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Biomedical subjects

M Alix

Publications and source records attributed to M Alix.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Diabetes in the elderly patient].

EPIDEMIOLOGY: Diabetes mellitus in the elderly population is a major public health challenge. The aging population (over 65 years) now makes up 26.83% of the overall population in France and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in this population is an estimated 10.3 to 20%. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: The pathophysiology of diabetes is complex and mainly involves age-related insulin resistance. Changes in body fat, nutrition, and hormone secretions (insulin growth factor, dehydroepiandrosterone) also play an important role. Chronic hyperglycemia alone is pathogenic. COMPLICATIONS: Most are severe and induce not only dramatic vascular complications, diabetic foot, retinopathy, and neuropathy, but also, in association with age-induced illnesses and frail homeostasis, produce a high rate of disablement and decay of quality of life. MANAGEMENT: Current management of diabetes in the elderly population can be greatly improved. Systematic follow-up is essential, with special care to preserve self-independence. Education and self-monitoring play an important role. Large diet allowances are recommended. Available drug therapies for the elderly (basically insulin, short half-life sulfamides, metformine if renal function in normal, and exceptionally alpha-glucosidase inhibitors) must be examined in light of the specific situation of this frail population and the age-related changes in metabolism. Blood glucose control can be improved without risking unacceptable levels of hypoglycemia.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1995

[Postoperative management of partial or reconstructive pharyngo-laryngectomies].

The multidisciplinary management of patients following pharyngolaryngeal surgery is an essential condition for its functional and socio-professional success. Early, overall rehabilitation, geared to each type of exeresis and to the personality of each patient, will enable both the voice and swallowing to regain their autonomy. A series of 195 patients after partial or reconstructive laryngectomy or pharyngectomy is analysed. The maintenance of a functional crico-arytenoid unity, the preservation of the mucosal sensitivity, the establishment of a facilitating posture and the dynamisation of the neoglottic sphincter are all equally important elements requiring the mobilisation of the entire health care team.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Venous thromboembolic disease in a geriatric environment. Importance of its detection and treatment].

The elderly population is particularly exposed to risk of venous thromboembolism because the risk of thrombosis increases with age but also because of the side effects of anticoagulant therapy. Clinical signs are neither sensitive nor specific and systematic screen for deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients could be justified using noninvasive techniques such as echo-Doppler or assay of D-Dimers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of venous thrombosis diagnosed by echo-Doppler screening in a population of institutionalized elderly subjects. The frequency of risk factors and the cost of screening and subsequent health care were also evaluated. This study included 96 patients who underwent systematic echo-Doppler measurements. Clinical, biological and echographic data were recorded on individual file-cards for analysis. The prevalence of deep vein thrombosis diagnosis was 13.5% (13/96). All the deep vein thromboses discovered were in the popliteal area. No high risk group was found and there was found and there was no significant link with clinical signs or the level of D-Dimers. The cost of diagnosis and treatment in the particular conditions of our study were 5000 and 10,700 FRF respectively for each deep vein thrombosis diagnosed. The cost of diagnostic screening and treatment should be considered in light of the life expectancy and quality of life in this population. Thus in elderly institutionalized subjects, it would appear not to be reasonable to undertake systematic screening for venous thrombosis using echo-Doppler or D-Dimer assay.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Value of the study of total alkaline phosphatases and bone isoenzyme in a population of subjects with osteoporosis].

The authors have compared the values of total and bone serum alkaline phosphatases in an osteoporotic population and a control group. The total activity of alkaline phosphatases was determined by a kinetic method at 30 degrees C and alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis in presence or absence of wheat germ lectin. The authors have confirmed reported data concerning the physiological variations of alkaline phosphatases in the control group; they have therefore divided each group in several sub-populations according to age and sex in order to obtain accurate comparisons. Mean values of total and bone alkaline phosphatases were greater in the osteoporotic population than in the control group regardless of age or sex. Nevertheless, significant differences were obtained only with 50 to 75 year-old subjects (men or women) for total alkaline phosphatases and with 50 to 75 year-old women for bone alkaline phosphatase.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A multicenter clinical study of cefoperazone.

Thirty-five adult and 11 pediatric patients in nine Philippine hospitals were treated with cefoperazone for various moderate to severe infections. Adults received 1 to 8 gm/day and children received 0.450 to 4 gm/day in two divided doses, for a mean period of eight to nine days (ranges, 5 to 11 days for children and 5 to 30 days for adults). The efficacy rate (cured and improved) was 90.90% for pediatric patients and 85.72% for adult patients. In a group of patients shifted from other antibiotic regimens, efficacy rates were 100% for pediatric patients and 85% for adult patients treated with cefoperazone. No follow-up cultures were obtained from patients from whom 26 pathogens were isolated, but correlations between the isolates and clinical efficacy showed that cefoperazone had an efficacy rate of 92.3%.

Adolescent↗