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Biomedical subjects

M Bartolomé

Publications and source records attributed to M Bartolomé.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

An IFNG polymorphism is associated with interferon-beta response in Spanish MS patients.

Interferon-beta is a biological treatment widely used in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, not every patient responds equally well to this therapy. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the influence of a dinucleotide microsatellite located in the first intron of the interferon-gamma gene on relapse eradication in a group of interferon-beta-treated patients. Our results show a very different allelic distribution when patients with relapses were compared with relapse-free patients.

Dinucleotide Repeats↗
PubMed2004

A population-based study of the costs of care for community-acquired pneumonia.

In a population-based study, the consumption of resources for treating adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia was determined. During a 2-yr period, all cases with a clinical and radiological suspicion of community-acquired pneumonia that occurred in patients aged > 14 yrs in a community of 74,610 inhabitants were investigated prospectively. Of 292 cases with a suspicion of community-acquired pneumonia, 224 were included (18.5% misdiagnoses). The mean number of visits per patient was 4.5 (72% in the primary care setting). Inpatient care was recommended in 59.8% of cases; after discharge, 44% of patients were managed in outpatient clinics. The mean direct cost of pneumonia treated in the hospital setting was [symbol: see text] (euros) 1,553, whereas the mean cost of cases treated as outpatients was [symbol: see text] 196. A total of 15.7% of admissions were considered inappropriate and the length of stay could have been reduced by 3.5 days in the most severe cases. A reduction in inappropriate admissions and lengths of hospital stay would result in a decrease in cost of 17.4%. Community-acquired pneumonia in Maresme, Spain, occurs at a low incidence, although with a high percentage of hospitalisations (in part inappropriate), resulting in considerable costs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a population-based study.

In this prospective study, the authors assessed the incidence, aetiology, and outcome of patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the general population. From December 1993 to November 1995, a study was performed in a mixed residential-industrial urban population of the "Maresme" region in Barcelona, Spain. All subjects > or =14 yrs of age (annual average population size 74,368 inhabitants) with clinically suspected community-acquired pneumonia were registered. All cases were re-evaluated by chest radiographs on the 5th day of illness and at monthly intervals until complete recovery. Urine and blood samples were obtained for culture and antigen detection. When lower respiratory tract secretions were obtained, these were also cultured. There were 241 patients with community-acquired pneumonia, with an annual incidence rate of 1.62 cases (95% confidence interval, 1.42-1.82) per 1,000 inhabitants. Incidence rates increased by age groups and were higher in males than in females. Of 232 patients with aetiological data, 104 had an identifiable aetiology. A total of 114 pathogens were found (single pathogen 94, two pathogens 10). There were 81 episodes of bacterial infection and 33 of viral infection. The most common pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and influenza A and B viruses. No case of Hantavirus infection was found. The rate of hospital admission was 61.4% with a mean+/-SD length of 11.7+/-10.1 days, a mean period of 23.0+/-14.3 days inactivity, and an overall mortality rate of 5%. The high rate of hospital admission, prolonged stay in hospital, and long period of inactivity all continue to constitute a social and health care burden of community-acquired pneumonia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Cholesteatoma in a child with congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.

A 7-year-old girl had non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NBCIE) in treatment with retinoids. She also suffered continuous desquamation of the external ears, recurrent external otitis, chronic adenoiditis, tubaric dysfunction and intermittent episodes of otitis media and developed a cholesteatoma in her left ear. Chronic scaling disorders, such as NBCIE and other ichthyosis, can be entities at risk for the development of cholesteatoma in childhood.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Central hypoventilation syndrome associated with ganglioneuroblastoma.

In this paper the authors describe a case of central hyperventilation syndrome associated with a neural crest tumor. The girl had several apneic spells at the age of three years. She had a tracheostomy and mechanically assisted ventilation while asleep. Routine hematologic studies and chest x-ray were within normal limits. Computerized tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left paraspinal mass suggestive of a neural crest tumor. This mass was excised and histopathologic findings of this tumor revealed a ganglioneuroblastoma.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Urinary mutagenicity and N-acetylation phenotype in textile industry workers exposed to arylamines.

Primary aromatic amines have been identified epidemiologically as human carcinogens. It has been suggested that the target organ affected by aromatic amines is dependent on the rate of metabolic activation. Epidemiological studies have shown an association between low acetyl transferase activity and bladder cancer risk. On this basis, our working hypothesis was that the slow acetylators could follow in a higher extent the metabolic pathway independent of N-acetylation, leading to the excretion of conjugates of electrophyles with glucuronic acid. The instability of these glucuronides could be responsible for the association between arylamine-induced bladder cancer and slow acetylator phenotype. A total of 153 individuals were included in this study: 70 exposed to arylamines (working in textile industry) and 83 nonexposed. The following parameters were determined in urine: mutagenic index in the absence of metabolic activation, S9; mutagenic index in the presence of S9; and the mutagenic index after incubation of the urine with beta-glucuronidase. All individuals were phenotyped according to their capacity of N-acetylation by using isoniazid as drug test. The results show that the mutagenic index after incubation of the urine with beta-glucuronidase is statistically higher in exposed subjects when compared with nonexposed individuals (P less than 0.001), this parameter being statistically higher among exposed subjects who were slow acetylators than among rapid metabolizers, independent of the fact that they were smokers or nonsmokers. There were no significant differences between groups for the mutagenicity in urine not incubated with beta-glucuronidase.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1984

Muscarinic receptor during postnatal development of rat cerebellum: an index of cholinergic synapse formation?

Quantitative and qualitative modifications of the specific binding sites for [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate (QNB), a muscarinic antagonist, were studied during rat cerebellar postnatal development. Specific binding sites for QNB (QNB-sbs), regardless of whether they correspond to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, are present with the highest density in the archicerebellar cortex, but the total amount per region is about the same in the archi -, paleo-, and neocerebellar cortex regions. Large amounts of QNB-sbs are also present in a cerebellar fraction including central white matter and deep cerebellar nuclei. QNB-sbs are low but present at birth and then accumulate during ontogenic development according to a curve which duplicates, with a delay of a few days, the curve of DNA accumulation. Dissection studies indicated that this curve does not depend on the preferential localization of QNB-sbs in a specific cerebellar region nor on the particular development of this region. The similarity of the QNB-sbs and the DNA developmental curves might indicate that the QNB-sbs are present on granule cells; however, a comparative analysis of the data in the literature suggests that a great many QNB-sbs are located on the Purkinje cell dendrites in the molecular layer, where all or some of them might correspond to the extrajunctional muscarinic acetylcholine receptor detected there by electrophysiology. It would appear that only a small percentage of cerebellar QNB-sbs corresponds to the cholinergic synapses present in cerebellar cortex; hence, the question of muscarinic receptors in the cerebellum should be re-examined.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1976

Effects of neonatal or maternal methadone administration on ornithine decarboxylase activity in brain and heart of developing rats.

Methadone was administered daily to pregnant or nursing rats, or directly to neonates, and the effects on brain and heart weights and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activities were determined during postnatal development. Exposure to methadone in the postnatal period either directly or via the mother resulted in delays in maturational decreases in brain ODC accompanied by deficits in brain weight. Prenatal exposure alone had less effect on brain weight or ODC but appeared to enhance the effect of subsequent methadone exposure during the postnatal period. In the heart, direct methadone exposure or prenatal plus postnatal maternal administration led to a pattern of altered ODC activity consistent with delayed development, accompanied by heart weight deficits. The disturbance of heart ODC development after purely prenatal or purely postnatal maternal exposures differed from that obtained after direct administration to the neonate. These data show that exposure to methadone during fetal and/or neonatal life produces alterations in polyamine metabolism which may result in abnormal organ development. The type of change is dependent upon the period and route of exposure and may reflect both direct effects on the pup and indirect effect from drug-induced alterations in maternal metabolism or behavior.

Aging↗