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Biomedical subjects

M Aurousseau

Publications and source records attributed to M Aurousseau.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of ultrasound on the electrochemical cementation of cadmium by zinc powder.

This work is devoted to a kinetics study of cadmium electrochemical cementation on zinc powder under ultrasonic low-frequency field (20 kHz). Compared to mechanical stirring with a Rushton turbine and for the same suspension quality, ultrasound lead to a lower kinetics during the major part of the reaction but to final conversion rate near 100%. Pointing out a thermal modification in the deposit morphology due to acoustic cavitation, gives explanation to these processes changes. Besides several acting parameter effects, such as temperature, metallic ion concentrations or ultrasonic power have been observed and analysed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Continuous sampling of cerebrospinal fluid in the conscious rabbit.

A cannulation technique for continuous sampling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in unanesthetized freely moving rabbits is described. A permanent stainless steel cannula constructed easily and inexpensively from commercially available material is placed into the third ventricle and fixed to the skull by anchoring screws and dental cement. This procedure allows a continuous CSF sampling with a flow rate of 11.2 +/- 4.5 microliters/min without any sign of disturbing the animal. The penetration of the third ventricle or the periodic drainage of CSF, during a one month period, does not result in a variation of CSF protein (356 +/- 20 mg/l), glucose (4.5 +/- 0.2 mmol/l) or lactate (1.80 +/- 0.05 mmol/l) concentrations. Our technique has some advantages for pharmacological or pharmacokinetic investigations. The third ventricle CSF data will complete that of cisterna magna or lateral ventricle CSF. This method allows studies in the same animal during a period of one month without any problem. Moreover, it lends itself to experiments in which physiological conditions are required.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of 4-deoxypyridoxine on the isovolumic perfused rat heart: influence of oxygenation and glucose availability.

The study was performed with isolated perfused isovolumic rat hearts. After a 40 min stabilization period, the effect of 4-deoxypyridoxine (DOP) 10(-5) M was studied with 3 Glc concentrations: 0, 3.3 and 11 mM. DOP was perfused during a 20 min normoxic or anoxic period followed by 40 min of normal perfusion. During normoxia with 11 mM Glc, DOP decreased the contracture observed in the control group. With 0 mM Glc, DOP improved developed pressure and dP/dt+ without a decrease in glycogen stores. During anoxia followed by reoxygenation, a partial protection towards CK release was observed with DOP (3.3 mM Glc). Intracellular PLP levels were higher in the 11 mM Glc group than in the other groups with and without DOP, and DOP with 11 mM Glc increased PLP levels (DOP N2 vs. DOP O2). Glycogen stores increased with 11 mM Glc without DOP (O2 vs. N2), whereas they decreased with DOP without Glc (DOP N2 vs. N2). DOP could improve the yield in glycogenolysis in normoxia and might activate mitochondrial anaerobic metabolism during anoxia.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Concentration of benzydamine in vaginal mucosa following local application: an experimental and clinical study.

The results of an experimental and clinical study on the benzydamine binding and distribution in vaginal mucosa are presented, employing benzydamine solution for gynaecological use. When applied first to rats, the mean amount of the drug in their vaginal mucosa became 3.65 +/- 2.99 micrograms/g of fresh tissue with a significant difference between control and treated animals, without detectable amounts in the plasma. When applied to humans, the mean amount of benzydamine assayed in 17 specimens of vaginal mucosa was 9.72 +/- 6.24 micrograms/g. It was greater than the range of animal anti-inflammatory concentration (2-8 micrograms/g) established by pharmacological studies on this drug and justified the local benefits from benzydamine treatment of vaginal inflammation. Benzydamine assayed in seven volunteers with healthy vaginas showed that the drug cannot be detected in the plasma.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitory effects of three new synthetic compounds on human platelet aggregation.

Three compounds of the AQ series (benzothienyl-aminoethyl ketone derivatives), i.e. 3178 (benzothienyl-2 N,N-diallyl amino ethyl cetone), 1994 (alpha-benzothienyl-beta-N-morpholino ethyl cetone), and 1989 (benzothienyl-2-beta-N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl cetone) were tested against aggregations triggered by adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), paf-acether, thrombin or collagen under different experimental conditions. None of them exhibited a specific inhibitory effect on washed platelets prepared so as to render them specifically sensitive either to ADP, AA or paf-acether. Thus for compound 3178 AQ, the most potent of the three, IC50 values were 2.9 +/- 0.6, 2.9 +/- 1.0 and 4.3 +/- 0.9 uM (means +/- 1 SD of 4 experiments) against ADP, AA or paf-acether respectively. Aggregations triggered by subthreshold concentrations of thrombin were also inhibited by compound 3178 AQ (50 uM) even after washing, showing the persistence of the inhibitory effect. Inhibition was surmountable since addition of a 10 fold greater concentration of thrombin than the subthreshold one induced a full aggregation. When tested on platelet-rich plasma (PRP) higher concentrations of the inhibitors than those used on washed platelets were needed in order to counteract ADP, AA or paf-acether effects. Collagen-induced aggregation was also inhibited by the AQ compounds when tested either in PRP or in whole blood although, in the latter case, high concentrations of the antagonists had to be used. These data show that compounds of the AQ series bear a wide spectrum of activity which makes them potential anti-thrombotic agents.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1985

[Experimental vaginitis in rats].

The authors present an experimental model of vaginal inflammation in female rats, through local instillation of different substances causing inflammation of varying degrees. The inflammatory reaction was studied macroscopically, histologically and biochemically. Using polysiloxane as a protective substance of vaginal mucosa was found to be of therapeutic interest.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Antiarrhythmic activity of cetiedil and its analogues.

Cetiedil), originally a molecule used for treatment of some vascular diseases, exhibits several pharmacological effects. The authors studied cetiedil's stabilizing effect on the membrane and the antagonism against calcium of Cetiedil and its analogues (amino 3-thienylacetic esters). After completion of numerous pharmacological tests giving evidence of antidysrhythmic effects of the molecule and more especially in the digitalic arrhythmias and ventricular fibrillation induced by calcium (where it is more active than other products tested), the authors conclude that Cetiedil might enter in group I of Vaughan and William's classification of antiarrhythmic drugs. It is like Verapamil an inhibitor of the calcium penetration. This especially interesting antidysrhythmic profile suggests clinica research to determine the special position of Cetiedil in the treatment of heart rhythm troubles.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Cerebral metabolic, hemodynamic and antihypoxic properties of l-eburnamonine.

l-Eburnamonine--16-oxoeburnane--assumes experimental cerebral 'oxygenator' and antihypoxic properties which appear more pronounced than those of vincamine. In anesthetized dogs, l-eburnamonine increases the cerebral oxygen supply and the cerebral oxygen consumption, without cerebral vasodilation; l-eburnamonine improves the cerebral capillary circulation, as observed on the rheoencephalogram. l-Eburnamonine inhibits the effects of hypobaric hypoxia in mice (increase of survival time) and in rats (inhibition of amnesic effects of hypoxia). l-Eburnamonine decreases the electroencephalographic consequences of the acute and iterative asphyxic anoxia in curarized rats and, by means of the protection of the cerebral cortex, inhibits the postischemic increase of thalamic somesthetic evoked potentials in curarized cats. Further studies are necessary to precise the mechanisms involved in these 'cerebral protective' properties of l-eburnamonine.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Pharmacological findings on cetiedil.

The molecule of cetiedil (Stratène) has strong papaverine-like and weak atropine-like properties. It brings about peripheral vasodilation at doses which do not affect arterial blood pressure, heart beat and cardiac efficacy; this new drug increases the activity of beta-adrenergic stimulants. There may be different hypotheses to explain the therapeutic effect of cetiedil; beside its papaverinic and synergistic beta-stimulant properties, it increases the haemodynamic coefficient, plays a role in the process of membrane Ca++ exchange and inhibits phosphodiesterase and platelet aggregation.

Animals↗