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Biomedical subjects

M Beutel

Publications and source records attributed to M Beutel.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Grief, depression and anxiety after spontaneous abortion--a study of systematic evaluation and factors of influence].

Recent studies demonstrate profound and long-lasting adverse psychological and family sequelae of a spontaneous abortion. However, decisive issues of quality, course and determinants cannot be answered sufficiently due to shortcomings of research (e.g. lack of representative samples and adequate measures, reliance on cross-sectional study designs). Grief reactions and their determinants are differentiated in relation to depressiveness and anxiety in 86 patients from a longitudinal study, employing the Perinatal Grief Scale (Thoedter et al. 1988) and standardized symptom checklists. For the majority of the women, around the 10th week of gestation, the embryo is psychologically represented in fantasies, dreams and concrete arrangements in reality. Immediately after the abortion, these women react with painful feelings of "active grief" and "despair". Additional stresses in the pregnancy and lack of social support predict "self-reproachful coping". Women with recurrent abortions who have no children show depressive reactions. Retrospectively, these also present more anxiety and depressive moods during pregnancy. Results support reliability and validity of the grief scale. Implications for counselling and psychotherapy of women after a spontaneous abortion are discussed with respect to these risk constellations.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1991

[Psychobiology of grief and loss processing--recent immunologic and endocrinologic approaches and findings].

Recent studies demonstrate the importance of social relationships for maintaining health. As mechanisms remain hidden in ongoing relationships, much of our knowledge comes from the deleterious health consequences of loss or separation. Despite the central importance of object loss in psychosomatic models of disease, physiological links have hardly been explored. After a short review of psychological processes of mourning, recent psychoimmunological and endocrinological studies are discussed. These show fairly consistent immunosuppressive effects of depressive disorders and of impending and actual loss of the partner and endocrinological changes, also related in magnitude to depression. First results of intervention studies show favorable endocrinological and immunological changes presumably due to promotion of social relations and reduction of distress. Despite manifold methodological problems this approach provides a promising access towards understanding the meaning of social relations for physiological regulation. Decisive issues of the relationship of immunological and endocrinological changes and their clinical relevance must await further longitudinal studies which should include a more detailed psychological analysis of mourning and object relations.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Adaptation of permanent bovine kidney cells to serum free hormone supplemented cell culture media].

The examinations show, that it is possible to adapt MDBK-cells (ATCC CCL 22) to serum-poor (0.1% fetal calf serum) and to serum-free, adequate supplemented media. Morphology of the cells remained unchanged. The components of the serum-free medium are a 50:50 mixture of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and HAM's F12 medium, supplemented with insulin (5 micrograms ml-1), transferrin (10 micrograms ml-1), thyroglobulin (10 micrograms ml-1), prostaglandin E1 (50-100 ng ml-1). Seeding cells at a density of 26.10(3) cm-2 at day 0 resulted in better multiplication than a higher seeding density.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[What protects health? On the research status and importance of personal resources in managing daily stresses and life change events].

In recent developmental and psychosomatic studies the focus shifts from pathogenic to health protective factors. Literature on coping with daily stresses, life events and biographic determinants is reviewed. Despite conceptual (negative health definitions, divergent theoretical backgrounds and values) and methodological problems (reliance on self-report and trait measurement) moderate, however consistent health protective affects of personal resources are shown. These are mainly generalized attitudes of persons toward self and their environment (e.g. optimism, internal locus of control, self-efficacy, commitment). Contrasting influential concepts (sense of coherence, hardiness) the bias toward self-reliant, internal control as health protective resource is criticized and a plea is made for conjoint consideration of health-protective influences of social relationships.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

[Alcoholism--development and treatment from the psychoanalytic viewpoint].

Based on psychoanalytical explanatory models 4 groups of alcoholics can be distinguished: 1. Alcoholics with severe character disorder use their drug as a mean of self-punishment by self-destruction. 2. Alcoholics with low ego strength use alcohol as a stimulus barrier in an attempt at self-healing. 3. In predominantly neurotic patients alcohol consumption is considered as a regression to an oral level of drive satisfaction. 4. Alcoholism as a reaction to adverse life events is not adequately taken into account by classical analytical theory. Depending on the predominant level of personal pathology differential treatment indications are recommended.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1985

Approaches to taxonomy and measurement of adaptation in chronic disease.

The concept of adaptation has gained central importance in research on chronic disease. The article reviews recent developments in the major theoretical concepts, coping, defense and social support. A schema for classification is introduced distinguishing coping and defense processes at the individual (cognitive-emotional and behavioral), interpersonal and institutional levels. Some often neglected aspects of the evaluation (concerning temporal orientation, level, areas and perspective of rater) are pointed out. Underlying methodological aspects are briefly reviewed. Applying conceptual demands of theories of adaptation to research on chronic disease shows major research deficits, especially a lack of accepted definitions of adjustment, a preference for static, one-dimensional and cross-sectional research and a lack of adequate assessment procedures. Desiderata for future research are suggested.

Adaptation, Psychological↗