Biomedical subjects
M Alkan
Publications and source records attributed to M Alkan.
Wound infection after simple suture at the emergency ward.
Of 386 consecutive patients whose wounds were sutured at the emergency ward of the Soroka Medical Center, 228 returned for a follow-up visit during which pus was observed in 40 sutured wounds. Most of the patients were males, 50% lived in the city, and 13% were Beduin. Fifty percent of the wounds were dressed prior to admission. All wounds were rinsed prior to suture, 78% in a cetrimide-chlorhexidine HC1 solution and in 71% an irrigation with a povidone-iodine solution was performed. The physicians who performed the procedure were graded by their medical experience; 43% of the sutures were performed by interns, 32% by junior residents, 19% by senior residents and 6% by a specialist. Silk thread was the most commonly used suture material (79%). Wounds were classified according to size, depth and state of the margins of the wound. It was noted whether an excision was performed and the type of treatment that was prescribed after the procedure. None of the above-mentioned criteria identified a group as high-risk. Experienced physicians sutured the more serious wounds, but their infection rate did not differ significantly from other physicians.
[Sensitivity patterns of enteropathogenic bacteria in the Negev].
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Emergence of resistance to antibiotics during an outbreak of hospital-acquired salmonellosis.
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Hydatid disease in man in the Negev region of Israel: a retrospective study of histologically proven cases 1970-1979.
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Adherence pharyngeal and skin strains of group A streptococci to human skin and oral epithelial cells.
Group A streptococci isolated from skin adhere in greater numbers to human skin epithelial cells than to cells obtained from buccal mucosa whereas streptococci isolated from a throat tend to adhere in greater numbers to buccal epithelial cells than to skin epithelial cells in vitro. M protein-producing strains of group A streptococci did not adhere in significantly greater numbers than M-negative strains. Lipoteichoic acid inhibited binding of streptococci to skin epithelial cells as well as was previously shown for oral epithelial cells. Our results suggest that lipoteichoic acid is more centrally involved than M protein in binding streptococci to skin and mucosal surfaces.
Anaphylactoid reaction and tissue damage following bite by Atractaspis engaddensis.
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Obstructive jaundice lipoprotein particles studied in ultrathin sections of livers of bile duct-ligated mice.
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[Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of the retroperitoneal region and mediastinum].
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Transfusion reactions due to bacterial contamination of blood and blood products.
Bacterial infections transmitted by blood or blood products, although rare, remain a serious threat to the recipient of a transfusion. We report on five cases of adverse reactions due to bacterial contamination of blood products, and we review 76 similar cases reported in the English-language literature. Most cases (70%) have been reported from the United States. Various sources of contamination have been suggested, including infection in the donor and invasion of the blood product during the process of collection, preparation, and storage. Frequent clinical manifestations are fever (80%), chills (53%), hypotension (37%), and nausea or vomiting (26%). The overall mortality is 35% (28 of 81 patients). In 38 patients (47%) the adverse reactions have appeared during transfusion; in the others the interval between completion of the transfusion and appearance of symptoms has ranged from 15 minutes to 17 days. A wide spectrum of bacteria have been implicated as causes of adverse reactions, with Pseudomonas species involved in 28% of episodes. Many such reactions are probably misdiagnosed or overlooked, the result being underestimation of the extent of the problem.
Potential use of tuftsin in treatment of candida peritonitis in a murine model.
A major complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is peritonitis caused by Candida albicans. Increasing the activity of the peritoneal macrophages, the predominant cell type found in the peritoneal cavity, may be a promising treatment for this infection. Tuftsin was found to increase thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophage activity. 2x10(-7) M tuftsin enhanced two-fold cell association with radiolabelled candida, superoxide aniom production, and killing activity. Thus, a model consisting of mice undergoing peritoneal dialysis was developed in order to study the use of tuftsin as a therapeutic drug against peritoneal candidiasis. Administration of tuftsin (50 micrograms/mouse) before candidiasis induction with a lethal dose of candida (7x10(8) candida per mouse) improved mouse survival up to 70%, compared with 10% in the control group. The potential of tuftsin as a treatment for candidiasis was shown when the infection was induced with a sublethal dose of candida. Daily intraperitoneal injections of tuftsin (50 micrograms) to the sublethally infected mice caused a significant decrease in the number of candida recovered from the peritoneal cavity and from the blood (from 700 +/- 190 to 110 +/- 26 CFU/ml and from 100 +/- 26 CFU/ml to 17 +/- 8 CFU/ml, respectively). In addition, a larger number of peritoneal macrophages with greater phagocytic and killing activity were found in the tuftsin-treated mice. The effect of tuftsin may promote its potential use in the therapy of peritonitis in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis.
Wernicke's encephalopathy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): a case report.
A 40-year-old male, with established AIDS developed cachexia and dementia. At autopsy opportunistic infections were found. An additional neuropathological finding was Wernicke's encephalopathy. Although malnutrition is common in AIDS patients, it seems that Wernicke's encephalopathy is rare in AIDS. Nevertheless, it is suggested that a therapeutic trial with parenteral thiamine may be useful in AIDS patients with amnestic syndrome and dementia.
[Direct labeling by means of 14N(n,p)14C: microbial production of radiochemical pure compounds with irradiated purine and benzimidazole bases (author's transl)].
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[Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of the retroperitoneal region and mediastinum].
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Health education for the Ethiopian community in the Negev.
The importance of health education as part of health enhancement programs is well accepted. The encounter with the Ethiopian Jews introduced a new set of problems, requiring a novel approach to old concepts. A project that was carried out during the last decade is presented. Three target populations were identified: the Ethiopian population with 851 participants, medical and community teams with 843 participants, and 138 Ethiopian instructors. An effort was made to make the interaction between these groups more coherent. The project included 65 series of activities: lectures, workshops, staff meetings and conferences. The major topics included medical, emotional, anthropological and behavioral issues. The project was initiated for immigrants of Operation Moses (1984-85), and reinforced in Operation Solomon (1991). A follow-up is presently underway to aid in the absorption of this unique community.