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Biomedical subjects

M Amamou

Publications and source records attributed to M Amamou.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Artificial enteral nutrition. Overview of the technics and their applications].

In intensive care it is usual to give from between 3000 and 4500 calories. It seems that an intake of 1 gram of nitrogen for 150 to 200 calories from a non-protein source allows the optimal utilization of nitrogen. The advances made in the manufacture of nutritional mixtures and the techniques of administration often allow high calorie/protein intakes by the oral route alone. Small calibre silicone tubes which are perfectly tolerated are now available. They avoid naso-pharyngeal, oesophageal and pulmonary complications, and there is no reflux. Continuous oral feeding usually given by a pump improves gastric tolerance, reduces the digestive secretions, and slows down the intestinal transit. Digestion and absorption are improved. This technique, as well as the new tubes, allows comatose patients to be fed without any risk. The use of refrigerated nutripompes avoids bacterial proliferation in the nutritional liquid, which can affect digestion. Furthermore these pumps reduce the work of the nurse. Various nutritional mixtures allow a high calorie intake despite the abnormal digestion in the patient. Complications of oral feeding are rare. Reactions of intolerance and the respiratory risks have been considerably reduced. Metabolic disorders can be easily avoided. Diarrhoea is the result either of bacterial proliferation or an error in administration. These complications are definitely less frequent and less serious than those of feeding by the intravenous route, and the precautions to be taken are much simpler. The method is also cheaper.

Avitaminosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Graded classification of acute chloralose poisoning. 509 cases].

OBJECTIVE: The annual incidence of chloralose poisoning has exceeded 3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in Tunisia since 1997. The purpose of this study was to analyze clinical features of chloralose poisoning. METHODS: We reviewed patients admitted to the intensive care unit during the last 5 years to search for chloralose poisoning. The identified cases were classed into 5 grades by clinical features: depth of coma, characteristics of the myoclonia, and cerebral trunk reflex response. RESULTS: We identified 509 cases of chloralose poisoning over the last 5 years. Seventy-five patients (14.7%) were in grade 1: drowsiness alone. Four hundred ten patients (80.8%) were in grades 2 and 3: hypertonic coma and myoclonus. The clinical course was favorable after sedation, tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Twenty-three patients (4.6%) were in grades 4 and 5: hypertonic coma (Glasgow coma score = 3). Three of them died. CONCLUSION: The clinical features of chloralose poisoning depend on the ingested dose. Despite the gravity of the initial clinical presentation, prognosis is excellent if symptomatic treatment is given early, even in grade 5 cases which simulate brain death.

Acute Disease↗