Biomedical subjects
M Bauer
Publications and source records attributed to M Bauer.
The amino-acid sequence of three proteins of photosystem I of the cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon (Calothrix sp PCC 7601).
Three proteins containing 138 amino acids (psaD protein), 80 amino acids (psaC protein) and 66 amino acids (psaE protein) of the photosystem I (PS I) complex of the cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon (Calothrix sp PCC 7601) were isolated and sequenced. Comparison with previously known sequences showed a close relationship to homologous proteins of Nostoc, another filamentous cyanobacterium.
Biopsies of non-small cell lung cancer: central review in cooperative studies of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group.
Cooperative trials involving many institutions have long been recognized as a major means of gaining enough experience in a reasonably short period of time to determine the effectiveness of new approaches in cancer therapy. In order to make such multiinstitutional trials meaningful, it is necessary to have uniform and objective diagnostic standards in histopathology. Large cooperative therapeutic trials, such as the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) constructs, must rely on the histopathologic diagnoses of many pathologists from varied institutions or subject them to central review, which is a longer and costlier process. This study is an assay of the need for central review in cooperative studies on non-small cell lung cancer, which includes squamous cell, large cell, adenocarcinomas, and combined squamous cell and adenocarcinomas.
[Iotrolan-300 versus Iopamidol-300 in hysterosalpingography].
From 9.1988 to 7.1989 we carried out on 50 patients at the Department of Gynaecology of the University of Freiburg a randomized double-blind study to compare the first dimeric, nonionic, hexaiodinated, water-soluble contrast agent (Iotrolan-300 corresponding to Isovist-300) with a nonionic, monomeric preparation (Iopamidol-300 corresponding to Solutrast-300) using the concentration of 300 mg I/ml. Both medicaments show a high contrast quality in the X-rays. Complications like hypersensitivity reactions resp. actual local irritations were not recorded. Iotrolan-300 was found to be the best tolerated of the two contrast media in respect of mildest intensity of pain.
[Rupture of the tendon of the m. flexor pollicis longus--a rare complication after surgery on the scaphoid bone].
Tendon ruptures in the hand without previous direct trauma are rare. Two cases are reported on with attrition of the flexor pollicis longus tendon. The first tendon rupture was along a dislocated cortico-cancellous bone graft following a Matti-Russe procedure; the second was by attrition over the screw of an AO-plate following internal fixation in scaphoid nonunion. Immediate tendon repair by interposition of a short tendon graft or by transposition of the superficialis flexor tendon of the ring finger is the treatment of choice. Further tendon ruptures can arise if surgical intervention is delayed.
[The new development of an afterloading applicator for the primary treatment of endometrial carcinoma. The first clinical empirical report].
Presented is a new afterloading applicator used for primary brachytherapy of endometrial cancer. The advantages: The afterloading applicator holds six afterloading tubes which bundled together in a cover. After the cover is pulled back, the individual tubes expand as a result of the sleeve shape and of the inherent stress of the plastic material used and make direct contact with the endometrium and with the tumor. The applicator is 8 mm in diameter which means that the cervix has to be dilated to Hegar 8 or 9. Radiation planning is done on the basis of orthogonal localisation X rays or MR. The newly designed applicator can be used for both HDR and LDR afterloading procedures. We have clinical experiences in 42 applications.
[Experiences with continuous nerve block of the wrist].
Continuous nerve blocks are effective analgesics for physiotherapy following operative procedures on gliding tissues. In the upper extremity, continuous axillary blocks are regularly used, leading to weak muscular action and even paralysis, although active muscle action is wanted. With continuous wrist blocks, extrinsic motor function of the hand remains undisturbed. Placement of a polyethylene catheter near the nerves with instillation of a local anesthetic (carbostesine 0.5, 3-4 ml per nerve) provides complete anesthesia of the hand without loss of extrinsic motor function. After 124 nerve blocks in 60 patients, no complications (infections, nerve irritations or lesions) have been observed. Continuous wrist blocks are indicated for postoperative treatment after tenolysis, joint mobilisation or arthrolysis, open reduction and internal fixation and in certain cases of chronic pain care.
[Cervical carcinoma recurrences and their treatment at the University of Freiburg's Women's Clinic from 1976 to 1985].
From 1976 to 1985 151 recurrent carcinomas of the uterine cervix were diagnosed and in 118 cases they have been treated at the Gynaecological Centre of the University of Freiburg. The recurrences were divided according to the localisation scheme of Munnell and Bonney. 55 patients (47%) received radiotherapy, 22 (19%) surgery, 12 (10%) combined therapy of surgery and radiotherapy and 13 women (11%) chemotherapy or hormone therapy. 16 patients (13%) received a different type of therapy. We found most of the recurrences three or four years after the primary therapy. There was no correlation between the point of time of diagnosis of the recurrences and the prognosis. The distribution of the histology was no parameter for the OAS. The operative procedure demonstrates better results than the radiotherapy at recurrences in the centre of the pelvis--but there is no significance. The radiotherapy achieves significant better results than the operative treatment when we have large recurrences in the whole pelvis. If there is an answer of the tumour to the therapy, the OAS gets better--in these cases we should use, in spite of the risk of more side effects, the whole therapeutic range.
Skier's hip--a new clinical entity? Proximal femur fractures sustained in cross-country skiing.
Ten proximal femur fractures have been seen in patients who were cross-country skiing. An awareness of the dangers of this sport plus preventive and protective equipment may reduce the incidence of these injuries.
[Reconstruction of facial contour in hemifacial atrophy (Romberg disease) using a free revascularized scapula-fat-fascia flap].
Presented is a case of progressive hemifacial atrophy. The reconstruction of the deficient left face-contour was performed by a free microsurgical transplanted fat-fascia flap from the scapular region. The position of the fascial layer of the inlay, facing skeletal and muscular structures, enables fixation of the transplanted tissue to zygomatic periosteum and fascia of the temporalis muscle. Thus we have advantage to avoid sagging of the transplanted tissue in upright position and to remove over-correcting applied amounts of fatty tissue during the first corrective operation.
Changes in individual plasma free fatty acids in obese females during fasting and refeeding.
In order to determine whether the metabolism of individual free fatty acids is affected by fasting, plasma levels were measured daily in seven obese females during ten days of fasting and four days of refeeding. There was a gradual rise in free fatty acids throughout the fasting period with some variability during the last three days. Free fatty acids remained high during early refeeding followed by a decrease at the end of refeeding. Changes in concentration were most pronounced for oleic (18:1w9) and palmitic (16:0) acids which had the highest initial levels. Expressed as percent change from baseline, oleic, palmitic, and linoleic (18:2w6) acids had similar patterns, while changes were more dramatic for palmitoleic acid (16:1) and less so for stearic acid (18:0) than the others. When expressed as proportion of total free fatty acids, there was very little change in any individual free fatty acid despite the large fluctuations in actual plasma values. It appears that the five major free fatty acids in plasma undergo similar changes during fasting and refeeding, and the palmitic and oleic acids can serve as suitable tracers for metabolic studies.
[Acute pain in the lower abdomen and calcification of the lesser pelvis].
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[The introduction of a newly developed radiation table for optimized radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery].
The half-side position is qualified for the radiation after breast-conserving therapy. By this we have a favourable position of the breast without pleats lateral or in the submammary region. To optimize the radiotherapy we developed a new radiation table. This table guarantees a free choosable half-side position of the patient respectively the breast reproducible every time. Until today we have used successful this new developed radiation table at 48 patients after breast-conserving therapy.
Serum triiodothyronine values. Prognostic indicators of acute mortality due to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
A feasibility study was undertaken prospectively to identify early clinical and laboratory factors predictive of acute hospital mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and concurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Twenty-six patients hospitalized with bronchoscopy-proved P carinii pneumonia were studied. Nineteen patients survived their episode of P carinii pneumonia, while 7 subjects did not. The only clinical factor associated with mortality was a history of a shorter duration of pulmonary symptoms. Univariate analysis showed decreased total CD8 cell count, total lymphocyte count, serum hemoglobin, serum albumin, total thyroxine, and total triiodothyronine values consistent with a poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the single best prognostic indicator of acute mortality appeared to be a total serum triiodothyronine value less than 0.70 nmol/L obtained early in the hospital course, and that the combination of serum triiodothyronine and hemoglobin values provided a better indication for survival. These preliminary observations would appear to justify the further exploration of serial serum triiodothyronine measurements as a potentially valuable prognostic indicator for the treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infected with P carinii and possibly other intercurrent infectious illnesses.
Is arterial proximity a valid indication for arteriography in penetrating extremity trauma? A prospective analysis.
Three hundred seventy-three patients with a penetrating extremity injury were studied to assess the yield of arteriography. Patients underwent arteriography if any of the following was present: bruit, history of hemorrhage or hypotension, fracture, hematoma, decreased capillary refill, major soft-tissue injury, or nerve or pulse deficit. In the absence of these findings, arteriography was performed if the injury was in "proximity" to a major neurovascular bundle. In 216 patients, arteriography was performed when an abnormal finding was noted. Sixty-five injuries were identified, 19 requiring intervention. Proximity was the indication for arteriography in 157 patients. Seventeen injuries were identified, of which one required repair. In penetrating extremity trauma, the need for arteriography is based on clinical findings. The use of arteriography to screen for an arterial injury when proximity alone is the indication rarely identifies a significant injury and should be abandoned.
Differential scanning calorimetry study of the interaction of antidepressant drugs, noradrenaline, and 5-hydroxytryptamine with a membrane model.
Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the interaction of a membrane model with two neuromediators [noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin)] and four antidepressant drugs (imipramine, indalpine, citalopram, and milnacipran), known to be uptake inhibitors of these neuromediators. The study was carried out on dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine liposomes, a bilayer phospholipid system taken as a simplified model of biological membranes. Analysis of the thermograms led us to classify the molecules according to their lipophilic action, as in the conventional measurement of the water-octanol partition coefficient, and also enabled us to precisely determine their location along the phospholipid bilayer. A hypothesis based on this localization is put forward concerning the competitive, or otherwise, character of the blocking of uptake of the neuromediators. The extreme cases of interaction and localization of imipramine and milnacipran, a new antidepressant, relative to the bilayer are also analyzed in terms of side effects.
Effect of gemfibrozil on erythrocyte membrane lipids in geriatric patients.
Twenty geriatric patients with primary or secondary hyperlipidemia and suffering from various other diseases received for three weeks once daily 900 mg gemfibrozil. The hyperlipidemia had not been treated before, and a cholesterol-reduced diet did not succeed in lowering total cholesterol below 6.75 mmol/l (260 mg/100 ml) and serum triglycerides below 1.97 mmol/l (175 mg/100 ml). The purpose of this study was to analyze the lipid composition of the erythrocyte membrane, serum lipids and rheological parameters before and after the therapy. Mean serum total cholesterol and triglyceride content decreased significantly by 16.3% (p less than 0.05) and 35.2% (p less than 0.01) on average, respectively. Aggregation of thrombocytes and of erythrocytes, thrombin time and partial thromboplastin time slightly varied during the three weeks' treatment, but without statistical significance. The content of total long-chain saturated fatty acids in the phospholipid fraction of the erythrocyte membrane decreased slightly from 41.3% to 40.9% (p less than 0.05), whereas the total w6-unsaturated fatty acids without the precursor linoleic acid increased by about the same extent from 15.66% to 16.0% (p less than 0.05). The molar ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol content decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) due to a reduced phospholipid content at the end of the therapy. In conclusion, in addition to reducing the serum lipids, gemfibrozil slightly effects the lipid composition of erythrocytes, but the effects of the varied concentrations of long-chain saturated and long-chain w6-unsaturated fatty acids in the phospholipid fraction on membrane fluidity might be compensated, at least partly, by the decrease of the ratio of membrane phospholipid to cholesterol.
Experimental pancytopenia of the peripheral blood with granulocytopoietic bone marrow hyperplasia in the beagle-dog.
During subacute and chronic toxicity studies on beagle dogs with the platelet aggregation inhibitor UH-A 46 XX, a suboxicam derivative, a pancytopenia of the peripheral blood with granulocytopoietic bone marrow hyperplasia was induced. Our observations are based on the results of a 13 week routine experiment (control group and dosage groups 5-, 50- and 700 mg/kg per day UH-A 46 XX) and on a special open-ended reversibility study (control group and dosage groups 50- and 700 mg/kg). The reversibility study included closely monitored hematological controls, bone-marrow cytology from sternal punctures and plastic section histology of iliac crest biopsies. During this study, plasma levels of the substance were estimated. The reproducible syndrome described was similar in the dogs in both studies. As early as the 8th week, but mostly between the 9th and 12th experimental weeks, one third of the animals treated orally with 700 mg/kg b.wt. UH-A 46 XX per day developed an acute fever (10 out of 30 animals). Four died several days later. Dogs treated with 5 or 50 mg/kg UH-A 46 XX remained unaffected. In the diseased dogs in both studies, proven pancytopenia was associated with the occurrence of numerous hematopoietic, especially granulocytopoietic precursors. The hyperplastic bone marrow showed a massive increase in granulocytopoiesis with considerable maturation arrest. These processes were accompanied by suppression or reduction of erythropoiesis. In addition, histological findings in the animals that died showed extramedullary hematopoiesis in different organs. During the second study, the reversibility was investigated in sick animals. If substance administration was terminated when the illness had reached its peak, normalization occurred quickly within 2 to 3 weeks. The animals remained healthy until the end of the long term follow-up which varied from 9 to 10 months. The pathogenesis of pancytopenia caused by UH-A 46 XX seems to be a chemically induced hyperdestruction of the peripheral blood cells. This appraisal is supported by the clear degenerative alterations in the granulocytic cells of the peripheral blood. An additional inhibitory effect of UH-A 46 XX on cellular maturation processes of hematopoiesis can be assumed.