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M Addad

Publications and source records attributed to M Addad.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Extraversion, neuroticism, immoral judgment and criminal behaviour.

The present study examines delinquent behaviour by integrating two approaches until now employed separately: Eysnck's theory linking delinquency to extraversion and neuroticism, and Kohlberg's theory of moral development and its connection to moral behaviour. The study analyzes the relations between extraversion, neuroticism and moral judgment, as well as their independent and/or interactive effect upon the development of anti-social behaviour. The relationships are tested by retrospective measurements of personality traits and moral judgment in three groups: delinquency (N = 203), control (N = 82) and comparative (N = 407) groups. Findings show that criminals are higher than control subjects in neuroticism and immoral judgment but not in extraversion. Similar relationships were found between criminals and the comparative group, with one exception: here extraversion was found to be positively related to delinquency, both independently and interactively with neuroticism. The implications of these results for differential development of anti-social behaviour are discussed.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1988

[Moral judgment and prediction of criminality. Comparative study of delinquents and non-delinquents].

A group of imprisoned criminals was compared to two groups of not-criminals with regard to five modes of judgment (profile of judgment) measured by Baruk's Tsedek test. The delinquents use more self-interest judgment, social judgment and absence of judgment that the whole of the not-delinquents (significantly different). They more often use the mode of moral judgment than the not-delinquents of the control group (general population) but less often than the not-delinquents of the comparative group (subjects of high educational level and religious for more than half of them). From the profile of judgment obtained for each group, a formula of prediction of tendency to crime was elaborated. It makes it possible to classify with rather good reliability the persons tested in the category of criminals or not-criminals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Van Gogh, the stigmatized man of the society].

After briefly recalling the labelling theory of deviant behaviour (criminality, mental pathology), the authors set out to illustrate the relationship between madness and stigma by analyzing the biography and letters of Vincent Van Gogh. They conclude that the artist interiorized the process of family and social stigmatization owing to a particular psychological preparatory ground originating from the circumstances of his birth.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1984

Homicide by psychotics in France: a five-year study.

Records were reviewed for all psychotics who had been found not responsible for a homicide and admitted to a French state hospital for the criminally insane over a 5-year period (N = 109). Subjects were diagnosed primarily as schizophrenic (N = 64) or paranoid (N = 37). Paranoids were more likely than schizophrenics to have killed a relative or friend rather than a stranger or another mental patient (p less than .05), whereas schizophrenics were more likely than paranoids to have killed a parent than another relative or a friend (p less than .01). Homicide by schizophrenics commonly involved enmeshed parental relationships of delusional proportions; themes of jealously and megalomania predominated in homicides by paranoids.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Arson in mentally ill and criminal populations.

Two groups of adult arsonists, 27 with mental illness and 23 not considered to be mentally ill, were examined for demographic features, premorbid factors, motives, and family background. Almost half (46%) of the mentally ill arsonists were mentally retarded. A large proportion of the not-mentally-ill group committed arson as a "crime of passion," 33% of which occurred under the influence of alcohol. Both groups reported a high proportion of absent fathers and seriously disturbed family relations. The relationship of these acts to sexual impulses was found to be minimal, a finding that contrasts with case report studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Criminal acts among schizophrenics in French mental hospitals.

This paper reports a questionnaire study of 116 schizophrenic subjects. A group without history of crime (N = 53) was found to have considerably better relations with their families than a group with histories of criminal acts (N = 63). An interesting finding was that negative relations with the father were reported more frequently in the noncriminal group than in the criminal group, whereas negative relations with the mother were more frequent in the criminal group than in the noncriminal group. Within the criminal group several differences were found between the criminal behavior of chronic undifferentiated and paranoid schizophrenics. Although subjects of both diagnoses often acted with premeditation, paranoid schizophrenics were more likely to commit crimes against persons, to be under the influence of their illness during the crime, to be secretive about plans, to admit their guilt, and to cite vengeance as a motive than chronic undifferentiated schizophrenic subjects.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1977

[Difficult and/or dangerous mental patients: criminologic survey on 547 subjects submitted to the maximum security ward at Cadillac between 1967 and 1976].

The writers of the article submit the results of a medico-legal analysis of 547 files of mental patients, some of whom are hard cases and others are dangerous. All the patients are males. Each of them was interned by order of civil prefect in the maximum security ward of the C.H.S. de Cadillac Mental Centre. These files cover the period between 1967 and 1976. First global study was made of all the patients whose average age, on their admission to the above-mentioned medical centre, was 33 years. The results of the study can be summed up as follows: a) Nosologically, three important groups of patients are distinguishable. Together, they constitute 85% of all the cases studied. 28% of the cases are psychotics, of whom 25,8% are chronic psychotics (14,8% schizophrenics; 7,7%, paranoiacs); 40,5% of the cases are psychopaths suffering from psychic imbalance; and finally, 16,4% of the cases are morons (debiles). b) According to their delinquent behaviour the cases fall into the following categories: 1) 47% of the cases committed acts of physical aggression (17,6%, murder or attempts at murder; 20% severe aggression; 6,2%, rape or attempts at rape). 2) 42,1% of the cases committed crimes against property (38%, theft; 4%, arson). 3) 10,6% of the cases showed anti-social behaviour (6,5%, threats of murder; 3,5% alcoholism, fugues, etc.). c) The origin of the studied population was as follows: 22% of them were sent to the maximum security ward from prisons; some of them were sent here as irresponsible and some as a result of abnormal and disturbed behaviour. 78% of them were sent to the maximum security settings from psychiatric centres: of whom 8% from other security settings and 70% from ordinary psychiatric centres [50% of whom because they had run away (fugues) and 50% of whom as a result of aggressive behaviour which was, in certain case, accompanied by threats of murder]...

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuroticism, existential purpose and self-reinforcement of the ego. Comparative study of delinquents and non-delinquents].

This research attempts to examine a possible connection between neuroticism (level of anxiety) and the meaning of life. A research population composed of 446 people of whom 140 were imprisoned criminals and 306 were non-criminals, was examined. A significant negative correlation was found between the meaning of life and neuroticism, which means that the higher the neuroticism is the lower the meaning of life is. This negative connection was stronger for the criminal group which on the average had a lower score for the meaning of life. According to these results, the processes allowing a positive meaning of life can diminish the effects of psychogenic anxiety. No connection was found between extraversion and the meaning of life. Likewise, socionomic factors did not influence the negative correlation between neuroticism and the meaning of life. In specific cases we found that criminal solutions could be a substitute for the meaning of life.

Adolescent↗