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Biomedical subjects

M Bando

Publications and source records attributed to M Bando.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Alpha 2 integrin +807 polymorphism in drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

Alpha2 integrin on fibroblasts is reported to play an important role in the induction of drug-induced gingival overgrowth, which is characterized by excessive accumulation of type I collagen in gingival connective tissue. Silent polymorphism 807 T/C within the alpha2 integrin gene is associated with high/low alpha2 integrin expression. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that expression of alpha2 integrin 807 T/C polymorphism correlates with drug-induced gingival overgrowth. A case-control study comparing 136 subjects taking calcium channel blockers (72 with vs. 64 without drug-induced gingival overgrowth) demonstrated that the frequency of the +807 C allele was significantly higher in the case group than in the controls (odds ratio, 3.61; 95% confidence interval, 2.14 - 6.10; P < 0.05). The present findings suggest that the alpha2 +807 C allele is one of the genetic risk factors for drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Infection of TT virus in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

The precipitating factors of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have not been elucidated. Recently, a novel DNA virus named TTvirus (TTV) was discovered in a patient with post-transfusion hepatitis of unknown aetiology TTV is a circular, single-stranded DNA virus of 3.8 kB. To evaluate the relationship between TTV and IPF, the sera of 33 patients with IPF were tested for the presence of TTV DNA by semi-nested polymerase chain reaction. TTV DNA was detected in 12 (36.4%) IPF patients. The serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was significantly higher in the IPF patients withTTV than in those without TTV (802 +/- 121 vs. 530 +/- 49 IU l(-1), p < 0.05). Six (50%) of 12 patients in theTTV DNA-positive group died during the observation period, while only six (28.6%) of 21 patients in theTTV DNA-negative group died. The 3-year-survival rate was significantly lower in the TTV DNA-positive group than in theTTV DNA-negative group (58-3% vs. 95.2%, P <0-02). Replicative intermediate forms of TTV DNA were detected in the lung specimen from a TTV-infected IPF patient. TTV infection influences the disease activityand prognosis of IPF in some cases. Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical significance of TTV in IPF.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical analysis of intrapulmonary lymph nodes].

We encountered 12 cases (9 men, 3 women) of intrapulmonary lymph nodes, discovered by chest radiography or chest CT and identified by thoracoscopic lung biopsy (in 10 cases), open lung biopsy (1 case) or lobectomy (1 case). We also studied the literature related to intrapulmonary lymph nodes in Japanese. Many intrapulmonary lymph nodes were found in the lower lung field, few in the upper lung field. All intrapulmonary lymph nodes were spherical and were located under the pleura, but we were not able in some cases to differentiate them from malignancies by the CT scanfindings. We could not diagnose them or rule out malignancy before surgery. Pathological findings revealed that all of them showed anthracosis. Silicotic changes were found in three cases. We consider that thoracoscopy is useful in making a definite diagnosis if peripheral pulmonary lesions cannot be diagnosed. We emphasize that intrapulmonary lymph nodes should be taken into consideration in differential diagnoses of small nodular lesions in the lung.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

NADH-dependent dehydroascorbate reductase in the rabbit lens.

The present investigation demonstrates the existence of NADH-dependent dehydroascorbate (DHA) reductase activity in the soluble fraction of the rabbit lens. This DHA reductase was specific for NADH, and its apparent Km values for DHA and NADH were 5.7 mM and 4.0 microM, respectively. In a gel filtration of the lens soluble fraction on a Sephadex G-75 superfine column, the NADH-dependent DHA reductase activity was eluted at the oligomeric betaL1-crystallin fraction, which may also contain lambda-crystallin (a rabbit-specific crystallin). Furthermore, about 80% of protein fractions separated from the betaL1-crystallin fraction by DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange column chromatography exhibited DHA reductase activity. In the SDS-PAGE analysis of the protein fractions with DHA reductase activity, 32-33, 27 and 25 kDa protein subunits were commonly identified. These results suggest that oligomers of beta-crystallin and/or lambda-crystallin subunits may be associated with the DHA reductase activity. The present paper also discusses that the function of the reductase may be to enhance the antiphotoxidation capacity of the lens.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Ascorbate Free Radical Reductase Activity in Vertebrate Lenses of Some Species.

Purpose: To clarify the function of ascorbate free radical (AFR) reductase in the lens antioxidation mechanism, we investigated the difference among species in AFR reductase activity in different vertebrate lenses.Materials and Methods: Soluble and insoluble fractions were prepared from the lenses of frogs, guinea pigs, rats, rabbits, pigs, and calves. AFR reductase and diaphorase activity of each fraction was determined.Results: AFR reductase activity in the lens soluble fraction was the highest in frogs. That of guinea pigs and rabbits was at the next level; there was only a little activity in rats and pigs, and none was detected in calves. Membrane-bound AFR reductase in the lens insoluble fraction was extracted by 0.3% Triton X-100. The membrane-bound enzyme activity was almost at the same level in frogs, rats, rabbits, and calves, and a little higher in guinea pigs and pigs. However, such species-specificity of AFR reductase activity as in the soluble fraction was not observed in 0.3% Triton X-100 extracts. Diaphorase activity was 3 to 9 times as much as AFR reductase activity in the soluble fractions of frogs, guinea pigs, and rabbits, but in 0.3% Triton X-100 extracts of all vertebrate species used, it was very high, 108 to 311 times the AFR reductase activity.Conclusion: These results suggest that the lens soluble and membrane-bound AFR reductases are individual enzyme molecules and have different anti-oxidative functions. The lenses of frogs, guinea pigs, and rabbits contain a near-ultraviolet (UV) light absorbing compound, reduced pyridine nucleotide at a high concentration. Therefore, the soluble AFR reductase activity may be high in the vertebrate lenses with a near-UV light filter, and enhance the antiphotoxidation of ascorbic acid.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Apraxic agraphia due to thalamic infarction.

The authors report a patient of pure apraxic agraphia with normal praxis due to left thalamic infarction. 15O-gas-PET showed reduced oxygen metabolism in the left thalamus and the left dorsolateral premotor area, while MRI and 11C-fulumazenil-PET showed no remarkable lesions in the frontal cortex. The patient's word imaging remained normal. The authors hypothesize that thalamic destruction causes pure apraxic agraphia by exerting a remote effect on left dorsolateral premotor area and blocking somewhere between graphemic area and motor programming.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

A conformationally reliable spacer for molecular tweezers

[figure: see text] A reliable and rigid spacer, trans,trans,trans-perhydronaphthacene, for molecular tweezers was designed. A synthesis and molecular recognition study of its 1,14-disubstituted derivatives was carried out.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

FD-891, a structural analogue of concanamycin A that does not affect vacuolar acidification or perforin activity, yet potently prevents cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity through the blockage of conjugate formation.

FD-891 belongs to a group of 18-membered macrolides, and is a structural analogue of a specific inhibitor of vacuolar type H+-ATPase, concanamycin A (CMA). In our previous work, we have shown that CMA specifically inhibits perforin-dependent cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity through the degradation and inactivation of perforin, although CMA does not affect Fas ligand (FasL)-dependent cytotoxicity. Here, we show that FD-891 potently prevents not only perforin-dependent but also FasL-dependent CTL-mediated killing pathways by blocking CTL-target conjugate formation. In contrast to CMA, FD-891 was unable to inhibit vacuolar acidification and only slightly decreased the perforin activity in lytic granules. FD-891 blocked granule exocytosis in response to anti-CD3, mainly owing to the lack of CTL binding to immobilized anti-CD3. The conjugate formation was markedly inhibited only when effector cells were pretreated with FD-891. Consistent with these observations, fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis for cell surface receptors revealed that FD-891 significantly reduced the expression of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex. These data suggest that the blockage of conjugate formation and subsequent target cell killing might be at least partly owing to FD-891-induced down-regulation of the TCR/CD3 complex.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Glochidionolactones A-F: butenolide glucosides from leaves of Glochidion zeylanicum (GAERTN) A. JUSS.

From the leaves of Glochidion zeylanicum, six new butenolide glucoside, named glochidionolactones A-F, were isolated along with a known related compound, phyllanthurinolactone. The structures of glochidionolactones A-D and F were elucidated mainly by spectroscopic analyses. The absolute stereochemistry of glochidionolactone E was established by X-ray crystallographic analysis.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed2000

Human interferon-gamma enhances expression of ganglioside GM2 on human lung cancer cells and their susceptibility for antiganglioside GM2 monoclonal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Interferons are known to modulate several cellular functions by the induction of various proteins. In this study, we demonstrated that human interferon-gamma (HuIFN-gamma) enhanced the expression of ganglioside GM2 (GM2), which is a kind of tumor-associated antigen substantially expressed in human lung cancer and that human lung cancer cells expressing GM2 became more susceptible to anti-GM2 monoclonal antibody (mAb)-dependent tumor cell killing mediated by human effector cells after HuIFN-gamma treatment. GM2 expression on human lung cancer cells treated with or without HuIFN-gamma was measured by flow cytometry. The antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity was assessed by 4-h 51Cr release assay. HuIFN-gamma enhanced GM2 expression on human small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), SBC-3, and human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal concentration of HulIFN-gamma was 1,000 U/ml. The effect of HulFN-gamma reached maximum after 4 days of culture. HulFN-gamma did not have any effect to enhance the expression of other gangliosides in SBC-3 cells. No other cytokines used in this study modulated GM2 expression in SBC-3 cells. Anti-GM2 mAb-dependent ADCC activities induced by lymphocytes and monocytes were more potent against IFN-gamma-treated SBC-3 and A549 cells than nontreated cells. Taken together, HulFN-gamma combined with anti-GM2 mAb may be useful for immunotherapy against GM2-positive human lung cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2000

[Ascorbate free radical reductase activity in vertebrate lenses of some species].

PURPOSE: To clarify the function of ascorbate free radical (AFR) reductase in the lens antioxidation mechanism, we investigated the difference among species in AFR reductase activity in different vertebrate lenses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Soluble and insoluble fractions were prepared from the lenses of frogs, guinea pigs, rats, rabbits, pigs, and calves. AFR reductase and diaphorase activity of each fraction was determined. RESULTS: AFR reductase activity in the lens soluble fraction was the highest in frogs. That of guinea pigs and rabbits was at the next level; there was only a little activity in rats and pigs, and none was detected in calves. Membrane-bound AFR reductase in the lens insoluble fraction was extracted by 0.3% Triton X-100. The membrane-bound enzyme activity was almost at the same level in frogs, rats, rabbits, and calves, and a little higher in guinea pigs and pigs. However, such species-specificity of AFR reductase activity as in the soluble fraction was not observed in 0.3% Triton X-100 extracts. Diaphorase activity was 3 to 9 times as much as AFR reductase activity in the soluble fractions of frogs, guinea pigs, and rabbits, but in 0.3% Triton X-100 extracts of all vertebrate species used, it was very high, 108 to 311 times the AFR reductase activity. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the lens soluble and membrane-bound AFR reductases are individual enzyme molecules and have different antioxidative functions. The lenses of frogs, guinea pigs, and rabbits contain a near-ultraviolet (UV) light absorbing compound, reduced pyridine nucleotide at a high concentration. Therefore, the soluble AFR reductase activity may be high in the vertebrate lenses with a near-UV light filter, and enhance the antiphotoxidation of ascorbic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[A case of callosal apraxia without agraphia and acquired stuttering associated with callosal infarction].

We report a 52-year-old right-handed man with cerebral infarction of the right anterior cerebral artery area. The MRI findings showed cerebral infarction in the trunk of the right corpus callosum, although some part of the posterior half of the trunk was spared. Some part of right precuneal gyrus, cingulate gyrus were also involved. The clinical feature of this case is characterized by following two points. First, although callosal apraxia is usually accompanied by agraphia, he showed apraxia with the left hand, but showed no agraphia. Secondary, he showed speech dysfluency mainly characterized by initial syllable repetitions. The nature of this speech dysfluency was determined as acquired stuttering. This case suggests that the pathway for praxis locates distinct portion from that for writing on corpus callosum. We analyzed callosal lesions of previous studies reporting callosal apraxia without agraphia, then compared to that of this case. And we also reviewed acquired stuttering report caused by callosal lesions. Consequently, we suggest that apraxia and stuttering were caused by damage of the trunk of the corpus callosum. While writing was preserved by the intact fibers in the posterior half of the trunk.

Apraxias↗
PubMed2000

[A case of colon cancer with tension pneumothorax and empyema as a consequence of colo-pleural fistula].

A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever and chest pain. Chest radiography revealed left pleural effusion with left pneumothorax and small nodular shadows in the right lung field. On CT of the chest and abdomen, multiple nodules were seen in both lung fields, and masses appeared in the liver and spleen. Fiberoptic colonoscopy showed obstruction at the end of the transverse colon. Biopsy of this obstruction proved it to be cancer. In this patient, a colo-pleural fistula was also diagnosed using thoracoscopy under local anesthesia and from the inflow of contrast medium from the colon into the thoracic cavity seen in abdominal radiographs. This was a rare case of a colo-pleural fistula without diaphragmatic deficiencies. Medical thoracoscopy is useful for the diagnosis of complicated pleural effusions as was seen in this case.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed2000

[Sjögren's syndrome with multiple bullae and pulmonary nodular amyloidosis].

We report a case of Sjögren's syndrome with pulmonary involvement diagnosed by open lung biopsy. The patient was a 62-year-old woman with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Her chest radiograph and CT scan showed multiple bullae diffusely scattered throughout the lung. The open lung biopsy specimens revealed marked inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltration and nodular amyloid deposits in the bronchiolar walls. The mechanism of bulla formation appeared to be the check valve mechanism caused by the narrowing of the airway by the bronchiolitis. The patient was treated with oral corticosteroids, and her symptoms and laboratory findings became stable.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1999

Elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels in chronic respiratory failure with cor pulmonale.

Elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels have been described in patients with congestive heart failure and acute myocardial infarction. We measured plasma BNP levels in patients with chronic respiratory failure to evaluate the correlation between plasma BNP levels and pulmonary haemodynamics. Plasma BNP levels were measured in 28 patients with chronic respiratory failure accompanied by three underlying diseases [14 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), seven with sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis (sequelae Tbc) and seven with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB)] by immunoradiometric assay methods (IRMA). Twenty-one of 28 patients had already received oxygen supplementation and 16 of 21 patients were treated as outpatients with home oxygen therapy. Plasma BNP levels were significantly elevated in patients with chronic respiratory failure complicated by cor pulmonale (81.5 +/- 13.1 pg ml-1) compared to patients without cor pulmonale (13.3 +/- 2.7 pg ml-1, P < 0.001). As controls, plasma BNP levels in 10 patients with primary lung cancer were studied, and the results (3.5 +/- 1.0 pg ml-1) were not significantly different from those of patients with chronic respiratory failure without cor pulmonale. Plasma BNP levels in 12 healthy subjects were also studied, and the results (7.2 +/- 1.0 pg ml-1) were not significantly different from those of the control subjects. Plasma BNP levels showed a weak linear correlation with systolic pulmonary arterial blood pressure, estimated by Doppler echocardiography (r = 0.43; P = 0.068), but there was no significant correlation between BNP levels and the degree of hypoxaemia (r = 0.30; P = 0.138). Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels in patients with chronic respiratory failure were also measured using the same samples. Plasma ANP levels were also significantly elevated in patients with chronic respiratory failure complicated by cor pulmonale (80.8 +/- 12.1 pg ml-1) compared to patients without cor pulmonale (26.1 +/- 4.4 pg ml-1, P = 0.003). A significant correlation was found between plasma BNP and ANP levels (r = 0.68; P < 0.001). Our results suggest that the plasma BNP or ANP level may be a useful indicator for detecting the presence of cor pulmonale in patients with chronic respiratory failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Human subtilisin-like proprotein convertase, PACE4 (SPC4) gene expression is highly regulated through E-box elements in HepG2 and GH4C1 cells.

PACE4 (SPC4) is a member of the mammalian subtilisin-like proprotein convertase (SPC) family, which participates in maturation of precursor proteins. PACE4 is expressed at high levels in the anterior pituitary, central nervous system, the developing olfactory bulb, heart, and liver. Recently, we determined the gene structure of human PACE4. [Tsuji et al. (1997) J. Biochem. 122, 438-452]. The 5'-flanking region of PACE4 gene contains 12 E-boxes (E1 to E12) within 1 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site. To examine the function of these E-box elements in the regulation of PACE4 expression, deletion and mutation constructs of the 5'-flanking region were ligated to the luciferase gene and analyzed for promoter activity in HepG2 and GH4C1 cells, which express PACE4 at high level. Some differences were observed in the activity of each promoter construct between HepG2 and GH4C1 cells, although the overall profiles of activity for the promoter fragment series were similar regardless of cell type. We showed that the basal promoter activity of the PACE4 gene is first determined by sequences lying between -315 and -1 bp and further regulated by positive and negative elements in the upstream region. Site-directed mutagenesis of E-boxes in these regulatory elements showed that the E10 E-box act as positive regulator, whereas an E-box cluster (E4-E9) acts as a negative regulator in both cells. E2 E-box acts as a positive regulator only in HepG2 cells. Other E-boxes (E1, E3, and E12) had no effect on the promoter activity. These results indicate that E-box elements play a critical role in controlling PACE4 expression in HepG2 and GH4C1 cells and that PACE4 expression is regulated by a mechanism distinct from that of other SPC family proteases.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Protein kinase C-activated oxidant generation in endothelial cells signals intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene transcription.

We tested the hypothesis that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and generation of oxidants are critical sequential signals mediating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and transcription of the intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 gene. Stimulation of human pulmonary artery endothelial (HPAE) cells with TNF-alpha (100 U/ml) induced the activation of PKC and, subsequently, generation of oxidants. Pretreatment with calphostin C, a specific PKC inhibitor, prevented oxidant generation after TNF-alpha stimulation, indicating that PKC activation mediated the production of oxidants in HPAE cells. In contrast, pretreatment of HPAE cells with N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant and a precursor of glutathione, failed to prevent PKC activation, indicating that PKC activation was not secondary to the oxidant production. These findings suggest that oxidant generation in endothelial cells occurs downstream of PKC activation. However, both PKC activation and oxidant generation were necessary for ICAM-1 mRNA expression because the pretreatment of HPAE cells with either calphostin C or N-acetylcysteine inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced activation of NF-kappaB and prevented the activation of ICAM-1 promoter. Prolonged exposure of HPAE cells to the phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, which is known to deplete all except atypical PKC isozymes, failed to prevent TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 mRNA expression. We conclude that TNF-alpha-induced oxidant generation secondary to the activation of a phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isozyme signals the activation NF-kappaB and ICAM-1 gene transcription.

Cells, Cultured↗