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M Bastos

Publications and source records attributed to M Bastos.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Enhanced tumor necrosis factor in anti-CD3 antibody stimulated diabetic NOD mice: modulation by PGE1 and dietary lipid.

Administration of OKT3 anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to patients for transplant rejection, is associated with a distinct and often severe clinical syndrome related to massive cytokine release. Previous reports have similarly demonstrated increased levels of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in normal mice following administration of 1452-C11 anti-CD3 mAb. In this study, we compared serum TNF alpha levels at baseline and after anti-CD3 stimulation among three groups of mice: normal BALB/c controls, pre-diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, and diabetic NOD mice. Baseline serum TNF alpha levels, as measured by L929 cell bioassay, were 2xhigher in diabetic NOD and 3xhigher in pre-diabetic NOD compared with BALB/c. Ninety minutes after anti-CD3 mAb stimulation, serum from BALB/c controls and pre-diabetic NOD contained 2- to 8-fold higher levels of TNF-alpha as compared to untreated control mice. In contrast, following anti-CD3 mAb, there was a dramatic 20-fold increase in serum TNF alpha in diabetic NOD mice (levels > 5000 pg/ml). Additionally, anti-CD3 mAb increased the steady-state TNF alpha mRNA transcripts. Spleens from diabetic mice given anti-CD3 mAb had higher steady-state TNF alpha mRNA than spleen from normal mice similarly treated. The enhanced release of circulating TNF alpha after anti-CD3 mAb in diabetic NOD mice was abrogated by pre-treatment of mice with prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) 30 min prior to anti-CD3 mAb stimulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1992

[Pulse wave velocity as expression of arterial compliance and its importance in the evaluation of arterial hypertension].

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the arterial compliance through the evaluation of pulse wave velocity. DESIGN: Open study with direct comparison of different groups within a 12 week evaluation period. PATIENTS: 69 patients, 49 with hypertension and 20 normals individuals. INTERVENTIONS: Different groups with the following treatments: Isradipine, Lisinopril, Dilevalol and no therapy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: There is marked differences in the pulse wave velocity when hypertensive patients are compared with normal individuals (p < 0.001). In a 12 week therapeutic evaluation there is an improvement in the pulse wave velocity particularly when the arterial pressure was lowered to normal values in the hypertensive patients: Lisinopril (p < 0.005), Isradipine (p < 0.005), Dilevalol (p < 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: It is very easy to evaluate the pulse wave velocity. Arterial compliance, which may be evaluated using the pulse wave velocity, is significantly reduced in hypertensive patients, compared with age-matched control subjects. The use of antihypertensive drugs is associated with changes in arterial compliance. There is a significant decrease in the pulse wave velocity after the administration of ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and beta blockers for an equivalent fall in blood pressure. These observations emphasizes the potential importance of the changes in the large arteries, considered as either an associated factor or a consequence of elevated blood pressure, in the evaluation of the cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality of patients treated for hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Enhancement of immunosuppression by substitution of fish oil for olive oil as a vehicle for cyclosporine.

As previously reported, acute cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity is characterized by a decline in glomerular filtration rate and a selective intrarenal production of the vasoconstrictor thromboxane (TxA2), but not vasodilator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), or prostacyclin (PGI2), cyclooxygenase metabolites. Fish oils (FO), that are rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have a high affinity for cyclooxygenase but serve as poor substrate inhibit TxA2 synthesis. We have shown that when FO replaces olive oil (OO) as the vehicle for CsA, CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and increased TxA2 synthesis are obviated in rodent models. In this study, we demonstrate that the FO vehicle for CsA does not compromise CsA's immunosuppressive properties as deduced from studies of a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) model in BALB/c mice and in a rat heart transplant model. In fact, concurrent FO administration with CsA actually enhances immunosuppression. A dose of CsA incapable of blunting DTH when injected in OO was suppressive when given in FO. Administration of as little as 0.05 ml of FO vehicle potentiated the suppressive action of CsA. In addition, nonconcurrent dietary supplementation of FO in animals receiving CsA caused an increase in the immunosuppressive action of CsA in DTH. FO alone reduced DTH as compared with OO, but was far less effective than CsA plus FO. Furthermore, doses of CsA (5 mg/kg/day or 1.5 mg/kg/day), which are subtherapeutic when administered with OO, prolonged engraftment of Lewis recipients of Lewis x Brown-Norway F1 hearts when CsA was solubilized with FO. These studies indicate that concurrent administration of CsA and FO potentiates the activity of CsA and thus increases its therapeutic index. Thus, CsA plus FO is potentially a safe, potent antirejection therapy worthy of clinical testing, especially insofar as FO prevents CsA-induced acute nephrotoxicity in the rodent.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[Hypoglycemia: prevention and treatment].

The main measure against hypoglycaemia in diabetes mellitus is prevention by educating patients, their relatives and close friends. Therapy of a hypoglycaemic reaction depends on its severity cause and type of diabetes. Administration of small molecule sugars (saccharose/glucose) is mandatory. Full recovery is usual depending on the rapidity of diagnosis and treatment. Therapeutic measures for diverse hypoglycaemic situations and some practical considerations in relation to prevention are discussed by the authors.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1986

Effect of pregnancy on moderate renal failure in reflux nephropathy.

During a 10 year study of women with reflux nephropathy 20 women had plasma creatinine concentrations in the range 0.2-0.4 mmol/l (2.3-4.5 mg/100 ml). Six experienced pregnancies exceeding 12 weeks' gestation. Pregnancy was associated with rapid deterioration in function in all six, resulting in end stage renal failure in four women within two years after delivery despite adequate control of blood pressure. Of the 14 women who did not have a prolonged pregnancy, four had periods of uncontrolled hypertension, all of which were related to non-compliance or loss from follow up, or both. Uncontrolled hypertension was also associated with accelerated renal failure, and all four women progressed quickly to end stage renal failure. The remaining 10 women were observed for from five to 10 years; in all 10 renal function deteriorated slowly, and none reached end stage renal failure within seven years. It is concluded that pregnancy in patients with reflux nephropathy and moderately severe renal failure has a deleterious effect on renal function.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fast titration experiments using heat conduction microcalorimeters.

Thermopile heat conduction calorimeters normally have high time constants. Multistep titration experiments involving fast processes may then require several hours to perform. It is demonstrated that such experiments can be conducted about 10 times faster, without loss of accuracy, by use of a "dynamic correction method". For a new small vessel thermopile conduction calorimeter, injections can be made at 1.5-min intervals.

Calorimetry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Beneficial effects of added glicazide in patients with type II diabetes mellitus treated with insulin].

The aim of the study was to assess, in patients with non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), either with previous failure to sulphonylureas or insulin treated since the disease started, if the combination of gliclazide to insulin therapy might induce a reduction of daily insulin requirement. 30 caucasian type II patients used to self-monitoring (11 female, 19 male, mean age 55.78 +/- 8.07) with residual pancreatic function (glucagon induced C-peptide release = 1.01 +/- 0.70 microgram/ml) entered the study. 8 were excluded for non compliance or for high antiinsulin antibodies levels and 4 are still under study. Each patients was given, for 3 months, 240 mg of gliclazide in addition to usual daily dose of insulin. Data presented as mean +/- s.e.m. were analysed with analysis of variance (p less than 0.05). Mean initial values of main parameters were as follows: glycaemia 192.7 +/- 33.1 mg/100 ml, insulinaemia 9.5 +/- 4.5 microUI/ml, daily insulin requirements 33.11 +/- 10.47 U/d, HbA1 C 7.5 +/- 1.7%. Total cholesterol 240.1 +/- 52.2 mg/10 ml, triglycerides 120.6 +/- 60.3 mg/100 ml. After 3 months treatment significant reduction in mean daily insulin requirements (20.78 +/- 16.15 U/d) was observed. In 13 patients (72.2%) while keeping good metabolic control (HbA1 C 7.46 +/- 1.63), insulin therapy was reduced (9 patients) or even stopped (4 patients). In the other 5, insulin was maintained or slightly increased. The increase in glucagon induced C-peptide release (1.41 +/- 0.99 micrograms/ml) did not reach significance, while glycaemia and insulinaemia were not changed (196.0 +/- 34.1 mg/100 ml, 11.02 +/- 5.05 microUI/ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pregnancy and endocrinopathy. Activity, pathology and results at the outpatient obstetrics-endocrinology clinics of the University of Coimbra Hospitals--January 1980 through December 1988].

The authors have elaborated a statistic survey about the pregnant women with endocrinopathies, that they have examined in the outpatient clinic from January of 1980 to December of 1988. Three hundred and twenty four women were examined in an amount of 2152 (two thousand one hundred and fifty two) observations. The incidence for 100 births was 0.54%. Maternal and fetal mobility and mortality were analysed in correlation with the maternal area of endocrinopathy (Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid, Hypophysis and Adrenal Glands) and with the necessary therapeutic regimens. At last the A.A. made some considerations about the importance of a team approach in this area of medical care, and applied to the clinicians who work in primary care, to a better collaboration.

Endocrinology↗