Taking issue with breast cancer statistics.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M Aickin
Publications and source records attributed to M Aickin.
Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in a southwestern Native American tribe.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the Pascua Yaqui Indian tribe in Tucson, AZ, in 1990 to document the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality for Native Americans and for members of the Pascua Yaqui tribe specifically. A total of 230 randomly selected adults, ages 25-65 years, who were listed as members on the tribal roll, participated, resulting in a 73-percent participation rate for those contacted. The five risk factors studied included diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and smoking. Only 14 percent of participants had none of the risk factors; 52 percent had two or more factors. Obesity was the most prevalent, being present in 69 percent of the women and 40 percent of the men, followed by diabetes, 35 percent of men and 39 percent of women. Twenty-six percent of the population had hypertension, and 43 percent of men were smokers, compared with 24 percent of women. Hypercholesterolemia was present in 19 percent of men and 14 percent of women. The rates of diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and smoking documented in this tribe are relatively high and can serve as a baseline for evaluating future prevention efforts.
Adult↗
Incidence of infectious disease and the licensure of immunobiologics in the United States.
INTRODUCTION: Our objective was to investigate the relationship of vaccine or toxoid licensure with the incidence of the target disease in the United States. METHODS: We used a historical correlational study design with outcome measures of the national incidence and elimination rate of polio, pertussis, diphtheria, and measles as well as the New York City incidence and elimination rate of mumps, rubella, and tetanus. RESULTS: The licensure of pertussis, measles, polio, mumps, and rubella vaccine was followed by an increase in the elimination rate of disease. The elimination rates of diphtheria and tetanus apparently worsened following the licensure of the respective toxoids. CONCLUSIONS: Historical data provide evidence of proof of efficacy of mass immunization for measles, polio, rubella, mumps, and pertussis, but not for diphtheria or tetanus.
Communicable Disease Control↗
A model-based method for selecting an acceptable dose in phase IIa chemoprevention trials.
In a cancer chemoprevention trial, it is vitally important to use a dose that will limit intolerable side-effects. Unlike the situation with cancer drug treatment, the side-effects are relatively moderate, only rather low levels will be permitted, and the time to development of intolerability may be long and variable. These characteristics all argue in favor of a fixed-sample size, and a fixed-dose design. Here we give a very general procedure for selecting an acceptable dose for subsequent testing based on such a design. We also show how a simple program can display the characteristics of various designs graphically, permitting a common-sense selection.
Chemoprevention↗