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Biomedical subjects

M B Edwards

Publications and source records attributed to M B Edwards.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Functions of external cues in prospective memory.

A simulation of an air traffic control task was the setting for an investigation of the functions of external cues in prospective memory. External cues can support the triggering of an action or memory for the content of the action. We focused on memory for the content, and manipulated the temporal characteristics of the external cue to disentangle two possible functions the cue can support: (1) an external cue visible during a retention interval could support rehearsal of the to-be-performed action; (2) an external cue visible at the end of a retention interval could support retrieval of the to-be-performed action. Two experiments were conducted that converge on the same conclusion: the primary function of an external cue is to support retrieval. Implications for the design of a computer interface to present prospective cues are discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1988

Mandibular African histoplasmosis: imitation of neoplasia or giant-cell granuloma?

The lesion reported in this article destroyed much of the right side of the mandible in a 14-year-old boy. Clinically, it resembled Burkitt's lymphoma and was initially treated as such. After correct microscopic diagnosis, the mass regressed with the use of intravenous amphotericin B and surgical reduction. The histologic comparison with giant-cell granuloma is considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

2 cases of this rare tumour in Nigerian subjects is described. Clinical features indicated relatively slow but painful growth, aggravated in 1 case by dental extractions. Radical resection was followed by 6-year survival without recurrence or overt metastasis. Microscopic differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Osteosarcoma of the jaws--a series from Kaduna, Nigeria.

15 primary and one metastatic osteosarcoma of the jaw bones in Nigerians are described. The age range was typical of this tumour; most cases were in the mandible. Clinical and radiographic features were often diagnostic but the microscopic appearances were varied and problematical. No metastases were detected and effective surgical treatment depended upon the degree of spread in soft tissue. Inoperable tumours had infiltrated the pharyngeal and tonsillar area. Some resected cases survived for one year or more.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Onchocerciasis of the face and mouth.

Onchocerciasis is characterized by the presence of numerous microfilariae in the skin, by the formation of subcutaneous nodules, and by eye lesions that frequently lead to blindness. The organisms' life cycle and the clinical symptoms and histologic features of the disease are described, together with three case reports from Nigeria. One of the cases involved a rare intraoral lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Central nervous system tumors in children: detection by magnetic resonance imaging.

Fifty-one pediatric patients who were suspected of having central nervous system (CNS) tumors underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using a 0.35 T Diasonics MT/S system. Pulse intervals (TR) ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 seconds with echo delays (TE) of 28 and 56 msec. The ability of MR and contrast-enhanced CT to detect focal lesions, determine lesion extent, and evaluate associated abnormalities was compared. In most patients in whom there was suspected spinal cord disease, comparison with myelography was made. Thirty-three intracranial lesions were detected with at least one imaging modality in 43 cranial examinations. MR was judged superior to CT in 14 of these cases and CT superior to MR in only one. Of eight spinal examinations, there were six that demonstrated abnormal findings. MR was superior to CT in all six cases and better than myelography in four of five cases where myelography was performed. Spin echo (SE) sequences with long pulse intervals were the most sensitive, but in some cases short pulse intervals permitted further characterization of the lesion. Patient motion was not a problem; sedation was routinely used in children younger than five years of age. MR imaging has rapidly become a valuable diagnostic modality in neuroradiology. The lack of ionizing radiation and the ability to evaluate the spinal cord noninvasively makes it particularly attractive in examination of children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Topical carcinogenesis by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in Syrian hamster cheek-pouch and oral mucosa.

Pouches of weanlings were painted 3 times a week for 4 weeks with 0.5 per cent NMU in acetone, using a technique designed to localize oncogenesis. Ventral lingual mucosa was painted at the same time. Premalignant, dysplastic lesions or carcinomas arose in pouches of 88 per cent of animals that survived from 8 to 54 weeks, but the majority of these lesions were not localized to the painted area. Biliary hyperplasia, papillomas of the forestomach and abnormalities of the incisor teeth were found in a small number of animals. These changes suggested that systemic absorption of NMU had occurred. No lesions were induced beneath the tongue but occasional premalignant and malignant changes were found in other parts of the mouth.

Absorption↗
PubMed1984

Mutilating basal cell carcinoma of the face.

Two cases of neglected, mutilating basal cell carcinoma are described with observations on their spread. A review of the literature indicates that anatomical site and delay in seeking treatment are the most important factors associated with the development of such lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Advanced central myxoma of the jaws in Nigeria. Clinical features, treatment and pathogenesis.

18 advanced cases of myxoma of the jaws are described. These had a typical age, sex and site distribution and characteristic clinical and radiographic features. Surgical treatment was radical as benefits large, poorly defined tumours, but there was no evidence that these were aggressive lesions. It is argued that the designation of myxoma as an odontogenic tumour is uncertain though not excluded. Attention is drawn to evidence that many myxomas of the jaws may be examples of myxomatous degeneration in other neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasound evaluation of benign sciatic nerve sheath tumors.

The ultrasonograms of three patients with surgically proven benign tumors of the sciatic nerve sheath were reviewed. Two lesions were neurilemmomas and one was a neurofibroma. All lesions appeared hypoechoic and often demonstrated characteristics typically associated with cystic abnormalities. Although the sciatic nerve is not routinely delineated as a separate anatomic structure by ultrasound, neoplastic enlargements of the nerve can be demonstrated.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Cystic, melanotic ameloblastic fibroma with granulomatous inflammation.

A large mandibular tumor which had the cellular features of ameloblastic fibroma but was cystic and complicated by granulomatous inflammation is described. The epithelial component contained melanin. The pathogenesis of the cystic change is discussed, and the lesion is compared to the proposed papilliferous variant of this odontogenic neoplasm.

Adolescent↗