Biomedical subjects

M Ahlqwist

Publications and source records attributed to M Ahlqwist.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Smoking habits and tooth loss in Swedish women.

A longitudinal population study of 1462 women, aged 38-60, was started in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1968-69. In univariate analysis of the results from 1968-69, smokers were found to have a significantly lower number of remaining teeth than non-smokers had. The differences between smokers and non-smokers with respect to edentulousness and number of remaining teeth was further accentuated 12 yr later. The mean number of teeth lost during the 12-yr follow-up period was 3.5 among smokers and 2.1 among non-smokers, i.e. 67% higher among smokers than among non-smokers. The associations were independent of age, education, socio-economic group, marital status, frequency of toothbrushing, and frequency of visits to a dentist. It is concluded that smoking seems to play an important role as far as tooth loss is concerned.

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PubMed1989

Comparison between panoramic and periapical radiography in the diagnosis of periapical bone lesions.

The diagnostic accuracy of panoramic and periapical radiography was compared by five oral radiologists who assessed the periapical status of 117 teeth evenly distributed throughout the jaws with a 50% probability that either an osteolytic or sclerotic lesion was present. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated no overall significant difference between panoramic and periapical radiography. However, for sclerotic lesions and for all lesions on maxillary premolars and mandibular molars periapical radiography was significantly superior (P less than 0.001); it was also superior for osteolytic lesions in the maxilla as well as for the lesions on mandibular premolars but with a smaller significant difference (P less than 0.05).

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PubMed1989

Women's teeth. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden, with special reference to tooth loss and restorations.

A population study comprising a representative sample of women in five age strata between 38 and 60 was carried out in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1968-69. Altogether 1418 women participated in the dental part of the study (87.4% of those sampled). The women were re-examined in 1980-81. A new group of 38-year-old women was invited in 1980-81. In this way cross-sectional comparisons could be made between women who were 38 and 50 years of age at the time of the two studies in 1968-69 and 1980-81 respectively. In addition, those who participated in both investigations could be studied longitudinally. Panoramic radiography was used to evaluate different dental health variables, for which the technique was found as valid as the more extensive intraoral full mouth radiographic examination. An improvement in dental health in terms of a decrease in tooth loss occurred over the twelve-year period. There was, among middle-aged and older women, no sign of a decrease in the proportion of restored teeth during the same period. A decrease in the differences between social groups had occurred, although differences in number of remaining teeth between women of various educational and socio-economic background to some extent still existed. Social factors seemed, however, to be of minor importance as discriminating factor for tooth loss during the follow-up period. The effect of smoking was also studied. Smoking seemed to be an important actor influencing tooth loss. An association between a low number of remaining teeth and impaired well-being was noted. Presence of amalgam fillings did not, on the population level, play any demonstrable role for impaired well-being among the women.

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PubMed1988

A 12-year cross-sectional and longitudinal radiographic study of dental restorations in women in Gothenburg, Sweden.

A dental examination was included in a mainly medically oriented population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. From panoramic radiographs the numbers of remaining teeth, restored teeth (fillings and crowns), pontics, and endodontically treated teeth were assessed in 1968-69 and in a 12-yr follow-up study in 1980-81. Women aged 38, 46, 50, 54 and 60 yr were initially studied. In the follow-up study, a group of 38-yr-old women was added. A comparison between cross-sectional data in 1968-69 and in 1980-81 in women aged 38 and 50 yr showed some marked differences. Dentulous women of the same age had in 1980-81 a larger mean number of teeth and a larger number of restored teeth (including crowns). The number of restored teeth in relation to remaining teeth was the same in the 38-yr-old women in 1980-81 but had increased in the 50-yr-olds. The absolute and relative numbers (in relation to remaining teeth) of crowns (also studied separately), pontics, and endodontically treated teeth were about the same in 1968-69 and 1980-81 both for the 38-yr-olds and the 50-yr-olds. There was a slight but statistically significant increase only in the absolute number of crowns for the 50-yr-olds. The follow-up study showed a moderate decrease of remaining teeth in all age groups. Related to remaining teeth, the number of restored teeth (including crowns), crowns, pontics, and endodontically treated teeth showed a statistically significant increase for all age groups except for the oldest, in which group a significant increase was only observed for crowns.

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PubMed1988

Number of amalgam tooth fillings in relation to subjectively experienced symptoms in a study of Swedish women.

There has been a lot of discussion concerning the possible influence of amalgam tooth fillings on different symptoms and complaints. Information on this topic could be obtained from 1024 dentulous women aged 38-72, participants in a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden, who answered a questionnaire with 30 specific questions concerning different symptoms and complaints. The answers were related to number of tooth surfaces restored with amalgam. Due to the sampling method and the high participation rate, the participants were representative of dentulous women of the same age in the general population. No positive correlations were found between number of amalgam fillings and number of symptoms, nor between number of amalgam fillings and prevalence of specified single symptoms or complaints. On the contrary there were a number of age-matched significant correlations in the opposite direction, which means that women with a high number of amalgam fillings reported a lower number of symptoms and complaints than women with a low number of amalgam fillings. These inverse relationships between number of amalgam fillings and different symptoms and complaints usually disappeared, when number of teeth was taken into consideration as a background variable. The inverse relationships with abdominal pain and poor appetite were, however, independent of both number of teeth and socioeconomic status as based on multivariate analysis. This study does not support the view of a correlation between amalgam fillings and symptoms and complaints, at least not on a population level.

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PubMed1986

Tooth mortality in women in a 12-year follow-up of a population sample in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Women of different age groups in Gothenburg, Sweden were examined in 1968-69 and in 1980-81 by means of orthopantomography. The frequencies of missing teeth and edentulousness were determined. The follow-up results among the same women showed only a small increase in edentulousness and in number of lost teeth during the period. A substantial decrease in edentulousness and frequency of missing teeth was observed between women of comparable age groups over the 12-yr interval, presumably as a result of preventive measures and increased availability of dental health care resources.

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PubMed1986

Rotational panoramic radiography in epidemiological studies of dental health. Comparison between panoramic radiographs and intraoral full mouth surveys.

In conjunction with an epidemiological study of oral health in women the capacity of the panoramic radiograph to yield information on oral conditions was compared to that of the intraoral full mouth survey including posterior bitewing radiographs. Full mouth surveys and panoramic radiographs of 75 women were compared for gross characteristics such as distribution of teeth, missing teeth, restorations, and endodontic treatment as well as for osteolytic lesions at the root, marginal bone loss and carious lesions. A nearly 100% agreement was found for gross characteristics but also for osteolytic lesions associated with teeth and for marginal bone loss the agreement was good; osteolytic lesions at single rooted teeth 76%, multirooted teeth 90% and a coefficient of correlation of .96 for individual mean marginal bone scores. Poor agreement was found for carious lesions as only 36% of those extending well into the dentine were found both in the intraoral radiographs and in the panoramic radiographs. It may be included that, except for carious lesions, the panoramic radiographs can be considered a useful tool in epidemiological studies of oral health.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Vertical position, rotation, and tipping of molars without antagonists.

PURPOSE: There has been a general belief that permanent teeth without antagonists overerupt, creating, after some time, considerable clinical problems. However, very few studies in the literature support this statement. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the position of molars that had been unopposed for a long period and to test the hypothesis that overeruption does affect every tooth without an antagonist. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three individuals were examined clinically, and dental casts were taken to evaluate the position of unopposed molars. There were 84 molars (61 in the maxilla and 23 in the mandible) with a documented period of at least 10 years without antagonists. Among these teeth, 25 molars had neither an antagonist nor a mesially adjacent tooth. A qualitative method was used to evaluate the position of the molars in the vertical direction: (1) teeth with no sign of overeruption, (2) teeth with slight overeruption (< 2 mm), and (3) teeth with moderate to severe overeruption (> or = 2 mm). RESULTS: Of the 84 molars examined, 15 teeth (18%) revealed no signs of overeruption, 49 teeth (58%) displayed overeruption of less than 2 mm, and 20 teeth (24%) showed moderate to severe overeruption. Individuals with molars that had lost their antagonists in adult age had a lower risk for overeruption than the other subjects examined. The existence of adjacent teeth was important for the position of the unopposed molar in a mesiodistal or buccolingual direction. Molar rotation was more frequent in the maxilla, whereas tipping was more common in the mandible. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that not all molars without antagonists overerupt, not even in a long-term perspective.

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