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Biomedical subjects

M Benmiloud

Publications and source records attributed to M Benmiloud.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Arginine-vasopressin in postpartum panhypopituitarism: urinary excretion and kidney response to osmolar load.

The response to an osmolar load (750 ml 2.5% NaCl solution iv preceded by 500 ml water by mouth) was studied in 20 patients with Sheehan's syndrome and 12 normal women. Sodium and osmolality were determined in plasma and urine and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) was measured by RIA in urine. The test was performed in each patient when untreated (group P), after hydrocortisone replacement alone (group F), and combined hydrocortisone and thyroid hormone replacement (group F+T). After the osmolar loading, maximum urinary osmolality in the patients was lower than in the normal women and remained unaffected by both hydrocortisone alone and hydrocortisone and thyroid hormone. Comparison of the mean hourly urinary volume before and after NaCl infusion demonstrated an increase in group P, a decrease in group C, and no change in groups F and F+T. Although free water clearance became negative in all groups, values in groups P, F, and F+T were constantly above that of group C. None of the patients in groups P and F had a significant rise in urine AVP excretion during or after NaCl infusion. Those in group F+T had a slight AVP response which was less than in normal women. Impaired response of AVP to an osmolar load appears to be a constant feature of Sheehan's syndrome even without overt diabetes insipidus.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of thyroidectomy on heart and liver rat tRNAs: study of chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour.

Modifications of tRNAs in various physiological or experimental conditions are well documented. We have compared isoacceptor tRNAs extracted from target organs (heart and liver) from thyroidectomized rats to those of control animals. Nine liver aminoacyl-tRNAs and eight heart aminoacyl-tRNAs from thyroidectomized and control rats were analysed by RPC-5 chromatography. Quantitative differences were demonstrated in the relative proportions of the various liver tRNA isoacceptors for glycine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine and serine and of the heart isoacceptor tRNAs for glycine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine and valine. A qualitative variation was noted only for tRNATyr from the heart and liver of thyroidectomized rats. Isoacceptor tRNAs were obtained at a high resolution using a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Isoacceptor tRNAs corresponding to 14 amino acids for the liver and 12 amino acids for the heart were identified. Although for most of the tRNAs examined the number of isoacceptors remained unchanged, the number of spots corresponding to tRNAGlu and tRNAHis from the liver and tRNAAla from the heart was different after thyroidectomy. Furthermore the change in electrophoretic behaviour of tRNATyr from the liver of thyroidectomized rats suggests a structural modification of one of the isoacceptors in relation to the change in thyroid status. Thus, thyroid hormones appear to induce some modification of the isoacceptor tRNAs in their target organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The renin-angiotensin system in panhypopituitarism: dynamic studies and therapeutic effects in Sheehan's syndrome.

To gain insight in the influence of the pituitary gland on the renin-angiotensin system plasma renin substrate (PRS) and the response of PRA to stimulation were studied in a homogeneous group of 20 female patients with the same etiology and degree of pituitary failure, before treatment (group P), after hydrocortisone substitution (group F), and after hydrocortisone and thyroid hormone treatment (group F + T). All patients were studied before and after each treatment by response to two stimulatory tests, acting through two different pathways; orthostasis test (O-T) and the furosemide test (Furo-T). Results were compared between groups, each patient serving as her own control, and with those obtained in a 12 healthy women control group (group C). The diet contained about 85 meq Na/day. Compared to group C (O-T response, 5.97 +/- 0.54 ng ml-1 h-1; Furo-T response, 6.71 +/- 0.82 ng ml-1 h-1; mean +/- SEM), PRA response to both tests was blunted in group P (O-T: 2.48 +/- 0.46, P less than 0.001; Furo-T: 3.02 +/- 0.53, P less than 0.001) and remained so in F (O-T: 2.18 +/- 0.40, P less than 0.001; Furo-T: 2.52 +/- 0.28, P less than 0.001), In group F + T, the response to both tests was greater than in P and F (O-T, 6.61 +/- 1.19; Furo-T, 4.36 +/- 0.44; 0.001 less than P less than 0.05). However, whereas the response to orthostasis is entirely normalized, the response to a diuretic remained significantly smaller than in group C (P less than 0.01). These improvements were observed without significant change in PRS concentration which remained low. We conclude that panhypopituitarism is accompanied by an altered renin angiotensin system. Basal levels of PRS and PRA are low and unresponsive to adequate stimulation. Whereas glucocorticoid therapy alone is without effect on this hyporeninism, addition of thyroid hormones completely normalized the response to orthostasis and significantly improved furosemide response.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

TSH-regulation and goitrogenesis in severe iodine deficiency.

Since goitre prevalence increases sharply during the first two decades of life, age-related changes in the adaptation of the thyroid to iodine deficiency may occur. In order to study this, we have measured serum levels of TSH, T4 and T3 in 247 subjects (age range 5 to 60 years) living in an endemic goitre area of North Algeria (group A) and in 64 control subjects living in the non-iodine deficient city of Algiers (group B). TRH tests were also performed in 88 subjects from the goitrous area and in 30 controls. Patients from group A had significantly higher serum TSH and T3 and lower serum T4 than those from group B. Analysis of group A by age groups revealed significantly higher TSH concentrations in the 2-9 years group and a moderate but significant decrease in the group from 50-59 years. No significant changes were demonstrated for T4 and T3. In the goitrous area, the response of TSH to TRH was exaggerated and prolonged. delta TSH20 was inversely correlated with age. The different age groups showed a significantly progressive and continuous decrease of delta TSH20, delta TSH60, delta TSH120 from age 10-19 to age 50-59 years. Our findings thus show a sharp increase of TSH during the first decades of life, which coincides with the phase of maximal growth of the thyroid gland. These results suggest that TSH plays a definite role in the genesis of endemic goitre. The subsequent progressive decrease of TSH secretion and reserve, with unchanged T4 and T3, imply a gradual development of autonomous activity in longstanding multinodular goitre.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

H-Y positive 46 XX true hermaphroditism with intrascrotal uterus.

A rare form of true hermaphroditism with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, gynaecomastia, presence of an intrascrotal uterus, and 46 XX karyotype, is reported. It is the third published case in the literature since 1965. The presence of H-Y antigen and of testicular tissue in the absence of a Y chromosome is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Thyrotropic reserve in Sheehan's syndrome. Study in 36 patients (author's transl)].

Thyrotropic involvement is considered to be constant in Sheehan's syndrome. In this study, plasma thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were similar to those of normal women (respectively: 1.01 +/- 0.54 ng/ml and 0.54 +/- 0.27 ng/ml). The pituitary response to the administration of TRH was nul in 63.8% of cases. In one patient, thyrotrophic function was normal. Twelve patients had a minimal or moderate reserve of TRH. By order of prevalence, thyrotrophic involvement succeeds that of the somatotrophic and lactotrophic axes. There is no correlation with involvement of other axes which would make it possible to define a sequential course of pituitary lesions. These results are discussed in the light of the existing literature. The TRH test does not offer certain evidence of hypothalamic involvement.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of the surgical treatment of Basedow's disease. Apropos of 30 cases].

Thyroid function was evaluated after thyroidectomy in 30 cases of Graves' disease. 15 patients were euthyroid, 6 of them were TRH non responsive suggesting a risk of relapse. Indeed, the 3 proven cases of relapse were TRH non responsive before relapse and remained so after treatment. The severe iodine deficiency in Algeria did not seem to increase the frequency of post-operative hypothyroidism. Neither did the duration of carbimazole therapy, the severity of thyroid lymphocytic infiltration or thyroid antibodies titer. Thyroid remnant size, although difficult to estimate, appears to be inversely related to post-operative TSH values.

Adolescent↗