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Biomedical subjects

M Begum

Publications and source records attributed to M Begum.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Establishment of an immortalised human ovarian surface epithelial cell line without chromosomal instability.

Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is thought to derive from ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). The black box of the early molecular changes in ovarian carcinogenesis is being interpreted by the development of experimental systems employing immortalised human OSE cells. However, the existing cell lines of the OSE cells have limited utility due to chromosomal instability. Our goal was to establish new immortalised human OSE cells that retain the original characteristics of the primary cells without chromosomal alterations. Using primary human OSE cells obtained from a postmenopausal patient with endometrial cancer, five cell lines ('HOSE1' lines) were newly established by infection with retroviral expression vectors containing type 16 human papillomavirus (HPV-16) E6, E7, a variant E6 (E6delta151), and Bmi1 polycomb gene, in combination with telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Consequently, five HOSE1s cell lines, HOSE1s-E6/hTERT, -E7/hTERT, -E6/E7/hTERT, -E6delta151/E7/hTERT, and -E6delta151/Bmi1/hTERT, grew beyond the population doubling number of 200. These cell lines, except for HOSE1-E6/hTERT, essentially showed the original features of the primary human OSE cells. Of them, HOSE1-E7/hTERT preserved diploidy in a kariotype analysis, and did not show transformed phenotypes in anchorage-independent growth and tumour formation. Thus, HOSE1-E7/hTERT may provide a novel model system with which to investigate the mechanisms of early molecular changes.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Radioactivity in building materials used in and around Dhaka city.

The activity levels of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K were determined using gamma-ray spectroscopy in different commercial brands of cement, sand and hollow concrete bricks, which were collected from the building material suppliers of Dhaka City. The activity concentrations in the samples were found to be somewhat higher than in other countries. An effort has been made to assess the radiation hazard associated with these materials by determining the gamma activity concentration index I. It was found that the value of I for all the samples was <or=2, which indicates that the gamma dose contribution was not more than 0.3 mSv y(-1). The samples considered were safe for use in the construction of urban dwellings in Bangladesh and do not pose any significant source of radiation hazard.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed2004

Factors affecting family size in rural Bangladesh.

This was a cross sectional study which was conducted to estimate the family size and to identify the factors influencing family size in rural areas of Bangladesh. Respondents of 150 households were interviewed through interview schedule and in-depth questionnaires. The size of the family was observed as 4.59 persons where nearly half of the respondents (48%) having less than five members. Age of the respondent, number of children, age of the first and last child, average monthly income, number of rooms in the house, persons living in the main dwelling houses, number of earning persons having audio-visual assets had statistically significant association with the size of the family and all were with higher percentage in big family. Middle-income group was more in the small and big family category (75% and 65.40% respectively). The higher income group was more common in big family than small one (23.10% and 8.30% respectively). There was significant association between family size & average monthly income (p < 0.05). Number of earning persons, housing type, number of rooms in the house and persons living in the main dwelling houses were also interdependent with average monthly income and proved to be a factor for family size determination. The study emphasises that family planning activities should be intensified with modification of educational programs in mass media to attract the rural population regarding family size.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Search for phase specific genes in the brain of desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) by differential display polymerase chain reaction.

Differential display reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) in combination with semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to compare differences in gene expression between the solitary and gregarious phase of Schistocerca gregaria. Twenty-six primer combinations were used, which produced 8 differential bands. Two out of the 8 differentials, one typical for the solitary and one for the gregarious phase, were further analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The expression level of the solitary phase specific gene (SSG) was 2 times higher in solitary animals as compared to gregarious ones, while the gregarious specific gene (GSG) gave a 4-fold higher expression level in gregarious animals than in solitaries. Sequence analysis demonstrated that SSG does not belong to a known gene family, while the GSG belongs to the SPARC protein family.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2002

Prognostic factors analysis in a therapeutic trail of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).

It is common practice in therapeutic trials in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) to analyse the impact of prognostic factors on clinical outcome. In this study, 30 newly diagnosed ALL patients were enrolled and the median age was 14.5 years. 22 patients were male and 8 patients were female. Prognostic factors analysed include age, sex, lymphomatous presentations (bulky peripheral lymphadenopathy, mediastinal mass and enlargement of spleen and liver), initial leucocyte count, blast cell morphology and bone marrow response to chemotherapy. Remission induction and maintenance therapy with conventional combination chemotherapy and CNS prophylaxis with intra thecal methotrexate and radiotherapy were instituted to all patients for long term event free survival. Results of induction therapy and overall outcomes of treatment were observed. The impacts of analyzed prognostic factors on clinical outcomes were assessed. 3 patients (10%) failed to go into remission after 12 weeks of therapy. 27 patients (90%) obtained remission. Among 27 patients those obtained remission, 17 patients continued event (failure to remit, relapse and death) free survival, 7 patients suffered relapse of their leukaemia and 3 patients died during maintenance therapy. Events were observed more among patients age group > or = 20 yrs (84%), initial WBC count > or = 50 x 10(9)/L (58%) and FABL2 morphology (80%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Correlation of fine needle aspiration cytology and its histopathology in diagnosis of breast lumps.

This study was carried out to evaluate the accuracy of FNAC and the role of FNAC in palpable breast lumps for the early surgical management in out patient and inpatient basis. The study was carried out in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January-December, 2000. FNAC was performed on 310 patients presented with palpable breast lumps. Histopathology was available for 122 cases. Of them, cytologically diagnosed benign cases were 106, histologically 105 cases were proved so. There was false negative diagnosis in one case. All 14 cases diagnosed as malignant cytologically proved as such histologically. Two cases reported as suspicious for malignancy one of which were proved malignant histologically. False positive diagnosis was made in one case. FNAC of breast lump was found to be associated with increased diagnostic yields. It can be carried out safely as a preoperative diagnostic method in-patients with breast lumps mostly in out-patient department.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed2001

Local production of anti-vibrio cholerae mucosal antibody in reproductive tract tissues after cholera.

To investigate whether intestinal presentation of an antigen by Vibrio cholerae, a noninvasive organism, could induce an anatomically distant mucosal immune response in reproductive tract tissues, the endocervical immune responses of women in Bangladesh were evaluated after cholera. Endocervical secretions were analyzed for secretory IgA (sIgA) antibody against the B subunit of cholera toxin (CtxB) in 9 women with cholera and 8 women with diarrhea caused by neither V. cholerae nor heat labile enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli. Women infected with V. cholerae developed significant sIgA anti-CtxB responses in endocervical samples (P< or =.02). Antibody subtype analysis of endocervical IgA was consistent with local mucosal production (P< or =.001). Women with cholera did not develop sIgA anti-CtxB responses in serum. The ability to generate specific mucosal immune responses in reproductive tract tissues after intestinal presentation of antigen could facilitate development of vaccines effective against reproductive tract pathogens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Recommendations for water supply in arsenic mitigation: a case study from Bangladesh.

Arsenic problems have been observed in several countries around the world. The challenges of arsenic mitigation are more difficult for developing and poor countries due to resource and other limitations. Bangladesh is experiencing the worst arsenic problem in the world, as about 30 million people are possibly drinking arsenic contaminated water. Lack of knowledge has hampered the mitigation initiatives. This paper presents experience gained during an action research on water supply in arsenic mitigation in rural Singair, Bangladesh. The mitigation has been implemented there through integrated research and development of appropriate water supply options and its use through community participation. Political leaders and women played key roles in the success of the mitigation. More than one option for safe water has been developed and/or identified. The main recommendations include: integration of screening of tubewells and supply of safe water, research on technological and social aspects, community, women and local government participation, education and training of all stakeholders, immediate and appropriate use of the available knowledge, links between intermediate/immediate and long term investment, effective coordination and immediate attention by health, nutrition, agriculture, education, and other programs to this arsenic issue.

Arsenic↗
PubMed1993

The transformation in vitro of peripheral lymphocytes of malnourished children.

Children with protein energy malnutrition showed high deranged cellular immunity as evidenced by impairment of lymphocyte transformation after stimulation by phytohaemagglutination (PHA). The proliferative response (PR) to PHA measured by estimating incorporation of tritiated thymidine into newly synthesized DNA. In-vitro proliferative response to PHA was used as a marker for studying the functional characteristics of T lymphocytes of children with different categories of malnutrition. PHA response of peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from different categories of severely malnourished children were significantly low compared to healthy control children (P < 0.01). The results indicate that cell mediated immunity was grossly depressed in severe malnutrition.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Cytopathological and immunohistochemical study for estimating radiotherapeutic effects in uterine cervical cancer.

In order to estimate the effects of radiation on cancer tissue, cytopathological findings, BrdU labelling index (L.I.), tumor markers and C-myc oncogene products were examined in 30 patients of uterine cervical cancer, before radiation, at around 10Gy, 30Gy, 50Gy and at the end of the therapy. In order to assess the radiotherapeutic effects, the cytological, histological, immunohistological findings were evaluated by Papanicolaou's classification, Oboshi and Shimosato's grading system and BrdU L.I. In the cytology, the radiation effect, such as the enlargement and vacuolation of the nuclei and cytoplasm, was observed at around 10Gy of radiation, and significantly increased at around 30Gy showing lysis of the cells and pyknosis of the nuclei. The histological observation recorded remarkable change in the cancer tissue at around 30Gy of radiation. The BrdU L.I. showed a meaningful decrease around 30Gy in the radiosensitive cases compared with the radioresistant cases. Moreover, immunohistochemical investigation indicated the location of SCC and SLX in the cytoplasm of the cancer cells and of C-myc product in the nuclei. A distinct radiation effect was found in the C-myc oncogene product at around 10Gy. Ras oncogene was not found in the adenocarcinoma cases investigated. From these findings it is concluded that BrdU L.I., revealed by immunohistological study, is the most suitable indicator to estimate the response of radiation in cancer cells of the uterine cervix and that C-myc oncogene product has the potentiality to be used as a prognostic factor in uterine cervical cancer treated by radiation therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Child abuse and neglect as seen in General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur--a two year study.

Eighty-six children diagnosed as child abuse and/or neglect were admitted to the Paediatric wards of the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur during 1985 and 1986. Of these cases, 62 were of physical abuse, six of sexual abuse, one case of both physical and sexual abuse and 17 of neglect. There were 25 boys and 61 girls. Thirty-four of these children were Malays, 16 Chinese, 26 Indians, three mixed and seven illegal immigrants. Twenty-one were below the age of one year, 24 from one to four years, 25 from five to nine years and 16 were ten years and above. The abusers were mainly close members of the family. Of these children, 24 were sent back to their parents and 11 to their relatives home. Twenty-seven were taken into care by the Ministry of Social Welfare and the remaining seven children who were illegal immigrants, were deported with their parents. Only one child was successfully fostered. Eleven children were taken away from the hospital by their parents or guardians without the knowledge of the health staff. There were five deaths in the series.

Child↗