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Biomedical subjects

M Badier

Publications and source records attributed to M Badier.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Seasonal increase of carbachol airway responsiveness in patients allergic to grass pollen. Reversal by corticosteroids.

By measuring airway resistance (Raw) as an index of response, dose-response curves to aerosolized carbachol were constructed in 10 patients suffering from grass pollen allergy. The subjects were first tested before the pollen season (March). During the pollen season (May and June), another control test was performed; the patients were then treated (double blind and at random) with placebo or methylprednisolone (16 mg/day given orally) for 7 days and then retested. After a 10-day interval devoid of treatment, the 2 treatments were crossed over and a fourth carbachol test was performed. Baseline function values were comparable for all 4 tests. In all but one subject (who was a smoker), carbachol increased Raw by more than 150% over baseline for each of the 4 tests. In these 9 patients, carbachol responsiveness significantly increased during the pollen season and returned to its preseason level after corticosteroid treatment. The data suggest that airway inflammation was responsible for the seasonal increase in airway reactivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Airway response of asthmatics to carbachol and to deep inspiration.

Dose-response curves were established in asthmatics by using graded doses of aerosolized carbachol and specific airway conductance (SGaw) measurements. After carbachol inhalation, we evaluated the influence on SGaw of a deep inspiration to total lung capacity followed by a passive expiration to functional residual capacity. When SGaw had returned to its pre-deep-inspiration value, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was obtained. Two groups of patients were selected according to the effect of deep inspiration on SGaw: group A (22 patients) with a less than 25% SGaw increase after deep inspiration, and group B (21 patients) with a more than 75% SGaw increase. Both groups were comparable in age and initial SGaw and FEV1 values. Carbachol inhalation induced a similar SGaw decrease in both groups, whereas FEV1 decreased more (p less than 0.05) in group A than in group B. The two groups did not differ significantly regarding the dose of carbachol causing a 25% SGaw decrease and in the slope of the dose-response curve. We conclude that, in asthmatic patients, airway response to an inhaled broncho-constrictor agent is not related to the airway response to deep inspiration. This suggests that previous studies of airway response to bronchoconstrictor agents which have been performed by using only FEV1 measurements, may need to be reassessed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dose-response curves to inhaled carbachol in asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Dose-response curves were established in 19 asthmatic and 19 bronchitic patients by measuring changes in specific airway resistance (sRaw) induced by graded doses of aerosolized carbachol. The shape of the individual curves was classified by the least-square method according to four models: hyperbolic, exponential, linear and logarithmic (with a plateau). The dose-response curves were hyperbolic in 9 asthmatics, exponential in 9, and linear in 1; they were hyperbolic in 2 bronchitics, exponential in 4, linear in 5 and logarithmic in 5. No response could be elicited in 3 bronchitics. Carbachol responsiveness of the bronchitics who had baseline sRaw values in the same range as the asthmatics was much less than that of the asthmatics, i.e. a given dose of carbachol yielded a smaller sRaw increase in the former group. Increased responsiveness to carbachol, resembling that found in the asthmatic group, was observed in most bronchitics whose baseline sRaw values were elevated. These data suggest that bronchitics and asthmatics have different bronchial responses to carbachol, quantitatively and, in some instances, qualitatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Video-assisted thoracic surgery. Current techniques and indications].

Up til recently, thoracoscopy was essentially performed for diagnostic purposes, allowing biopsies of the pleura or peripheral lesions of the lung tissue. Indications with a therapeutic objective were less frequent, usually in cases of recurrent pneumothorax. The recent development of less aggressive, more surgical instruments has virtually "forced" the surgeon to use the thoracoscope. Video thoracoscopy surgery thus entered the therapeutic armenatum. Small access channels less than a centimeter in diameter are used for videothoracoscopy giving an indirect view on the screed of the thoracic contents. Under these conditions, thoracoscopic procedures are possible to treat pneumothorax and resect small pleural or parenchymatous tumours. Inversely, gross resections (lobectomy, pneumonectomy) are technically more complex and raise the nearly unsolvable problem of removing the surgical specimen. In fact, a mini-thoracotomy has been required in many cases, leading to the development of video-assisted thoracic surgery. This new surgical technique is performed via a small incision and is guided by optic probes connected to the video screen. The surgeon can thus follow the entire operation both directly via the mini-thoracotomy and indirectly on the screen. This new approach is an interesting compromise between conventional thoracic surgery and videothoracoscopy.

Humans↗