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Biomedical subjects

M Amitai

Publications and source records attributed to M Amitai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Abdominal CT findings in nephropathic amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever.

To evaluate the abdominal CT features of reactive amyloidosis, abdominal CT scans of 20 patients with amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) were reviewed and compared with abdominal CT scans of 2 control groups: 22 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) due to non-amyloidotic kidney diseases and 40 patients with normal kidney function. The kidney size of patients with amyloidosis of FMF were found to vary during the course of the disease from normal or slightly larger than normal at the proteinuric phase, to smaller than normal and comparable to kidney size in CRF, at the uremic stage. Compared to kidney disease of other causes, more patients with FMF-amyloidosis had dense kidneys with coarse parenchymal calcification and calcification in other abdominal organs. Patients with FMF-amyloidosis had fewer aortic calcifications than patients with non-amyloidotic kidney disease. These findings suggest that kidney disease of reactive amyloidosis may have abdominal CT findings distinguishing it from other types of kidney diseases.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

Bezoars in the stomach and small bowel--CT appearance.

AIM: The aim of this study was to present the computed tomography (CT) appearance of trichobezoars, phytobezoars and other unusual ingested material. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients diagnosed on CT with bezoars in the stomach or small intestine were reviewed with special attention on the characteristics of the intraluminal mass and the presence of proximal dilatation. RESULTS: There were six women and one man aged 14-81 years. CT was performed because of abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass. In none of the cases was the diagnosis suspected clinically. Four patients had a trichobezoar occupying the entire lumen of the stomach. It appeared as a concentric inhomogeneous mass with entrapped air, surrounded by contrast material. In the other three patients the bezoar was confined to the small intestine and was composed respectively of vegetable fibres, ingested toilet paper and an olive stone. The first two had a mottled appearance whereas the last one was small, spherical and well defined. Variable proximal dilatation of the small bowel was present in all three. CONCLUSION: With the increased use of CT in the evaluation of patients with non-specific abdominal pain, it is important to recognize the CT appearance of bezoars, as this diagnosis is often not suspected clinically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Intussusception in adults: CT diagnosis.

PURPOSE: Intussusception in adults is nowadays usually diagnosed on computed tomography (CT), as CT is often the first modality for the investigation of prolonged abdominal pain from which these patients suffer. We wish to present the CT, clinical and pathological findings of 16 adult patients with intussusception seen over a 5-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The abdominal scans of 16 patients with intussusception were reviewed. Special attention was directed to the location of the mass, its shape and fat content, possible underlying pathology and dilatation of the bowel proximally. The findings were correlated with clinical and pathological data. RESULTS: Eight men and eight women, aged 34-81 years, were studied. The most frequent indication for CT was prolonged abdominal pain. CT findings included an inhomogeneous soft tissue mass, target or sausage-shaped, depending on the angle of the CT beam vs. the intussusception, with a fatty component in 14 of the 16. Intussusception was enteroenteric (six), ileocolic (three), or colocolic (seven). Complete small bowel obstruction was present only in one case and some bowel dilatation in three. The underlying pathology could be diagnosed on CT in only two cases of lipoma. Nine patients had an underlying malignant process, eight of them unsuspected. Of the other five, two had coeliac disease, two were classified as idiopathic and one had a necrotic polyp of undetermined pathology. CONCLUSION: Intussusception on CT presented a characteristic mass lesion containing fat stripes in almost all patients. Obstruction was rarely seen. Malignant lesions were the most common cause and therefore early diagnosis and prompt intervention are essential.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1998

Calcification in untreated non-Hodgkin's mediastinal lymphoma.

We report a case of calcifications in mediastinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Although calcification may occur in lymphoma after chemotherapy or radiotherapy in areas of fibrous healing and scar formation, it has been reported only rarely in untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

CT angiography of superior mesenteric artery syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the use of CT angiography and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction in the diagnosis of superior mesenteric artery syndrome in three patients. CONCLUSION: CT angiography combined with 3D reconstructions is a noninvasive technique that may have a complementary diagnostic role similar to that of angiography in patients with a classic clinical presentation suggestive of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. CT angiography combined with 3D reconstructions should be considered in patients who might otherwise require angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Failure of early postnatal dexamethasone to prevent chronic lung disease in infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of early postnatal dexamethasone (days 1-3) on the incidence and severity of chronic lung disease in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. METHODS: A multicentre, randomised, placebo controlled, blinded study was carried out in 18 neonatal intensive care units in Israel. The primary outcome measure was survival to discharge without requirement for supplemental oxygen therapy beyond 28 days of life. The secondary outcome measures were requirement for mechanical ventilation at 3 and 7 days, duration of ventilation or oxygen therapy, need for subsequent steroids for established chronic lung disease and incidence of major morbidities. RESULTS: The study consisted of 248 infants (dexamethasone n = 132; placebo n = 116). No differences were found in the outcome variables except for a reduction in requirement for mechanical ventilation at age 3 days in treated infants (dexamethasone 44%, placebo 67%; P = 0.001). Gastrointestinal haemorrhage, hypertension, and hyperglycaemia were more common in treated infants, but no life threatening complications, such as gastrointestinal perforation, were encountered. CONCLUSIONS: These data do no support the routine use of early postnatal steroids, but may justify further study in a selected, high risk group of infants.

Birth Weight↗