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Biomedical subjects

M Azim

Publications and source records attributed to M Azim.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Chromosomal abnormalities as a cause of recurrent abortions: a hospital experience.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chromosomal abnormalities in couples with history of recurrent abortions. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Cytogenetic section, Department of Pathology at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. PATIENTS: Three hundred couples with history of recurrent abortions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Structural chromosomal abnormalities in carrier couples. RESULTS: G-banded chromosomes were analyzed from both partners of 300 couples who had had two or more spontaneous abortions. Sixteen (5.3%) couples showed a chromosomal aberration in one of the partners. Seven translocations, 5 inversions, 2 deletions and 2 sex chromosomal abnormalities were identified. There was an increase in structural aberations, which was not significantly different from that reported worldwide. CONCLUSION: Chromosomal analysis is advocated as a primary tool in the evaluation of couples with repetitive fetal wastage.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1999

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method to analyze retinal isomers.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure was developed to separate all-trans-, 13-cis-, 11-cis- and 9-cis-retinal isomers. Two reversed-phase Vydac C18 columns in series were used with an isocratic solvent system of 0.1 M ammonium acetate-acetonitrile (40:60, v/v) as mobile phase and all-trans-9-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,6,8-no natetraene-1-ol (TMMP) as internal standard. Prior to HPLC, the retinal isomers were efficiently extracted in their original isomeric conformation using dichloromethane-n-hexane in the presence of formaldehyde. This technique is suitable for the assay of 11-cis- and all-trans-retinal isomers in retina.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Diagnosis of genetic defects by chromosomal analysis.

Of 901 karyotypes performed over a period of 4 years, genetic anomalies were detected in 162 cases. Down's syndrome (trisomy 21) was the most common (168.8%) genetic disorder followed by Turner's syndrome, Philadelphia chromosome, Klinefelter's syndrome, Edward's syndrome (trisomy 18) and Patau's syndrome (trisomy 13). All the three trisomies were detected very early in life. Mean age at the time of diagnosis for Turner's syndrome was 13.3 years, allowing a timely hormone replacement therapy to improve secondary sexual characters. Patients with Klinefelter's syndrome were diagnosed late (mean age 23.6 years), which greatly reduced their chances of an effective therapy to improve the clinical and social outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Disposition in rat of a new fluorinated, biocompatible, non-ionic telomeric carrier.

1. The disposition of the new fluorinated, biocompatible, non-ionic telomeric carrier trisacryl conjugate (F-TAC) labelled with 13C and 14C on the amide function has been studied in the rat after p.o. and i.v. administration. 2. After i.v. administration, excretion measurements have shown that radioactivity was eliminated mainly in the urine (69% within 24 h), and that faecal excretion was low (8% within 72 h). After p.o. administration, faecal elimination was significantly increased (30% within 72 h). No radioactivity was eliminated as 14CO2, after either route of administration. 3. After i.v. administration, plasma radioactivity exhibited a biphasic decrease, with t1/2 = 20 min for the first phase and 29.5 h for the second phase. The maximal plasma concentration was obtained 40 min after oral dosing, followed by a monoexponential decrease with t1/2 = 38.1 h. The ratio AUC (p.o.)/AUC (i.v.) as an assessment of bioavailability was 0.22. 4. After both i.v. and p.o. administration, a relatively homogeneous concentration of radioactivity was found in most organs, close or below the plasma concentration, indicating that tissues do not exhibit a high affinity for this molecule. In addition, F-TAC did not cross the blood-brain barrier. 5. Analysis of urine and plasma on DOWEX AG1X2 anionic resin showed that < 20% of the radioactivity was bound to this support. 13C- and 19F-nmr analysis of the non-bound radioactivity identified it to unchanged F-TAC, with bound radioactivity being due to polyanionic telomers arising from the hydrolysis of the amide function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Isolation and development of the inner cell mass after exposure of mouse embryos to calcium ionophore A23187.

Compacted morulae and blastocysts were obtained from CBA, BALB/c and CFLP strains of mice. The embryos were incubated in medium containing 2 X 10(-5) M or 2 X 10(-6) M ionophore A23187. With 2 X 10(-6) M ionophore, morulae survived for up to 12 h showing slight decompaction. Normal development resumed when the morulae were explanted to fresh medium. There was no detectable effect on blastocysts. With 2 X 10(-5) M ionophore, morulae survived for about 20 min and then extensive cell death occurred after this time. With blastocysts however, selective lysis of trophectoderm cells occurred after approximately 30 min following their swelling and vesiculation but the inner cell mass cells (ICM) remained apparently intact and viable. Nearly 80% of the early blastocysts obtained 87 h post-ovulation and all of the late blastocysts used after 12 h in culture (99 h blastocysts) showed this response. Individual fluid accumulating cells were detected in a few isolated ICMs after their overnight culture in vitro, especially in those obtained from early blastocysts, but the majority of the ICMs did not have these cells. All aggregates of three to five ICMs, except one which reformed into a blastocyst, developed as embryoid bodies after 2 days in culture and these survived for up to 10 days; in some cases they developed into cystic embryoid bodies or attached to the culture dish displaying a variety of cell types. The development of the isolated ICMs in vivo was judged to be normal after their transfer to intact host blastocysts as these developed as chimaeric embryos to term.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Changes in responsiveness of preimplantation mouse embryos to serum.

Changes in uptake of radioactive uridine and its incorporation into RNA were determined in preimplantation mouse embryos, from the 2-cell to the blastocyst stage, as a measure of their responsiveness to extracellular conditions. Two media were tested, one contained serum and the other contained bovine serum albumen as a control. An increase in the acid-soluble pool occurred at the 8-cell stage and a marked increase in RNA synthesis occurred at the early blastocyst stage when the embryos were incubated with serum.

Animals↗