Pharmacokinetics of eprinomectin in plasma and milk in lactating camels (Camelus dromedarius).
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Administration, Topical↗
Biomedical subjects
M Bengoumi
Publications and source records attributed to M Bengoumi.
Comparative pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after a single intramuscular administration at two dosages to camels (Camelus dromedarius).
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Animals↗
Comparative study of copper and zinc metabolism in cattle and camel.
At an experimental farm, five camels and five cows were fed a similar basal diet for 6 mo. They received oral trace element supplementation for 3 mo (day 22-112). This supplementation included zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, iodine, and cobalt, and corresponded to twice the requirements generally recommended for cows. Plasma copper and zinc concentrations were significantly lower in the camels (61 micrograms/100 mL for copper and 38 micrograms/100 mL for zinc) than in the cows (111 and 83, respectively). The supplementation had no effect on plasma zinc concentration in the camels in spite of the low observed values in this species. Liver copper concentration at the beginning of the trial was lower in the camels (9 ppm) than in the cows (35 ppm), and stayed at lower levels during the entire supplementation period. There was no clear difference in fecal excretion of copper and zinc between the camels and the cows. The results suggested that trace element requirements are lower in camels than in cows and that camels regulate their plasma zinc concentration at a very low level (< 40 micrograms/100 mL).
Animals↗
Trace-elements status in camels. A review.
Data relating to trace-elements status in camels is scarce, from both a clinical and biochemical point of view. Clinical deficiency or toxicity has rarely been described in this species. However, there is a some evidence that camels are sensitive to trace element disorders in the same way as other ruminants. For example, copper deficiency in camels has been reported in East Africa. Normal plasma level is comparable to cattle (70-120 mg/100 mL). Camels appear to maintain zinc levels at a lower value than other domestic ruminants (< 60 micrograms/100 mL). Iron metabolism is more active in the liver than in the spleen. Data concerning manganese levels are possibly unreliable. Some cases of selenium deficiency (white muscle disease) have been reported. No data are available for cobalt status in camels. Finally, camels appear to be more sensitive to iodine deficiency than the other domestic ruminants.
Animals↗
Comparative relationship between copper-zinc plasma concentrations and superoxide dismutase activity in camels and cows.
On an experimental farm, five camels and five cows were fed with a similar basal diet over a 6-month period. They received an oral trace element supplement for 3 months (days 22-112). This supplement contained zinc and copper sulphate, and corresponded to twice the daily requirement generally recommended for cows. Plasma zinc and copper concentrations were significantly lower in camels (44 micrograms/100 mL for copper and 38 micrograms/100 mL for zinc) than in cows (106 and 83 micrograms/100 mL, respectively). The supplementation had no effect on the plasma zinc concentration in the camels in spite of the low observed values. The mean erythrocyte SOD activity was also significantly higher in the cows (2,404 +/- 211 IU/100 gHb) than in the camels (1,720 +/- 312 IU/100 gHb). In both species, no correlation was found between copper plasma concentration and erythrocyte SOD activity. In cows, a positive relationship was observed between plasma zinc concentration and SOD activity (r = 0.396). In contrast, a negative relationship was found in camels (r = -0.369). These results are discussed in relation to the physiological peculiarities of the camel.
Animal Feed↗