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M Almagro

Publications and source records attributed to M Almagro.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Metastatic tuberculous abscesses in an immunocompetent patient.

The decreased incidence of infectious diseases in developed countries may make their diagnosis difficult. Cutaneous tuberculosis is an example of this fact. A 44-year-old man presented with two painful abscesses on his lower extremities, which developed into chronic ulcers. A cutaneous biopsy revealed necrotizing granulomas in the dermis. Ziehl-Neelsen and periodic acid-Schiff stain were negative. Mantoux test was positive. Tc-99m scintigraphy showed increased uptake in the bone tissue of the left ankle and right tibiae, without direct relation to cutaneous lesions. Chest X-ray showed micronodular, apical, bilateral infiltrates, reduced volume of the right lung, and cavitation of the right superior lobe. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was grown from sputum and skin biopsy samples. Isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide treatment for 2 months, followed by isoniazid and rifampin for 12 months, resulted in complete resolution. The clinical features of cutaneous tuberculosis in our patient were characteristic of tuberculous abscesses. Some uncommon findings, such as the low number of lesions, negative acid-fast resistant stains in cutaneous biopsy samples and his preserved general state of health, may be explained by a higher competence of the immune system than is usual in this clinical subset of disseminated tuberculosis. Cutaneous tuberculosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous abscesses in immunocompetent patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Acne is not a stigma of HIV infection: a review of 36 patients.

INTRODUCTION: Several diseases with follicular occlusion have been described in HIV-infected patients and can appear isolated or associated with each other in an independent disease named 'HIV-associated follicular syndrome'. Worsening of cutaneous lesions during the course of infection in patients with previous acne vulgaris, late onset or severe forms of acne have been reported in HIV-infected patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study of 335 HIV-infected patients was performed in our hospital. A meticulous dermatological exploration in all patients was made, and multiple data were stored into a Microsoft Access 97 program. Patients diagnosed as having acne were considered separately, and we studied their characteristics. A statistical analysis with SPSS 9.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was performed. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients (10.8%) were diagnosed as having acne. Papulopustular lesions were the most frequent clinical presentation. Most lesions were localized on the face or on the back, and 80% of patients had mild to moderate acne; 40% of them required no treatment and the remainder was treated with topical measures, oral antibiotics and isotretinoin. 85% of cases reported the onset of acne during adolescence or before HIV infection and without any relationship with this disease. No relation between acne intensity and stage of HIV infection was observed. A multivariate analysis showed that the most important variable was age. DISCUSSION: In contrast to previous reports, no greater intensity or modifications in acne lesions were observed in our HIV-infected patients during the course of the disease. In the majority of cases, cutaneous lesions started before HIV infection, during adolescence, and the most important factor for suffering from acne was young age. In contrast to data reported in the literature, no relation of acne lesions to CD4 lymphocyte count or AIDS case criteria was found in our patients. CONCLUSIONS: Acne in HIV-infected patients has characteristics similar to those in non-HIV-infected patients. The age is the most important factor for the appearance of lesions that usually develop during adolescence. Acne lesions are not modified by HIV infection, and no relationship with the severity of HIV infection has been observed.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2003

Neutrophilic pustulosis and ulcerative colitis.

Neutrophilic pustulosis is currently considered as a part of the spectrum of Sweet's syndrome, and has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease and several other diseases. We report the case of a 34-year-old male who had been suffering from ulcerative colitis (UC) for several years and who experienced the manifestation of a pustular eruption on both forearms and the abdominal wall during an exacerbation of his bowel disease. Both processes were controlled with steroids per os. The histological picture showed an inflammatory infiltrate composed mainly of neutrophils with scattered neutrophilic epidermal abscesses. Certain distinct clinical and histological characteristics have been described as diagnostic of the pustular eruption of UC. This picture should be included in the spectrum of the neutrophilic dermatosis, in our case associated with an ulcerative colitis. This is a well documented clinical and histologic case report of a recognized association of inflammatory pustulosis in the course of ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Olmsted syndrome.

Olmsted syndrome is an uncommon inherited disorder of keratinization that presents mutilating palmoplantar keratoderma, perioral hyperkeratosis, leukokeratosis and alopecia. We report a case of this rare syndrome diagnosed in a 48-year-old woman and confirms the existence of a generalized abnormality in keratin expression. Immunoreactivity in our case suggests an abnormal expression of keratins 5 and 14 similar to the observed in other hyperproliferative disorders.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2001

Dermatomyositis and mucinosis.

BACKGROUND: Mucin deposition is a common feature in autoimmune collagen diseases including dermatomyositis. Nevertheless, clinical manifestations of mucinosis are uncommon in patients with dermatomyositis. Two cases of mucinosis associated with dermatomyositis are reported. PATIENTS: A 53-year-old woman presented with symmetrical plaques on the upper limbs formed by the coalescence of small, violaceous papules. In addition, she showed the typical cutaneous and muscle features of dermatomyositis. A 44-year-old woman with dermatomyositis of 5 years' evolution developed linear, flesh-colored papules across the flexural creases of her palms and fingers. RESULTS: Skin biopsy of the upper limb lesions in the first patient showed epidermal changes compatible with dermatomyositis and dermal mucin deposition. Histopathologic examination of the palmar lesions of the second patient showed less intense epidermal changes of dermatomyositis and dermal mucin deposition. CONCLUSIONS: Mucin deposition in patients with dermatomyositis may have an unusual clinical presentation, and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical cutaneous lesions in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Superficial white onychomycosis in a 3-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-infected child.

BACKGROUND: Superficial white onychomycosis is exceptional in children, although a few anecdotal cases have been reported in the literature. On the other hand, superficial white onychomycosis and proximal subungual onychomycosis, while unusual in the general population, often appear in adult human immunodeficiency virus (HlV)-infected persons. CASE REPORT: A 3-year-old girl with vertically acquired HIV-1 infection presented superficial white onychomycosis involving the second, third, fourth and fifth toes of her left foot, caused by Trichophyton rubrum. She was treated with topical amorolfine once a week, with a good response within 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: We report a case of superficial white onychomycosis associated with HIV infection in a 3-year-old girl. To our knowledge, this type of onychomycosis has not been previously reported in HIV-infected prepubertal children.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2000

[Dermatologic complications after heart transplantation: incidence and prognosis].

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to analyze the type, incidence, predisposing factors and prognosis of cutaneous complications (CC) occurring in heart transplant recipients (HTR). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out among 192 HTR with a survival > 1 month. The following variables were recorded: age, sex, place of residence, post-transplant diabetes, glucocorticoid dose, prophylaxis with acyclovir/itraconazole and CC. RESULTS: One hundred sixty three CC were diagnosed in 93 patients. The major types were infectious complications (n = 115; 70.5%) and tumors (n = 20; 12.3%). The most common infections were viral (herpes zoster; n = 22) and fungal (pityriasis versicolor; n = 53). Out the 20 tumors, 3 were malignant: 2 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 1 Kaposi sarcoma. None of the CC caused mortality or prolonged hospital stay. No relationship was found between CC and the variables studied. CONCLUSIONS: Skin infections were the most common CC in this cohort of HTR. The incidence of SCC was very low and its prognosis was good due to early diagnosis and surgical excision.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Systemic lupus erythematosus presenting with a reticular erythematous mucinosis-like condition.

We report the case of a woman with clinical and histopathological features of reticular erythematous mucinosis syndrome (REM) who six years later developed diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Two biopsies performed at the same area initially showed mucin dermal deposits and further development of characteristic dermo-epidermal changes of lupus erythematosus. Our findings suggest that SLE may present with an REM-like condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Nail alterations secondary to pactitaxel [corrected] therapy.

Docetaxel and pactitaxel [corrected] are the main drugs pertaining to the taxanes family. Nail alterations associated with docetaxel therapy are not a rare event, but they have rarely been reported secondary to paclitaxel therapy, probably because of its more recent use. We present two cases of onycholysis and nail discoloration secondary to paclitaxel therapy.

Aged↗