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Biomedical subjects

M Alund

Publications and source records attributed to M Alund.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Work-related chronic neck impairment. Neck motion analysis in female traverse crane operators.

Twenty-one female steel industry traverse crane operators with long-term sick-leave (3 (1-8) years) due to chronic neck disability underwent careful analysis of case history, physical status and electrogoniometric three-dimensional recordings of active neck motion. Results were compared with those from working female crane operators having identical work posture and tasks and, further, with a group of working female clerks. The sick-listed crane operators had previous frequent contacts with the primary health care because of complaints from the neck and back. In comparison with the reference groups, the sick-listed crane operators showed tenderness of the trapezius and levator scapulae muscles and a short neck stature in combination with impaired active neck motion range with reduced motion speed. The motion pattern was however unchanged. The findings are consistent with the clinical picture of chronic neck myalgia that persisted despite long-term absence from the previous exposure to high static work load upon the neck-shoulders.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Dynamic posturography in cervical vertigo.

Cervical vertigo, the entity of neck disorder and associated vestibular symptoms, was investigated in 15 suspected subjects and results were compared with 15 age-matched controls. A modified dynamic posturography investigation with different head positions was used. Head position was recorded 3-dimensionally with electrogoniometry. Differences on a sway-referenced forceplate were found.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Three-dimensional analysis of neck motion. A clinical method.

A clinical method is described for simultaneous recording of neck motion in three different planes using electrogoniometric equipment. Results correlated with those reported in the literature regarding separate examinations of the motion range in the separate planes. Correlation with conventional gravity goniometer was good as to flexion-extension and lateral flexion, whereas, for rotation, a compass goniometer showed poor correlation and, also, unsatisfactory reproducibility. The electrogoniometric recordings showed good correlation with radiographically determined flexion-extension occiput-C7 as well as lateral flexion C1-T1. Graphical recordings made in the three different planes demonstrated in detail the different movements that contribute to the complex motion pattern of the neck. This three-dimensional motion analysis affords a more objective functional evaluation of common neck disorders that may supplement radiographic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Realignment and surgical fixation of atlanto-axial and subaxial dislocations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

One hundred consecutive patients with atlanto-axial dislocation(s) were subjected to posterior occipito-cervical fusion and followed up to 16 1/2 years postoperatively (mean: 4 1/2 years). The mean age at surgery was 60.3 years. At the time of follow-up, 45 patients had died, mostly due to cardiopulmonary disease. Out of the 100 patients, 67% showed a major improvement and in an additional 14% there was a slight or moderate improvement. Some patients with a stable fusion later developed subaxial dislocation(s) necessitating an anterior fusion which in patients with RA is difficult due to poor bone quality. MRI revealed pannus formation around the odontoid peg in many patients, in several to such a degree that cord compression was evident. Following the posterior fixation, the pannus disappeared or was reduced which may at least partly explain the generally favourable operative outcome following the fixation procedure. Early occipito-cervical fusion appears to prevent further vertical dislocation or upwards migration of the odontoid which is a more severe condition, and does not appear to result in increased incidence of subsequent subaxial dislocation(s). Such luxation(s) pose a technically difficult problem since the quality of the patients' own bone usually does not permit a common anterior fusion procedure with autologous graft. In such cases with cord compression, acrylic cement may be used to obtain a normalized realignment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Depolarization-induced decreases in fluroescence intensity of gastro-intestinal quinacrine-binding nerves.

Quinacrine, a fluorescent antimalarial acridine derivative, selectively binds to a population of nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers in Auerbach's plexus and elsewhere in the gut. This quinacrine-binding, as measured by fluorescence intensity, is reduced if the nervous elements are depolarized by high K+ (80--150 MM) or veratridine (5 x 10(-5) M) during quinacrine incubation. A reduction of quinacrine-content in nerve terminals is also seen when depolarization (veratridine) takes place for 2 min after quinacrine-incubation, indicating a release of already bound quinacrine. If terminals are depolarized (high K+ or veratridine) before quinacrine incubation, a reduction of quinacrine content is also seen. The depolarization-induced reduction of quinacrine-binding is blocked by Ca2+-removal and, in the case of veratridine by tetrodotoxin. Our findings suggest that quinacrine binds to a compound that is released by nervous activity. Binding mechanism remains to be elucidated. The possibility that quinacrine visualized purine-rich structures is discussed.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1979

Quinacrine-binding nerves: presence in the mouse ano-coccygeus muscle, disappearance after muscle transsection.

The anococcygeus muscle exhibits non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic, inhibitory neurotransmission. In the present paper we describe the presence of quinacrine-binding beaded nerve fibres in the mouse anococcygeus muscle. A large number of fibres were running parallel to the smooth muscle bundles. A second distribution of fibres formed an irregular plexus. No quinacrine-binding nerve cell bodies were found within the muscle. When the anococcygeus muscle was cut close to its insertion in the rectum, the proximal part lost most of its quinacrine-binding nerves 2-7 days after transsection. The results demonstrate a correlation between presumed non-cholinergic non-adrenergic neurotransmission and quinacrine-binding nervous elements.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1978

Semiquantitative estimations of quinacrine fluorescence in intestinal nerve fibres.

Quinacrine has been shown to bind selectively to a population of nerves and ganglion cells in the mouse, rat and guinea-pig gut. In the present report a method for semiquantitation of nervous quinacrine contents using semiquantitative estimations of fluorescence intensity and nerve fibre density is presented and evaluated. Estimation of fluorescence intensity and nerve fibre density is based on a scale with eleven steps from 0 to 5. Preparations were incubated in 14C-labelled quinacrine hydrochloride. Reliability of the scale was expressed as the correlation coefficient between two consecutive blind estimations of the same preparations with recoding and remixing specimens in between. This correlation was found to be 0.95 or higher. Validity was expressed as the correlation between the semiquantitative estimations and 14C-quinacrine uptake measurements into the same specimens. Also this correlation was found to be strongly positive. It was concluded that nervous quinacrine content and amount of quinacrine binding nerves can be reliably estimated by fluorescence microscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Locus coeruleus fibre growth in oculo induced by trigeminotomy.

Locus coeruleus from fetal donors was homologously grafted to the anterior eye chambers of adult rats whose eyes were sympathetically denervated. After intraocular maturation, outgrowth of noradrenaline-containing fibres from the locus coeruleus neurons on the host iris was studied by Falck--Hillarp fluorescence histochemistry. In control animals locus coeruleus grafts produce a halo of noradrenaline-containing nerve fibres around the graft, covering approximately one third of the surface of the host iris. Sensory denervation of host eyes carrying maturated locus coeruleus grafts was produced by intracranial lesions of the trigeminal nerve. Such lesions induced a rapid growth response in the grafted locus coeruleus neurons, leading within three weeks to complete innervation of the host iris. It was concluded that removal of non-sympathetic, non-parasympathetic nerve fibres on the host iris elicits a strong fibre-growth response in the grafted locus coeruleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Surgical complications after radiation therapy for carcinoma of the breast.

Surgical complications were studied randomly in 137 women with operable carcinoma of the breast, receiving preoperative irradiation or no preoperative irradiation. Wound infections and severe seromas are shown to be more frequent in patients in the irradiated group. On the whole, radiation induced complications were mild and easily manageable.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Fluorescence-microscopical demonstration of a population of gastro-intestinal nerve fibres with a selective affinity for quinacrine.

A population of nerve fibres in the gastro-intestinal tract of mice showing a high affinity for quinacrine was revealed by fluorescence microscopy. Similar results were obtained in rats and guinea pigs. Whole-mounts of sheets of the smooth muscle layer following incubation in 10(-6)-10(-7) M quinacrine for 15-60 min revealed fine fluorescent varicose nerve fibers in the myenteric plexus of Auerbach both around nerve cell bodies and in the interconnecting strands. Many fibers were also present between the strands of the plexus, especially running parallel to the circular muscle layer. Such fibers were not seen in similarly quinacrine-incubated irides. A proportion of the cell bodies in Auerbach's plexus also showed quinacrine accumulation. These cells were apparently smaller neurons, sometimes with fluorescent processes. Intraperitoneal injections of quinacrine failed to demonstrate nerve fibers, but some cell bodies in Auerbach's plexus were positive. Subsequent paraformaldehyde treatment for monoamine visualization showed persistent adrenergic nerve terminals in the intestine and iris. These nerves seemed to be fewer and had a more yellow fluorescence than normally. The identity of the quinacrine-positive fibers is discussed with respect to recent suggestions that "purinergic", substance P, enkephalin, and somatosin-containing nerves, in addition to adrenergic and cholinergic nerves, are present in the gut wall.

Animals↗