Biomedical subjects

M Barrionuevo

Publications and source records attributed to M Barrionuevo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Goat milk feeding causes an increase in biliary secretion of cholesterol and a decrease in plasma cholesterol levels in rats.

The hypocholesterolemic effect of goat milk with respect to cow milk observed in a previous study led us to examine the influence of goat and cow milk in the diet on certain aspects of biliary physiology in normal rats. The fat content in all diets was 10% but the lipid quality was varied: the standard diet was based on virgin olive oil, and the other 2 diets included fat obtained from lyophilized cow milk and goat milk. We characterized the bile secretion, including biliary phospholipid, cholesterol, and bile acid outputs, the interrelation between bile acids and bile lipids, and the lithogenic index. The consumption of goat milk in the diet, compared with that of cow milk, caused an increase in the biliary secretion of cholesterol together with a decrease in plasma cholesterol concentration, whereas values for bile phospholipids, biliary acid concentrations, and the lithogenic index remained normal. Moreover, consumption of this type of milk decreased plasma triglyceride concentration and therefore had a positive effect, similar to that of olive oil (standard diet), on the lipid metabolism; hence, it may be recommended for consumption by the general population.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2003

Beneficial effect of goat milk on bioavailability of copper, zinc and selenium in rats.

We studied the effects of dietary inclusion of freeze-dried goat and cow milk on the utilization of copper, zinc and selenium, and on the metabolic fate of copper and zinc, in rats using a standard (non-milk) control diet recommended by the American Institute of Nutrition and diets based on goat or cow milk. For animals given the goat milk diet, the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of copper is similar to that obtained with the standard diet and higher than that in animals given the cow milk diet. The copper balance was higher among the rats given the goat milk and the standard diets than among those given cow milk. The ADC and retention of zinc and selenium were higher for the goat milk diet than for the other two diets. The copper content in the kidneys and in the femur was greater when the animals consumed a goat milk diet than a cow milk diet. Zn deposits in femur, testes, liver, kidney, heart and longissimus dorsi muscle were greatest with the goat-milk diet, followed by the standard diet and were lowest for the rats given cow-milk diet. This study shows that the goat-milk has an important and beneficial effect on the bioavailability of copper, zinc and selenium.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Study of nutritive utilization of protein and magnesium in rats with resection of the distal small intestine. Beneficial effect of goat milk.

The search for diets to improve the nutritive utilization of protein and magnesium in malabsorption syndrome led us to study goat milk, because of its particular nutritional characteristics, and to compare it with cow milk, which is most commonly consumed. We studied the nutritive utilization of protein and magnesium in transected rats (control) and in rats with resection of 50% of the distal small intestine. The diets used were the standard diet recommended by the American Institute of Nutrition and diets based on lyophilized goat or cow milk. The consumption of goat milk produces better protein efficiency ratio and food conversion efficiency values, particularly in rats with intestinal resection, together with a higher nutritive utilization of protein. Magnesium apparent digestibility coefficient is not modified by intestinal resection in rats fed with goat milk-based diet, on the contrary to the standard and cow milk diets. Magnesium apparent digestibility coefficient is greater for the goat milk group, which is reflected in the greater quantity of this mineral stored in bone. These results demonstrate the beneficial effect of goat milk on the nutritive utilization of protein and on magnesium bioavailability, especially in animals with resection of the distal small intestine.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗

PubMed2002

Beneficial effect of goat milk on nutritive utilization of iron and copper in malabsorption syndrome.

The search for diets that improve the digestive and metabolic use of iron and copper in malabsorption syndrome led us to study goat milk for particular nutritional characteristics and compare it with cow milk, which is usually supplied. We studied the metabolism of iron and copper in transected rats (control) and in resected rats (resection of 50% of the distal small intestine). The diets used were the standard diet recommended by the American Institute of Nutrition and diets based on goat or cow milk. Intestinal resection reduced the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of iron in the three diets tested. In the transected and resected rats, the ADC of iron was highest with the goat milk diet, followed by the standard diet and lowest with the cow milk diet. The ADC of copper was not affected by intestinal resection in the animals fed the goat milk diet, and was higher than that in the two groups of animals fed the other diets. Intestinal resection reduced the ADC of copper with the standard diet and the cow milk diet. When both groups of animals were fed the goat milk diet, the deposit of iron in the organs was greater than with those fed the cow milk diet and similar to that in those animals given the standard diet. The copper content in the kidneys was lower in the resected than in the transected animals, except in the case of those fed the goat milk diet, in which it was similar to that of the control (transected) rats. This study shows the beneficial effect of goat milk, with respect to cow milk, on the metabolism of iron and copper in control rats, especially those with malabsorption syndrome.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Digestive utilization of goat and cow milk fat in malabsorption syndrome.

We studied the effects of goat and cow milk fat on the digestive utilization of this nutrient and on some of the biochemical parameters that are related to the metabolisim of lipids, using rats with a resection of 50% of the distal small intestine and control animals (transected). The fat content in all the diets was 10% but the lipid quality was varied: the standard diet was based on olive oil, while the other two diets included fat obtained from lyophilized goat milk and cow milk, respectively. The digestive utilization of the fat was lower in the resected animals than in the transected ones for all three diets studied. In both resected and transected animals. the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of the fat was greater with the standard diet (olive oil) than with diets whose fat content was provided by goat or cow milk. The digestive utilization of the fat was greater in the transected and resected rats receiving a diet of goat's milk (rich in medium-chain triglycerides) than those given a cow-milk-based diet and more closely approached the values obtained for olive oil. The consumption of goat milk reduced levels of cholesterol while levels of triglycerides, HDL, GOT and GPT remained with in the normal ranges, for both transected and resected animals. The advantageous effect of goat milk on the metabolisim of lipids with respect to cow milk suggests that the former should be included in the diet in eases of malabsorption snydrome.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Influence of goat and cow milk on the digestive and metabolic utilization of calcium and iron.

The effects of goat and cow milk on the digestive and metabolic utilization of calcium and iron were studied in rats using a standard (non-milk) control diet. The digestive utilization of calcium is greater when the animals consume the goat-milk-based diet rather than that based on cow milk or the standard diet. The digestive utilization of iron, however, is similar for the goat-milk diet and the standard diet, and in both cases superior to that based on cow milk. The calcium content in the femur, sternum and Longissimus dorsi muscle (L.D. muscle) provides an indication of what happens during the utilization of the mineral; more is deposited when the rats consume a milk-based diet, particularly one based on goat milk. The iron content in the reserve organs, namely the liver and the spleen, is greater with the standard diet and the goat milk diet than with that containing cow milk. There is an obviously beneficial effect of goat milk on the metabolism of calcium and iron, which minimizes any interaction between the two minerals.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Serotonergic deficits and impaired passive-avoidance learning in rats by MDEA: a comparison with MDMA.

The serotonergic deficits induced by 3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine (MDEA, "eve"), were examined and compared with 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy"). A single dose of MDEA (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg IP) induced a dose-related hyperthermia, but only the highest dose significantly reduced 5-HT content and 5-HT transporter density in the frontal cortex and in the hippocampus 7 days later. Long-term serotonergic deficits were much more marked when MDEA was given repeatedly (40 mg/kg IP., b.i.d., for 4 consecutive days). Single or repeated administration of MDEA induced no change on 5-HT1A receptor density in the frontal cortex, brain stem, or hippocampus, although 3 h after both treatments plasma corticosterone levels were significantly increased. MDEA (5-20 mg/kg, IP) produced significant retention deficits in a passive-avoidance learning task. Conversely, 7 days after the repeated administration of MDEA (40 mg/kg b.i.d., for 4 consecutive days) no effect on passive-avoidance performance was observed unless rats were treated again with another dose of MDEA (20 mg/kg IP) 30 min before the training trial. The 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, WAY 100635, prevented the impairment in retention performance induced by 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT), but not by MDEA or MDMA, indicating that the effect of these amphetamine derivates was not mediated by 5-HT1A receptor activation. The results suggest the risk of serotonergic dysfunction associated with MDEA abuse in humans.

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine↗

PubMed2000

Beneficial effect of pollen and/or propolis on the metabolism of iron, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in rats with nutritional ferropenic anemia.

There has been considerable debate regarding the nutritional benefits of pollen and the propolis produced by bees, although most contributions have lacked scientific soundness. This paper describes the possible beneficial effect of their use in pharmacological products in cases of anemic syndrome. We studied the effect of these two natural products on the digestive utilization of iron, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, using control rats and rats with nutritional ferropenic anemia. The addition of these products to the diet produced a positive effect on weight gain; this fact could constitute a scientific basis for the application of pollen and propolis as fortifiers. They improve the digestive utilization of iron and the regeneration efficiency of hemoglobin, especially during recovery from an anemic syndrome. They also have a positive effect on phosphocalcic metabolism and maintain an appropiate level of magnesium metabolism. Furthermore, in iron-deficient rats, these natural products palliate, to a large extent, the adverse effects of iron deficiency on calcium and magnesium metabolism as a result of the improvement in the digestive utilization of these minerals.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗

PubMed1999

Alpha-lipoic acid prevents 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity.

A single administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 20 mg/kg, i.p.), induced significant hyperthermia in rats and reduced 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) content and [3H]paroxetine-labeled 5-HT transporter density in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus by 40-60% 1 week later. MDMA treatment also increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity in the hippocampus. Repeated administration of the metabolic antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg, i.p., b.i.d. for 2 consecutive days) 30 min prior to MDMA did not prevent the acute hyperthermia induced by the drug; however, it fully prevented the serotonergic deficits and the changes in the glial response induced by MDMA. These results further support the hypothesis that free radical formation is responsible for MDMA-induced neurotoxicity.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxide, and leptin follicular fluid levels correlate negatively with embryo quality in IVF patients.

OBJECTIVE(S): To measure vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide (NO) and leptin levels in individual ovarian follicles and to examine their relationships with perifollicular blood flow, follicular metabolic indices, and the developmental potential of the corresponding oocyte and embryo. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Academic, tertiary care institution. PATIENT(S): Unselected IVF patients. INTERVENTION(S): Color-pulsed Doppler analysis of perifollicular blood flow; determination of partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), and pH and VEGF, leptin and NO levels in follicular fluid. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Fertilization and day 3 embryo morphology and cleavage. RESULT(S): Fifty-five follicular fluid samples from 16 patients were studied. Mean follicular fluid levels were as follows: VEGF, 1,046+/-863.7 pg/mL (range, <63-3,332.7 pg/mL); NO3/NO2, 34.2+/-12 microM (range, 16.4-76.1 microM); and leptin, 20.1+/-12.1 ng/mL (range, 3.3-52.2 ng/mL). Vascular endothelial growth factor had a negative correlation with embryo morphology (r = -0.28, P = .01). Leptin demonstrated a negative correlation with follicular pO2 (r = -0.42, P = .005) and a positive correlation with follicular pCO2 (r = 0.36, P = .02). Follicular leptin levels correlated positively with VEGF levels (r = 0.46, P = .008) and with NO3/NO2 levels (r = 0.39, P =.006). CONCLUSION(S): Vascular endothelial growth factor, NO and leptin appear to be markers of follicular hypoxia and suboptimal embryo development. Whether fluctuations of these regulatory factors determine or reflect changes in the follicular microenvironment affecting oocyte developmental potential remains to be elucidated.

Cleavage Stage, Ovum↗

PubMed1999

The importance of the proportion of heme/nonheme iron in the diet to minimize the interference with calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium metabolism on recovery from nutritional ferropenic anemia.

The digestive utilization of Fe and its nutritive interaction with Ca, P, and Mg were studied in rats with nutritional ferropenic anemia. The diet contained 80% ferric citrate and 20% heme iron (80/20 diet). The weight gain, digestive utilization of Fe, and regeneration efficiency of hemoglobin and seric Fe were higher in iron-deficient rats (ID) fed the 80/20 diet than in iron-deficient rats fed the 50/50 diet (Campos et al., 1996). The phospho-calcic metabolism, which is adversely affected in ferropenic anemia, returned to normal values when iron was added to the diet. The digestive utilization of Mg, which fell with the 50/50 diet (Campos et al., 1996), returned to normal values when the ferropenic anemia was reversed with the 80/20 diet. In a state of iron deficiency, certain parameters related to the glucose and lipid metabolism are affected; the glucose and triglycerides values return to a normal range with the 80/20 diet.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗

PubMed1999

Effect of processing methods on the calcium, phosphorus, and phytic acid contents and nutritive utilization of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).

The effect of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) processing methods on the nutritive utilization of calcium and phosphorus and on phytic acid, a seed component that affects mineral utilization, was studied. Chemical and biological methods were used for nutritional determinations in growing rats. The digestive utilization of calcium from raw chickpea was adequate for growing rats; however, processing resulted in a slight decrease. The metabolic utilization of chickpea calcium was low because of the low rates of net absorption. This was reflected in the decreased calcium levels in longissimus dorsi muscle in the absence of mobilization of calcium from the femur. Soaking in acid solution followed by cooking decreased phytic acid content, suggesting that processing made part of the phytic acid phosphorus available. The absorbed phosphorus was greater than the nonphytic phosphorus supplied by the diet. The digestive utilization of phosphorus was similar in processed and raw chickpeas, despite the loss of soluble anion as a result of processing. These results may indicate the contribution of phosphorus in the form of inositol hexaphosphate-phosphorus.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Interactions among iron, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in the nutritionally iron-deficient rat.

We studied the development of nutritional iron deficiency 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after the intake of a semisynthetic diet lacking iron (diet 0) and the possible interactions with calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in both control rats and rats after 40 days of iron deficiency. During this period, iron deficiency was found to produce stress in the rats, as evidenced by high levels of cortisol in the serum. High levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) were also found. There was a considerable increase in the absorption of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, but the phosphorus and magnesium balance decreased and that of calcium remained practically unchanged, although there was an increase in calcium urinary elimination. Despite the noticeable degree of bone demineralization, which was evident in the femur, serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium remained constant. The present study shows that severe nutritional ferropenic anaemia provokes significant alterations in the metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. We conclude that these alterations should be taken into account in the treatment of this pathology, given its prevalence and the fact that it may exacerbate other pathologies, particularly those related to the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗

PubMed1998

The absorption of iron, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper and zinc in the jejunum-ileum of control and iron-deficient rats.

The effects of iron deficiency on the absorption of different dietary sources of iron were studied, together with the interactions between iron, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper and zinc in the jejunum-ileum of control and iron-deficient rats. In this study, three perfusion solutions containing different iron sources: ferric citrate, haemoglobin, and equal parts of ferric citrate and haemoglobin were used. In addition, the same perfusion solutions were used with and without 2,4-dinitrophenol, an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation. Iron absorption in anaemic rats was greater than in the controls, except after perfusion with solutions containing haemoglobin. The absorption of calcium, copper and zinc in iron-deficient animals was not significantly affected, while the absorption of phosphorus and magnesium increased, with respect to animals in the control group. After perfusion with solutions containing haemoglobin, the absorption values of calcium, copper and zinc were lower than after ferric citrate in both groups (control and iron-deficient rats).

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗

PubMed1998

The role of dopaminergic systems in the perinatal sensitivity to 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in rats.

Our study was aimed at analyzing the basis for the apparent lack of perinatal sensitivity to the serotonergic neurotoxin 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy"). MDMA (20 mg/kg s. c.) repeatedly administered to rat dams during gestation, did not affect [3H]paroxetine-labeled serotonin (5-HT) transporter density and 5-HT content in the offspring. A single dose of MDMA was then given to pups, not exposed prenatally to MDMA, at different postnatal ages (PND14, 21, 28 and 35). Long-term significant reductions in 5-HT levels in all the brain regions examined were only found at PND35. In a different set of experiments, MDMA administered at PND21 alone or in combination with (R)-1-(2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)2-aminopropane (R-DOI, 0.5 mg/kg s.c.), or L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA, 80 mg/kg s.c.), caused a significant hyperthermia in the pups. However, only L-DOPA followed by MDMA caused a lasting reduction of 5-HT levels and 5-HT transporter density in the hippocampus and in the frontal cortex. In adult animals, no change in 5-HT levels and 5-HT transporter density in different brain regions was either found when MDMA was given to rats previously lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine, but a significant reduction was again found in the lesioned animals receiving MDMA in combination with L-DOPA. These results appear to indicate that the hyperthermia induced by MDMA is not sufficient to produce lasting neurotoxic effects on the serotonergic system, at least at PND21, and support an important role for dopamine in the mechanism of neurotoxicity of MDMA, suggesting that an already developed dopaminergic system is necessary for the expression of the serotonergic deficits.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1997

Endometrial ablation by hysteroscopic instillation of hot saline solution.

Current methods of endometrial ablation to treat excessive uterine bleeding use laser or electrosurgical energy sources. These procedures are highly skill dependent, and numerous cases of fluid overload as well as other complications have been reported. A new method of endometrial ablation instills heated 0.9% normal saline at 80 to 90 degrees C. The fluid is recirculated and therefore, it is possible to measure accurately and predetermine the maximum amount of allowable absorption that occurs. Animal data indicate that the procedure is effective and may be safer than current methods of endometrial ablation. Standardization of this new method will require clinical trials, initially with women undergoing hysterectomy, for proper evaluation of the extent of thermal damage in relation to the time and intensity of heat exposure.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Effect of source of iron on duodenal absorption of iron, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, copper and zinc in rats with ferropoenic anaemia.

We studied the effects of iron deficiency on the in vivo absorption (by using the intestinal perfusion technique in the duodenum) of different dietary sources of iron (haem, non-haem and equal parts of both forms) and investigated the interactions between iron and calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, copper and zinc in control and iron-deficient rats. Three perfusion solutions containing a different source of iron were used: solution 1, ferric citrate; solution 2, haemoglobin; solution 3, equal parts of ferric citrate and haemoglobin. We also tested the same perfusion solution with 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), an inhibitor or oxidative phosphorylation (solutions 1-I, 2-I and 3-I). In control rats we observed three mechanisms of iron absorption: passive for soluble iron salts, active receptor-mediated for non-haem iron complexes, and active receptor-mediated for haem iron. In anaemic rats iron absorption was greater than in controls, except after perfusion with solution 2 (containing haemoglobin). Absorption increased as a result of both the passive and active, receptor-mediated mechanism for non-haem iron complexes. The active component was influenced by the depletion of haem receptors under severe iron deficiency. The absorption of calcium, copper and zinc in iron-deficient animals was lower than in controls, whereas phosphorus and magnesium absorption were not significantly affected. After perfusion with solution 2 or 3, calcium, copper and zinc absorption were lower than after solution 1. We conclude that ferropoenic anaemia in the rat impairs the absorptive process of those minerals that are absorbed, at the duodenal level mainly via active transport (haem iron, calcium, copper and zinc), but does not affect the active component involved in non-haem iron absorption.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗

PubMed1996

Potential anti-diabetic applications of a new molecule with affinity for beta 3-adrenoceptors.

beta 3-adrenoceptors have been described through both molecular and pharmacological studies. In this context, it has been characterized the beta 3-adrenoceptor agonist activity of a new compound (Trecadrine), and evaluated whether it exhibits additional activity at beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptor subtypes. In addition, it has been tested its potential anti-diabetic properties in a model of alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. Our data show that Trecadrine induces oesophageal muscularis mucosae relaxation, indicating a putative action on beta 3-adrenoceptors. In the absence of beta 3-adrenoceptor antagonists, assays with beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic antagonists reveal a quite remarkable selectivity for beta 3-adrenoceptors. Furthermore, it has been suggested that this molecule has hypoglycaemic and lipomobilizing effects, although hypoglycaemia was not related to an increase in insulin secretion in diabetic rats. It is concluded that Trecadrine mainly acts through beta 3-adrenoceptors, and it may constitute a potential drug in the treatment of diabetes.

Adipose Tissue↗