injection and delivery time. In fetal kidney the concentration of amikacin peaked at a level of 22.4 microng/g at 12 hr after administration. The peak concentration of amikacin in fetal urine was 24 microng/ml, and the t1/2 was 3.2 hr. High levels of the drug in fetal urine and low levels in fetal serum (less than 4 microng/ml) and amniotic fluid (less than 3 microng/ml) were unrelated to high levels found in fetal kidney. Levels of amikacin in fetal lung were 1.4-8.0 microng/g during intervals of 1-16 hr between administration of the drug and time of delivery. With the increasing number of drugs available for use, both potential benefits and risks for the fetus must be considered when prescribing an antibiotic to treat the infected gravid patient, and it should be kept in mind that low levels in body fluid may not be equated with safety.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1977

Maternal-fetal transfer of cefazolin in the first twenty weeks of pregnancy.

Maternal-fetal transfer of cefazolin was investigated with use of a single 14-mg/kg intramuscular dose administered to 40 gravidas before elective hysterectomy. The half-life of cefazolin in maternal serum was 1.5 hr with mean concentrations at 2 and 4 hr of 39 and 16 microgram/ml, respectively. By microbiological assay, cefazolin was not detected in brain, cerebrospinal fluid, lung, liver, or kidney of the fetus but was present in concentrations of 1-11 microgram/ml in 12 of 27 individual samples of fetal serum from 0.75 to 10.66 hr. Cefazolin appeared in fetal urine from 2.17 to 19.5 hr at levels of less than 5 microgram/ml with a half-life of 5.4 hr. Cefazolin was present in the amniotic fluid of fetuses older than 14 weeks in concentrations of less than 1 microgram/ml from 9 to 21.75 hr. After administration of a single dose to the mother early in pregnancy, the fetal distribution of cefazolin is limited to the body fluids.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sarcopenia: age-related skeletal muscle changes from determinants to physical disability.

Human aging is characterized by skeletal muscle wasting, a debilitating condition which sets the susceptibility for diseases that directly affect the quality of life and often limit life span. Sarcopenia, i.e. the reduction of muscle mass and/or function, is the consequence of a reduction of protein synthesis and an increase in muscle protein degradation. In addition, the capacity for muscle regeneration is severely impaired in aging and this can lead to disability, particularly in patients with other concomitant diseases or organ impairment. Immobility and lack of exercise, increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, increased production of oxygen free radicals or impaired detoxification, low anabolic hormone output, malnutrition and reduced neurological drive have been advocated as being responsible for sarcopenia. It is intriguing to notice that multiple pathways converge on skeletal muscle dysfunction, but the factors involved sometimes diverge to different pathways, thus intersecting at critical points. It is reasonable to argue that the activity of these nodes results from the net balance of regulating mechanisms, as in the case of the GH/IGF-1 axis, the testosterone and cortisol functions, the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and receptors. Both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms operate in regulating the final phenotype, the extent of muscle atrophy and reduction in strength and force generation. It is widely accepted that intervention on lifestyle habits represents an affordable and practical way to modify on a large scale some detrimental outcomes of aging, and particularly sarcopenia. The identification of the molecular chain able to reverse sarcopenia is a major goal of studies on human aging.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experience in diet therapy of child obesity].

During the last 14 years 1620 children and adolescents, 806 boys and 814 girls, aged 2-20 yrs, were referred for overweight as outpatients to the Pediatric Endocrine Center of the University of Pavia. On first admission 170 (10%) of the 1620 subjects had a percent overweight of less than 20% referred to ideal weight for height; 350 (22%) patients with overweight ranging from 25 to plus 100 were lost to follow up. We report our dietary management on 1100 children with percent overweight between 25-120, treated for a period of at least 3 months to a maximum of 7 years (mean 3 yrs). All patients were provided with a physiological diet with an adequate or slightly reduced caloric intake for their height (P 15%, F 25%, C 60%). A regular physical activity was recommended to our patients. Before they started the diet patients kept a daily food diary for three days, which included recording information about what food was eaten, how it was prepared and the time at which it was consumed. Food recalls showed a higher caloric intake for height and age with fat and protein excess, especially of animal origin. A lot of snacks, particularly sweets, and soft drinks were consumed during the day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗