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Biomedical subjects

M Austgen

Publications and source records attributed to M Austgen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Six years' experience with perthoracic core needle biopsy in pulmonary lesions.

Six years' experience of percutaneous core needle biopsy using the Hausser needle in 502 patients, aged 20-89 years, is reported. A biopsy was carried out when sputum and bronchoscopic methods had failed to establish a definitive histological diagnosis. Over 60% of the lesions were peripheral and about 40% were 2-4 cm in diameter. A correct diagnosis was made by this means in 312 of the 339 patients shown eventually to have a malignant lesion (92%) and in 130 of 146 patients with a benign lesion (89%). A definitive diagnosis was never established in 17 patients. Complications arose in 15% of cases. Pneumothorax occurred in 43 patients (7%), of whom 12 required a chest drain. Further complications included a small haemoptysis (less than 30 ml) in 27 patients (5%), haemothorax necessitating a chest drain in three patients, and an intrapulmonary haematoma in five patients. There were no fatal or permanent complications. Percutaneous core needle biopsy is a valuable procedure with a high diagnostic accuracy in these patients and a low rate of complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Palliative therapy of tumor-induced pleural effusions with radioisotopes].

Radioactive substances are widely used in the treatment of malignant pleural and peritoneal effusions. Since the instillation of radioactive 198Au rarely yielded long-term therapeutic successes, we examined the effect of 90yttrium silicate in intrapleural instillation. In 74 patients suffering from pleural effusion characterised by a rapid an high relapse tendency, the malignant genesis of the effusion having been confirmed histologically by thoracoscopy or cytologically, 50 mCi of 90yttrium silicate were instilled intrapleurally after maximally complete drainage of the exudate via puncture. In all patients the production of the effusion was clearly reduced under this therapy or was at least temporarily completely discontinued. 63 patients died since initiation of therapy. Their average survival time was about 288 days. 11 patients are still under outpatient follow-up control and did not show any repeated formation of an effusion. No significant side effects have been recorded so far, neither subjectively nor haematologically or via chemical examination in the laboratory.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Drug-resistant bronchial asthma successfully treated with plasma exchange.

Two patients suffering from allergic bronchial asthma who showed no improvement despite six and four weeks, respectively, of drug therapy were successfully treated with therapeutic plasma exchange. The first patient had no attacks over a period of five months, and the other patient had none for over one year. Although this report only deals with single observations, we believe that therapeutic plasma exchange is of particular value for patients with severe allergic bronchial asthma because it eliminates in addition to immunocomplexes other substances, including antigens, rapidly from the blood. This means that it is possible to directly intervene in the pathomechanism. However, further investigations are necessary in order to corroborate this successful therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Palliative therapy of tumor-induced pleural effusions with 90Yttrium-silicate.

In 20 patients with rapidly recurring malignant pleural effusion, 90Yttrium-silicate was intrapleurally instilled after the puncture. In all patients this treatment resulted in marked reduction, or even interruption, of exudate formation. Eleven patients died with an average survival of 166 days. Nine patients are still alive and have been followed up for a mean of 140 days without the pleural effusion recurring. Side effects were not observed, either subjectively or in relation to hematological and other laboratory findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnosis of sarcoidosis by bronchial biopsy and transbronchial pulmonary biopsy].

The presence of non-caseating epitheloid cell granulomas in biopsy material is still one of the most important factors in establishing the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Since Carlens introduced mediastinoscopy as a diagnostic procedure in these cases the use of liver biopsy or bronchoscopic biopsy has decreased because of the better results obtained by mediastinoscopy. In 148 of 163 persons with sarcoidosis the diagnosis could be verified by the finding of epitheloid cell granuloma without central necrosis in biopsies taken from the lungs and/or bronchial wall. In 15 patients the diagnosis could not be confirmed by bronchological methods, but the presence of epitheloid cell granulomas was established by other biopsy procedures. The conclusions drawn from the observations are that the combination of bronchial and transbronchial biopsies during bronchoscopy with rigid instruments is a valuable technique for establishing the diagnosis of sarcoidosis and that bronchological methods could replace mediastinoscopy in most cases.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1983

Classification and possible function of phospholipids obtained from central airways.

Phospholipids similar to those contained in surfactant can be obtained not only by bronchial lavage from peripheral airways but also by suction of mucus from central airways. In order to prove identity between the centrally obtained materials and the surfactant, we propose simultaneous application of bronchial lavage and central suction. The hypothesis that phospholipids play an important role in mucus transport by preventing the agglomeration and adhesion of mucus particles is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica--a rare condition in lower respiratory tract (author's transl)].

In a 55 years old male patient bronchoscopy was carried out because of suspected bronchial carcinoma. Chest X-ray showed a lesion in the periphery of left lung, an episode of hemoptysis was reported 4 weeks prior to the examination. During bronchoscopy we found numerous small tumours on the mucosa of distal trachea and left main bronchus. The findings suggested a widespread malignant process, whereas histological examination of biopsies showed tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. In the case described we could not find amyloidosis of tracheal wall or disorders in somatotropine secretion. Pathogenesis and clinical features of the disease, which is in a high percentage detected by chance or post mortem, are discussed.

Bronchial Diseases↗