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Biomedical subjects

M Attia

Publications and source records attributed to M Attia.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparative results of the immunogenicity of Edmonston-Zagreb and Schwartz measles vaccines administered to 60 Egyptian infants.

The present study was conducted on sixty 9-11 month infants attending a primary care clinic in a rural Giza governorate area. Patients were divided into two groups: the first group comprised 42 infants who were vaccinated with the Edmonston Zagreb measles vaccine strain, whereas the second group comprised 18 infants who were vaccinated with the Schwartz measles vaccine strain. Estimation of measles antibody titer by neutralization testing was determined by the microtiter technique prior to and 4 weeks post vaccination. The overall serconversion rate was 85%. Three infants failed vaccination. The Edmonston-Zagreb strain was superior to the Schwartz strain in inducing immunity to non immune infants. The nutritional status of the study group was abnormal in almost 1/2 (29/60) infants and borderline in 1/3 (20/60).

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1992

Direct and indirect diagnosis of strongyloidiasis.

Stool examination of 196 subjects from Sharkia Governorate was done by the use of direct smear, Zinc sulphate centrifugal floatation method and stool culture. Serological diagnosis by ELISA was done. Stool culture was the most sensitive method for diagnosing Strongyloidiasis. However, ELISA could be of great value in epidemiological studies and follow up.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Magnetic resonance investigations of non-acoustic petrous lesions.

Twenty cases of intrapetrous lesions were studied by a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) unit. In all cases, comparisons were made between MR, CT and clinical findings. Our present material included 9 cholesteatomas, 1 cholesterol cyst, 3 primary epidermoid carcinomas, 2 metastatic neoplasms, 1 glomus jugulare tumor and 4 facial neurinomas. Gadolinium was injected in 7 cases and seemed to be the best method for studying the intrapetrous tumors. MR permitted accurate topographic study and assessment of tumoral extension, as well as a ready demonstration of tumor vascularity. The present findings also showed that MR is not capable of defining small bony detail or calcifications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study of trans-anethole in rats.

A chronic feeding study was carried out in rats with trans-anethole. The test substance was administered in the diet to groups (n = 26-78) of 312 male and 312 female Sprague-Dawley rats at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1% for 117-121 wk. The average intakes of trans-anethole varied from 105-550 mg/kg body weight/day. No apparent treatment-related reactions were noted. The only effect was a transient retardation of body-weight gain. No excess mortality was caused by the treatment. No abnormalities related to treatment were seen on necropsy except for reduced adiposity in the highest dose groups. Haematological assessments did not reveal any changes related to treatment. Histological examination revealed certain non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions common in older rats. The incidence of some hepatic lesions was significantly higher in some treated groups than in controls: altered cell foci (females of the 1% group), nodular hyperplasia (males of the 0.5% group and males and females of the 1% groups), benign tumours (females of the 1% group) and malignant tumours (females of the 1% group). The results are compared with those of previous investigations. The authors of this study stress that the low incidence of hepatocarcinomas is restricted to a single species and sex and to the highest dose tested. This pattern of species, sex and dose dependency strongly suggests that metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies will be helpful in interpreting the significance of the rat tumours with regard to the safe consumption of trans-anethole by man. The changes observed in this chronic feeding study are not thought to be of genetic origin and consequently trans-anethole does not constitute a significant carcinogenic risk to man. Further studies are in progress to substantiate this conclusion.

Allylbenzene Derivatives↗
PubMed1989

The detection of IgE by radio allergosorbent technique (R.A.S.T.) and ELISA in Egyptian cases of schistosomiasis.

Studies were carried out on the radioallergosorbent test (R.A.S.T.) in comparison with the Elisa for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Using sera from known S. mansoni, S. haematobium and both S. mansoni and S. haematobium cases, R.A.S.T. showed high sensitivity; 72%, 55% and 75% respectively, in the detection and quantification of specific IgE antibodies. While in case of ELISA only 20% of patients were positive. With control sera, both tests showed 100% negative. It is concluded that R.A.S.T. is more specific and superior than ELISA for IgE detection in schistosomiasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

New trends in the sero-diagnosis of schistosomiasis in Egypt.

A comparison has been made of a newly modified diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique (DIG-ELISA) and an established, standardized ELISA, using sera as well as whole blood adsorbed on filter paper discs. With known human cases of S. mansoni and/or S. haematobium, both tests showed great sensitivity in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis; 93%-95% positive for ELISA and 92%-93% positive by DIG-ELISA on using egg antigens, while 92% positive for ELISA and 91% positive by DIG-ELISA when worm antigens were used. DIG-ELISA is characterised by its technical simplicity, high sensitivity which make it an excellent screening serological technique especially in endemic areas. Moreover, the use of whole blood on filter paper discs (paper disc DIG-ELISA), rather than serum from venipuncture should add more advantages for its field application.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[MRI in the diagnosis of recurrent cholesteatoma of the petrous bone].

Nine cases of recurrent petrous cholesteatomas have been studied by a 1,5 T MR unit. Gadolinium was injected in 1 case. In all cases, comparison between MR, CT and clinical findings were made. MR allows for accurate topographic study and assessment of cholesteatomas extension, in particular in the posterior fossa and skull base. Relationships with the internal carotid artery and the jugular vein are clearly depicted.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The contribution of computerized tomography to the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of lymphangiomatosis (LAM) proven histologically in a 49 year old female. This case benefitted from very detailed CT-scanning (IDM) with characteristic images obtained from the thorax and bilateral renal tumours suggestive of angiomyolipomas. This association seems to be quasi-pathognomic of the disease. The discovery at CT-scanning of cerebral calcification raises a possible connection of LAM with Bourneville's tuberous sclerosis. This CT-scanning study has several points of interest: the early diagnosis of pulmonary lesions which are under evaluated by standard radiography; a complete inventory of the possible localisations of the disease; it enables a possible diagnosis in very frail patients in whom a lung biopsy would be a risk; an ability to assess further progress as there also exists a good correlation between the extent of the disease assessed by TDM and the disturbance in pulmonary function.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1987

Mercury content in some fresh-water fish from Alexandria.

The total-Hg was determined and the distribution among the different organs of 3 fresh-water fish caught from the lake Maruit at Alexandria was studied. Because one of these species (Mugil Cephalus) grows in both fresh and sea-water the effect of growing medium was also investigated. It was found that the total-Hg values differed according to species, size, and organs of fish as well as to fishing ground. It was also noticed that there was an interaction effect between the various factors on the accumulation of total-Hg in fish. Generally, fish obtained from fresh water had lower levels of mercury compared with that collected from sea-water.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Delayed, triangular, hyperdense, computed x-ray tomography images of the renal parenchyma following iodide injection. Interpretation of transient renal ischemia?].

Three cases of renal ischemia diagnosed by Computed Tomography (CT) are presented. The pathophysiology of renal ischemia which accounts for the CT findings observer in these cases are reviewed. In the appropriate climate setting a diagnosis of renal ischemia may be made by CT, when a zone or zones of low attenuation after injection and enhancement of these same zones 6 to 72 hours later are observed in the kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Optimization of night and shiftwork plans among policemen in Kuwait: a field experiment.

A pilot survey was designed to define incidence, rotation period, rotation direction and cycle of shiftwork plans in the production and service units in Kuwait. Preliminary results from the Ministry of Interior showed that four different shift plans are widely used. Forty policemen, ten from each shift plan, volunteered to fill in a diary for a period of two or more cycles. The diary was comprised of a set of questions planned to reveal disturbances in sleep duration, sleep quality, food intake and appetite. The daily questionnaire also covered psychosomatic complaints and subjective judgement of recovery. A control group, on permanent day work, volunteered to fill in the diary for the same period. The results indicated that one of the four shift plans was quite satisfactory and least harmful to the policemen. Two plans were associated with excessive strain during working days, but the number of free days was sufficient to achieve complete recovery. The fourth plan was associated with excessive strain during working days and recovery was not achieved after 24 h of rest at the end of the shift cycle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Thermal pleasantness and temperature regulation in man.

The temperature regulation system of man is complex and has not yet been fully understood. The "black box" is the nature of the set point which the system is known to defend. The set point is in fact a rhythmic function of time of day. Temperature-regulatory behaviour, more than autonomous response, has recently been confirmed as the dominant, effective and more sensitive control response tending to maintain body temperature close to the set point. It is possible to estimate the set point by a procedure involving a behavioural indicator, namely thermal pleasantness sensation. A number of examples are discussed in which the set point was determined by the aid of thermal alliesthesial response (i.e., change of thermal pleasantness sensation for the same stimulus according to the internal thermal state of the subject). The quantification of the set point is shown to be relevant for medical research and practice.

Body Temperature Regulation↗