Ten speakers with tracheoesophageal shunts were subjected to aerodynamic investigation. Measurements were made of tracheal pressure, airflow rate, and intensity and fundamental frequency of voice. Airway resistance, pulmonary power, acoustic power, and efficiency of voice were calculated from the data. It was found that intensity and airflow rate showed a tendency to augment with increased tracheal pressure, while fundamental frequency remained almost unchanged as tracheal pressure increased. Airway resistance of the tracheoesophageal speakers ranged from about 100 to 1,200 dyne s/cm5 and tracheal pressure ranged from 12 to 80 cm of water, while efficiency of voice ranged from 0.3 X 10(-4) to 6.5 X 10(-4). These results revealed that compared to the normal larynx, efficiency of voice was approximately the same, although airway resistance and tracheal pressure were substantially greater.

Esophagus↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary tracheoesophageal shunt operation for postlaryngectomy speech with sphincter mechanism.

This paper describes a primary voice restoration technique designed to eliminate the problem of aspiration commonly encountered in rehabilitation procedures following laryngectomy. This technique, utilized in 16 patients, consists of a unique combination of tracheal flap for voice production and bilateral esophageal constrictor muscle flaps to prevent aspiration. Fourteen patients developed satisfactory tracheoesophageal speech; of them 12 had normal deglutition without problems of aspiration. On radiographic examination, the bilateral esophageal muscle flaps, in combination with the dilatation and elevation of the cervical esophagus, provide a sphincter mechanism that prevents tracheal reflux during deglutition.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A contribution to the mechanism of vestibular nystagmus. The role of afferent impulses.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Action Potentials↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Radiotherapy of T1 and T2 glottic cancer: analysis of anterior commissure involvement.

From January 1984 to December 1993, 184 patients with previously untreated T1 and T2 (UICC 1987) laryngeal glottic cancer underwent radiotherapy at Hyogo Medical Center for Adults. The prognostic variables analyzed included sex, age, smoking index, T stage, tumor size, tumor type, gross anterior commissure involvement (gross ACI), histological differentiation, administered dose, TDF, overall treatment time, chemotherapy, initial response, and the dose required to achieve CR. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. The T stage, tumor size, and gross ACI were significant variables in univariate analysis, while the tumor type and gross ACI were significant on multivariate analysis. The 5-year recurrence-free survival of patients with gross ACI was significantly worse than that of those without ACI (57.6% vs. 89.9%). Among gross ACI patients, the recurrence-free survival of those treated with 70-72 Gy was superior to that of those receiving 60-62 Gy, suggesting that at least 70 Gy was necessary to control such diseases.

Adult↗