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Biomedical subjects

M Andreeva

Publications and source records attributed to M Andreeva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Comparative diagnostic characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)].

The aim of the study was to compare the information provided by both fasting and stimulated during a standard oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) levels of glucose and insulin as regards glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Few criteria are used in practice to verify insulin resistance in PCOS--elevated fasting insulin, decreased basal glucose/insulin ratio (< 6 for glucose in mg/dl or < 0.333 for glucose in mmol/l), insulin increase of more than 100 lul during an oGTT, and HOMA index > 2. The study comprised of 94 women (mean age 21.8 +/- 5 = 8 ys, mean BMI-30.38 +/- 7 = 7 kg/m2), divided in 4 groups according to BMI--group with BMI < 25, n = 21; group with BMI25-30, n = 27; group with BMI = 30-35, n = 23 and group with BMI > 35, n = 23. An oGTT with parallel determination of blood glucose and insulin was performed in all patients. The ratio basal glucose/insulin and HOMA index were calculated. Glucose levels on the 2 md hour during the oGTT pointed at IGT (impaired glucose tolerance) and/or diabetes in 8.5% of the investigated patients while the fasting levels indicated disturbances in only 2.2% of them. Fasting insulin levels were in the normal range in a considerable part of PCOSE women, mainly those with normal weight, and were not predictive for the response of insulin to glucose load. Relative percent of patients with elevated fasting insulin rose with the increasing of BMI. Decreased glucose/insulin ratio, elevated HOMA index, and abnormal stimulation of insulin were seen in more than 2/3 of the PCOS women including nonobese ones. Information provided by the above three markers was similar and they could be used alternatively according to the particular case and assessment of the cost/benefit ratio.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Ectopic ACTH-syndrome due to ovarian carcinoma.

The case of a 60-year-old female with severe and rapidly progressing Cushing's syndrome with fatal consequences is described. Both the clinical and the biochemical findings were consistent with ectopic ACTH production. A computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed intact pituitary and enlarged adrenal glands. Liver metastases were seen but the primary neoplasm was not found. Treatment with aminoglutethimide and other therapeutic measures were unsuccessful. A carcinoma of the right ovary was discovered on autopsy. The tumour cells showed immunoreactivity for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), ACTH and beta-endorphin with differing degree of intensity.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗
PubMed1997

A simple and reliable reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure for determination of paclitaxel (taxol) in human serum.

A simple, fast, and reliable isocratic (mobile phase: acetonitrile/methanol/water [48/11/41], reverse-phase (C18 column) high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of paclitaxel concentration in human serum is presented. The procedure uses a new and convenient one-step sample-purification procedure that requires only 400 microliters of sample and uses N-heptylbenzamide as an internal standard. Paclitaxel is detected by UV absorbance measurement at 227 nm. The method has a broad linear range (0.01 to 10 mg/l, or 0.012 to 11.7 mumol/l; r > 0.999), and the detection limit is 0.01 mg/l (0.012 mumol/l). The deviation from target value is < or = 1.5%, and coefficients of variation are < or = 13.8% within runs and < or = 15.3% between runs. Recovery paclitaxel is > or = 92.6%. No interferences were observed from endogenous compounds or from more than 30 drugs that may be administered with paclitaxel. Docetaxel, which is not concurrently administered, coeluted with paclitaxel. Compared with previously published high-performance liquid chromatography procedures for the determination of paclitaxel, the particular advantage of the method presented here is its simple and rapid single-step sample-purification procedure, which makes a high recovery of paclitaxel from serum samples possible and results in a pure extract, avoiding interferences from endogenous compounds. The method is suitable for pharmacological studies and routine analysis.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1996

Effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone on ACTH, cortisol and 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin E2 in patients with diabetes insipidus before and after captopril treatment.

A corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test was performed on 7 patients with central diabetes insipidus (DI) and on 7 healthy subjects. The test was repeated on the patients with DI after 3 days of oral treatment with captopril at a dose of 100 mg daily. No significant difference in the responses of plasma ACTH and cortisol to CRH between the patients and the controls was found. The short-term captopril treatment resulted in a significant decrease of both basal and CRH-stimulated ACTH and cortisol levels in the patients with DI. CRH did not induce any changes in the stable metabolite of prostaglandin E2 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E2 (PGE2-M) in the patients with DI before or after the captopril treatment. The results obtained suggest that vasopressin is not an obligatory factor for a normal ACTH response to CRH. Angiotensin II (A II) is involved in the regulation of ACTH. This study confirmed our previous data showing the lack of any specific effect of CRH on PGE2 production.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1996

Aldosterone response to metoclopramide in patients with prolactinoma: effect of short-term bromocriptine treatment.

The acute effect of 10 mg metoclopramide i.v. on prolactin and aldosterone levels was studied in 8 women with prolactinoma and 8 normal women. The prolactin response to metoclopramide was blunted in hyperprolactinemic patients in comparison with controls. Metoclopramide induced similar aldosterone increases in patients and controls, but hyperprolactinemic women showed a more sustained aldosterone response. Bromocriptine treatment (10 mg daily p.o. for 5 days) in patients with prolactinoma completely suppressed the prolactin response to metoclopramide and the aldosterone response curve was very similar to that of controls. The results did not exclude some degree of suppression of aldosterone in response to bromocriptine.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intranuclear compartmentalization of transcribed and nontranscribed c-myc sequences in Namalva-S cells.

This investigation is centered on the intranuclear localization of transcribed and nontranscribed c-myc sequences in human Namalva-S cells bearing t(8;14) translocation. Southern hybridization showed that the breakpoint in the truncated allele of c-myc lies outside the characteristic 12.8-kbp EcoRI fragment: as Northern analysis indicated, this reorganization induces a high level of c-myc transcription. Following high-salt treatment, EcoRI digestion and centrifugation, isolated nuclei from the same cells are separated into two residual fractions: a heavier P fraction including nuclear matrix structures and a light S fraction representing dehistonized chromatin fibres. Comparative hybridization experiments revealed that the above procedure separates the c-myc sequences between the two fractions. To locate the site of intranuclear c-myc transcription, we performed run-on experiments with two fractions, topologically analogous to the residual P and S fractions but maintaining the original chromatin organization. These experiments indicated that chromatin P fraction harbours actively transcribed c-myc sequences while chromatin S harbours nontranscribed ones. Further experiments have clarified that the transcribed c-myc sequences are firmly bound to the matrix by multiple attachment sites, arranged throughout the entire gene locus. It was found, moreover, that at the site of attachment the interaction between DNA and the matrix components is realized via proteins. Controls with the beta-globin gene, which is constitutively nonexpressed in Namalva-S cells but upon induction is highly expressed in murine erythroleukemia cells, completely confirmed the conclusion we had made for the intranuclear localization of c-myc. Thus the experiments presented here support the more common idea that the transcribed and nontranscribed sequences are precisely compartmentalized.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A clinicomorphological study of pituitary tumors associated with the clinical syndrome of acromegaly.

Transsphenoidal adenomectomy was done on 125 acromegalics. A clinicomorphological study was performed on 113 of these patients. The distribution of morphological types of tumors was similar in both sexes. In the total group it was: sparsely granulated GH cell adenomas 52.8%, densely granulated 25.7%, mixed somatotroph and lactotroph adenomas 15.9%, plurihormonal adenomas 1.8%, acidophil stem cell adenomas 2.6%, and oncocytoma 1.8%. The GH plasma level in male patients was significantly higher than in female patients. In both sexes GH secretion was highest in patients with mixed GH and PRL cell adenomas followed by patients with densely granulated GH cell adenomas. Plasma PRL levels were significantly elevated in all males, except for those with densely granulated GH adenomas where prolactinemia was normal. The mean plasma PRL levels were also elevated in females with highest values in mixed somatotroph and lactotroph adenomas. The PRL levels in female patients with densely granulated GH cell adenomas are more elevated than in female patients with sparsely granulated GH cell adenomas.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1991

[Endocrine changes in males with anorexia nervosa: 2 of the authors' own cases].

Two men with nervous anorexia were fully investigated and the results were compared with those of 15 healthy men and 19 women with the same disease. A similarity of the hormonal changes in both sexes concerning the somatotropic hormone, thyroid and cortico-suprarenal axis was established. A difference was found between the women and the two men concerning the gonadotropic hormones which in the men showed a well expressed reaction to gonadoliberin with an early maximum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Effect of sodium depletion on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and renal prostaglandins in acromegalic patients.

The effects of 5 days low sodium diet and diuretic were studied in 7 normotensive acromegalics, 8 hypertensive acromegalics and 12 normal subjects. Plasma renin activity was significantly lower in both groups acromegalics, compared with that of normal subjects. Plasma aldosterone was similar in normotensive acromegalics and healthy controls. The hypertensive acromegalics showed increased plasma aldosterone levels and blunted responses of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone to sodium depletion. Urinary prostaglandin E2 was significantly lower in hypertensive acromegalics before and after sodium depletion in comparison with normal subjects. Urinary 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 were similar in all groups studied. The decreased production of PGE2 could contribute to the development of arterial hypertension in actomegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1990

DNA-RNA complexes that might represent transient attachment sites of nuclear DNA to the matrix.

In this study we describe DNA-RNA complexes in matrix DNA of Friend cells. The presence of such unusual structures is confirmed by the following evidence. When a preparation of matrix DNA is electrophoresed in agarose an RNA component always migrates together with DNA. There should be a close interaction between DNA and RNA in such a preparation because the presence of the RNA component causes resistance of DNA to DNase I and Exo III. An intimate, hybrid-type association of part of the RNA component with DNA is indicated also by the fact that about 20% of this RNA is sensitive to RNase H. By specific inhibition of the RNA synthesis with alpha-amanitin and actinomycin D it was shown that the bulk of associated RNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase III. Hybridization experiments showed similarity between the DNA sequences isolated from the complexes and those from the base of dehistonized DNA loops obtained by high-salt extraction of nuclei. This observation suggests that the complexes might represent attachment sites of nuclear DNA to the matrix: possibly, the attachment is mediated via the RNA component. Experiments with induction of erythroid differentiation indicated that a profound reorganization of the nucleus, accompanying terminal differentiation, leads to a striking reduction in the number of complexes and thus in the number of attachment sites. This suggests that the complexes should function as transient attachment sites.

Amanitins↗
PubMed1990

[Calcium-phosphorus metabolism and calcitrophic hormones in patients with active acromegaly with and without osteoporosis].

Calcium-phosphor metabolism was studied in patients with active acromegaly with or without osteoporosis, mean age 45.2 +/- 11.4 years and mean duration of the basic disease 5.52 +/- 3.6 years. No significant deviations and no direct relation with the high serum growth hormone and prolactin levels were found. The normal basic secretion of the calcitrophic hormones--parathyroid hormone and calcitonin and their normal response to the hypercalcemia after intravenous calcium load of the patients with and without osteoporosis reject their direct participation in the pathogenesis of osteopenia. The changed skeletal sensitivity to calcitrophic hormones closely connected with the patients' age and the duration of the basic disease in combination with many other factors probably plays a major role in the pathogenesis of osteopenia.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1990

[Cushing's syndrome resulting from ectopic hormonal secretion].

A case of a 29 year old man with typical picture of Cushing's syndrome is presented: pronounced hypodynamics, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, transitory psychic disorders, severe hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypercorticism, disturbed 24 h rhythm of cortisol secretion, high serum ACTH level. The treatment with steroidogenesis blockers (Metyrapone, o,p'DDD) led to a limited improvement. The well expressed organic changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and pulmonary thromboembolism led to a fatal outcome. The post mortem examination revealed a pancreatic tumor 30/30 mm in size (histologically carcinoid) and enlarged hypophyseal gland with oxyphil cell hyperplasia. The electron microscopic examination found secretory granules in the pancreatic tumor cells. Concurrent ectopic secretion of ACTH by the oxyphil tumor cells is discussed.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of patients with postmenopausal and steroid-induced osteoporosis using sodium fluoride combined with vitamin D2 and calcium gluconate].

9 patients with postmenopausal and 5 patients with steroid-induced osteoporosis, mean age 57.9 +/- 7.76 years, were treated in the course of one year with sodium fluoride (Fluosen) in a dose of 45 mg/24 h in combination with calcium gluconate (2 g/24 h) and oil solution of vit D2 (2 mg/week). In the course of the treatment a considerable easing of the pains in the most affected parts of the skeleton was found and the height remained at the same level before and after the treatment. This correlates with the statistically significant increase of the serum levels of the total alkaline phosphatase and its bone isoenzyme by keeping a normal kalium phosphorous balance as well as with the x-ray data for retaining the bone changes liked with the osteoporosis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1990

[Acromegaly and pregnancy].

Pregnancy in women with acromegaly is very rare. The introduction of dopaminergic treatment revealed new possibilities for conception. Four acromegalic women who conceived during a course of bromcryptin treatment and after an unsuccessful transsphenoidal adenectomy are presented. Two of the women have given birth to a normal child, the third woman aborted willfully and the delivery of the fourth woman is forthcoming. Bromcyptin was given during the whole course of pregnancy in progressively increasing doses up to 15 mg daily according to the increased levels of the somatotrophic hormone (STH). The action of bromcryptin on some hormones of the mother and the child is discussed. The mother's serum STH level increased in the course of the pregnancy progressively despite the treatment and fell after the delivery while the child's STH levels were normal.

Abortion, Induced↗