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Biomedical subjects

M Apfeldorf

Publications and source records attributed to M Apfeldorf.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparing the ICAS and the MAC as Indirect Alcoholism Scales: methodological considerations and implications for further research.

Four groups of domiciliary residents were studied with the Institutionalized Chronic Alcoholic Scale (ICAS) and MacAndrew Scale (MAC) to determine the more effective indirect alcoholism scale. The groups included: (a) 48 alcoholics, (b) 27 residents with alcoholism and other psychiatric diagnoses, (c) 24 residents with psychiatric diagnoses only, and (d) 22 with only medical diagnoses. MacAndrew had omitted two alcohol usage items from the 51 item MAC in order to develop a more effective indirect scale, free of alcohol usage items. A similar omission technique was employed with the ICAS in the current study. ANOVA indicated that the MAC was the more effective indirect scale.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1985

Two MMPI approaches for identifying alcoholics: evaluation and implications for further research.

Though contrasting MMPI approaches yield opposing conclusions regarding personalities of alcoholics, the relative efficacy of the approaches has not been evaluated. In this study of 309 domiciliary patients, the alcoholism scale and cluster analytic approaches were compared with respect to the identification of alcoholics and excessive-drinking subjects. The MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale significantly identified alcoholics; however, there was no identification with the profiles of the clinical scales generated by the cluster analytic technique. The conclusions suggest the greater efficacy of the alcoholism scale approach and suggest that the clustering strategy might be more fruitfully applied to alcoholism scales.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1981

Are personality test differences between alcoholics and others due to source of sample: a review of MMPI findings.

While some reviewers find that alcoholics have consistent personality characteristics, others conclude there are no such characteristics. The latter reviews claim that inattention to methodological factors (such as source of sample) have resulted in erroneous conclusions. The MMPI literature was surveyed in terms of the source of sample factor. Consistent personality characteristics were found in studies controlling for source of sample and employing the MacAndrew, Holmes, and Psychopathic Deviate Scales. The employment of a multiple regression strategy would help determine whether both alcoholism scales and the Psychopathic Deviate Scale are necessary for comprehensive description of individuals in an alcoholic population.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

Alcoholism scales of the MMPI: contributions and future directions.

Though MMPI alcoholism scales have been constructed to provide objective information for making alcoholism diagnoses, they have not met with general acceptance. Research has been criticized since alcoholics were not clearly defined and were not subdivided into homogeneous categories. Prealcoholics were not studied and no consistent findings emerged. The present review of alcoholics and prealcoholics indicates that some scales, such as the MacAndrew, are consistent in discriminating alcoholics from controls even when alcoholics were not subdivided into homogeneous categories. These findings suggest that alcoholics have personality characteristics that distinguish them from other groups and provide psychometric justification for alcoholism diagnoses.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1976

Exclusion of subjects with F scores at or above 16 in MMPI research on alcoholism.

The results of these comparisons that used the MacAndrew and Holmes scales suggest that the practice of excluding Ss with F scores at or above 16 may result in the discarding of data on alcoholic and problem-drinking Ss with no appreciable gain in the statistical differentiation of the remaining Ss. In the case of the Hampton scale, application of the rule results in nonsignificant statistical results. Furthermore, the F scale differentiated the groups more effectively than did the Hampton scale. It is suggested that MMPI investigators who use the MacAndrew and other alcoholism scales reexamine the appropriateness of MacAndrew's exclusion rule for their particular samples.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1975

Application of MMPI alcoholism scales to older alcoholics and problem drinkers.

The MacAndrew and Holmes alcoholism scales differentiated older domiciled alcoholics and residents with disciplinary problems related to problem drinking from nonalcoholics. It is suggested that the scales can identify older problem drinkers along similar dimensions as alcoholics and that they might be applied to studying problem drinkrs who have as yet not received diagnoses of alcoholism.

Adult↗