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Biomedical subjects

M Andreoni

Publications and source records attributed to M Andreoni.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Antibody response to trivalent anti-influenza vaccination (inactivated virus) A/Texas/1/77 H3N2), A/URSS/90/77 (H1N1), B/Hong Kong/8/73].

Seventy-five young recruits received an intramuscular dose of anti-influenza virus vaccine containing 300 U.I. of A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2), A/URSS/90/77 (H1N1), B/Hong Kong/8/73 strains. Antibody responses were detected by HI and SRH tests: immunogenicity of the preparation was different for the individual vaccine strain in spite of the similar amount of antigenic content, and the immunity conferred by vaccine strains did not significantly extend to new influenza virus strains which prevailed in 1979/80 winter season with the exception for A/Brazil/11/78 (H1N1).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Antibody response to an anti-influenza vaccine of inactivated whole virus, titrated in micrograms, used in the 1980/81 season].

Antibody response of 68 healthy young-adult volunteers to A/Bangkok/1/79 (H3N2), A/Brazil/11/78 (H1N1), B/Singapore/222/79 trivalent anti-influenza virus vaccine was studied by haemagglutination inhibition and single radial haemolysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that immunogenicity of the individual components of the vaccine (10 micrograms each) varied significantly, the highest frequence of antibody response occurring for A/Brazil influenza virus strain and the lowest for B/Singapore.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Single radial haemolysis for rubella antibody screening.

The single radial haemolysis technique was employed for the detection of rubella antibodies. By using this technique, as compared with the conventional haemagglutination-inhibition test on the same serum samples, it was observed that the single radial haemolysis technique supplies a reliable method for large rubella antibody screening.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

[Seroepidemiology of rubella in Rome (1972-1978)].

Data on hemoagglutination inhibition (HI) tests for rubella immunity which were performed in our laboratory since 1972, are reported. The results obtained on sera from healthy young women indicate a significant decrease of incidence of sero-negatives in 1978 as compared with previous years. The incidence of high titer-positive sera and the geometric mean titer of HI antibody were significantly greater in 1973 and 1978 than in the remaining years; a greater number of case reports to Public Health Authorities occurred in Rome during these two years. The data are also discussed in relationship with vaccination program.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical picture of Reye's syndrome in an adult].

The case of a young man of 20 who, after aspecific prodromic symptomatology of viral type, presented a clinical picture characterised by encephalitis and hepatitis classifiable in Reye's syndrome is reported. Bioenzymatic data and therapeutic outlook are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Protection from natural infection after live influenza virus immunization in an open population.

Live attenuated influenza vaccine containing the recombinant of A/Victoria/3/75 with A/PR/8/34 virus was administered to healthy adults in a field trial aimed at evaluating protection provided by immunization. The study was designed to measure the effect of vaccination on absenteeism from respiratory disease during a natural influenza epidemic. A total of 2115 male employees of the public transport service of Rome volunteered to participate in the trial, 1050 and 1065 receiving vaccine and placebo respectively, in a randomized blind fashion. Vaccination procedure was completed by the end of December 1976. A small-sized outbreak of influenza, due to a viral strain antigenically homologous to the vaccine, occurred during the month of February 1977. Analysis of absenteeism data, classified according to medical certificate, indicated that morbidity from respiratory disease was reduced in vaccinees compared with controls during the epidemic month; the rate of increase of morbidity compared with that of the preceding month was then three times lower in vaccinees than in controls and the difference in absenteeism between the two groups greatly exceeded the ordinary fluctuation that was observed during non-epidemic periods.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two-year surveillance on fluconazole susceptibility of Candida spp isolates in a general and university hospital in Rome.

Fluconazole susceptibility was tested in 385 clinical yeast isolates (285 Candida albicans, 38 C. glabrata, 31 C. tropicalis, 31 other Candida subsp.) using the agar disk diffusion test. Yeasts were collected from specimens obtained from outpatients (69) and inpatients (intensive care unit: 79 isolates, major burn unit: 31 isolates, hematology ward: 45 isolates, gynecology ward: 67 isolates, other wards: 94 isolates). Three hundred and fifty-six (92%) yeast isolates showed to be susceptible, 18 (5%) were susceptible dose-dependent, and 10 (3%) were resistant to fluconazole. Of the resistant group, 3 isolates were C.albicans, while seven were Candida non-albicans (2 C. rugosa, 2 C. humicola, 1 C. tropicalis, 1 C. ciferrii, 1 C. glabrata). The disk-diffusion method was easy to perform and there were no difficulties in the interpretation of inhibition zone diameters. Fluconazole maintained a good activity against Candida spp despite its extensive use for the prophylaxis and treatment of fungal infections.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro activity of a new antibacterial drug, trospectomycin sulphate (U-63,366F), against Bacteroides strains isolated from the vagina.

The antibacterial activity of trospectomycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, imipenem, cefoxitin, and piperacillin was tested against 72 Bacteroides spp. strains isolated from the vagina of women with vaginitis by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration using the agar dilution method. Trospectomycin shows a good activity which is comparable to that of imipenem and metronidazole. Its expanded spectrum of activity makes trospectomycin suitable for the use in single-drug therapy of pelvic infections in women.

Bacteroides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antiviral potency of HAART regimens and clinical success are not strictly coupled in real life conditions: evidence from the MASTER-1 study.

PURPOSE: To compare in a real clinical setting the largely unknown midterm clinical effectiveness of two protease inhibitor (PI)-based highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens with different potency and tolerability profiles in naïve patients. METHOD: This study was a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial in naïve patients with less than 400 CD4+ cell count/microL, regardless of viral load. Treatment arms were hard gel capsule saquinavir (HGC-SQV)-based HAART (Arm A), with an expected more favorable tolerability profile, and indinavir (IDV)-based HAART (Arm B), with more potent virologic activity. While viro-immunological surrogate markers and World Health Organization (WHO) grade III toxicity (secondary endpoints) were regularly monitored, primary endpoints of the study were clinical and defined as any AIDS-defining event, AIDS-related death, WHO grade IV toxicity, drop outs, and protocol violations. RESULTS: 262 consecutive patients were enrolled in the study from March 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997, in 24 different Italian clinical centers (132, Arm A; 130, Arm B). After 24 months of follow-up, patients who were enrolled in Arm B showed a significantly higher rate of virological success (75% had viremia below 500 copies/mL, CI = 12.9%, in the on-treatment analysis) and immunological gain (mean CD4+ cell count increase of 274 CD4+ cells/microL, SD = 234) when compared to patients enrolled in arm A (57%, CI = 15.5% and 223 CD4+ cells/microL, SD = 192; p =.0353 and.026, respectively). Despite the significant difference observed in surrogate markers, the number of total primary endpoints did not differ in the two groups (55 out of 132 in Arm A vs. 58 out of 130 person-years in Arm B; p =.86). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that, after 24 months of follow-up in a real clinical setting, a PI-based HAART induces significant clinical benefits in naïve patients even in the absence of a complete suppression of viral replication. However, the long-term clinical impact of the possible accumulation of viral mutations in the presence of low-grade viral replication remains to be elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human herpesvirus-8 and other viral infections, Papua New Guinea.

We studied residents of remote villages and the capital (Port Moresby) of Papua New Guinea to determine the distribution of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection. Our data suggest that HHV-8 has been endemic on the island for a long time and that the epidemiologic pattern of HHV-8 is more similar to that of herpes simplex virus-2 than hepatitis C virus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Five human immunodeficiency virus type 1 phenotypic variants with different MT-2 cell tropisms correlate with prognostic markers of disease.

OBJECTIVES: We correlated virologic and immunologic parameters of disease progression with cytopathogenicity of HIV isolates. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from 207 patients with CD4+ cell counts < 500/mm3 were examined for biologic phenotype in MT-2 cells. We used a cross-sectional study design. RESULTS: Three subtypes of syncytium-inducing (SI) strains with different times of appearance of syncytia formation in cell culture and two subtypes of non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) isolates, with (NSI/MT2+) or without (NSI/MT2-) replicative capacity in MT-2 cells, were identified. Early SI strains were associated with the lowest CD4+ cell counts and the highest levels of viral load, and NSI/MT2- isolates correlated with the highest CD4+ cell counts and the lowest viral loads. Patients with late SI and NSI/MT2+ strains showed minimal differences in immunologic and virologic markers. CONCLUSIONS: Five HIV phenotypic variants that correlate significantly (P < 0.001) with markers of disease progression were identified.

CD4 Lymphocyte Count↗