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Biomedical subjects

M Bhuyan

Publications and source records attributed to M Bhuyan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Role of Anopheles culicifacies during an outbreak of malaria in Gorubandha P.H.C., Assam.

Entomological investigation during an outbreak of malaria in Gorubandha PHC in Sonitpur district revealed unusually high density of Anopheles culicifacies followed by An.minimus. Parity rates of both the species were very high, 65% and 62.2% respectively. An. culicifacies was incriminated as malaria vector. Sporozoite rate recorded was 0.63%. Both the species were found susceptible to DDT. This substantiates the epidemiological observation which yielded 98% Plasmodium falciparum malaria out of 35.2% malaria positive cases. Incrimination of An. culicifacies means adding one more malaria vector to this region.

Animals↗

Mosquito survey in Tripura.

Vector survey carried out in Tripura revealed the presence of 17 species of anophelines with a density of 92.39 per trap night. Major malaria vector encountered was Anopheles philippinensis which formed 30% of the total collection and is exophagic in nature. Another efficient malaria vector An. minimus which formed 5% of the total collection prevails equally both indoors and outdoors. The high parity rate of An. philippinensis (59%) and An. minimus (63.9%) gives a strong indication about their vectorial status in Tripura.

Animals↗

Active malaria transmission in South Mizoram.

Anopheles dirus was incriminated as malaria vector with 1.12% sporozoite rate in Tlabong (Demagiri) subdivision, Mizoram. High parity rate of A. dirus (33.69%) and A. minimus (52.87%) further confirmed their vectorial status. Both the vectors were found highly susceptible to 4% DDT.

Animals↗

Studies on malaria and filariasis vectors in Kamorta and Great Nicobar Islands.

A total of 1401 adult mosquitoes mainly dominated by Anopheles sundaicus (40.18%) and Culex quinquefasciatus (57.31%) were collected from Kamorta and Great Nicobar Islands. It was revealed from human bait collection that both species prevailed almost all through the night (density 8.1/man hour) with a peak around midnight. Mixed breeding of A. sundaicus with A. vagus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was observed at many places. Adult A. sundaicus were found highly susceptible to DDT and larvae to Temephos (Abate). Cx. quinquefasciatus was resistant to DDT (31% mortality). High parity of A. sundaicus (40.42%) is an indication of the vectorial potential of this species to sustain malaria transmission in these islands.

Animals↗

Electronic nose based tea quality standardization.

In this paper we have used a metal oxide sensor (MOS) based electronic nose (EN) to analyze five tea samples with different qualities, namely, drier month, drier month again over-fired, well fermented normal fired in oven, well fermented overfired in oven, and under fermented normal fired in oven. The flavour of tea is determined mainly by its taste and smell, which is generated by hundreds of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Non-Volatile Organic Compounds present in tea. These VOCs are present in different ratios and determine the quality of the tea. For example Assamica (Sri Lanka and Assam Tea) and Assamica Sinesis (Darjeeling and Japanese Tea) are two different species of tea giving different flavour notes. Tea flavour is traditionally measured through the use of a combination of conventional analytical instrumentation and human or ganoleptic profiling panels. These methods are expensive in terms of time and labour and also inaccurate because of a lack of either sensitivity or quantitative information. In this paper an investigation has been made to determine the flavours of different tea samples using an EN and to explore the possibility of replacing existing analytical and profiling panel methods. The technique uses an array of 4 MOSs, each of, which has an electrical resistance that has partial sensitivity to the headspace of tea. The signals from the sensor array are then conditioned by suitable interface circuitry. The data were processed using Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Fuzzy C Means algorithm (FCM). We also explored the use of a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) method along with a Radial Basis Function network (RBF) and a Probabilistic Neural Network classifier. Using FCM and SOM feature extraction techniques along with RBF neural network we achieved 100% correct classification for the five different tea samples with different qualities. These results prove that our EN is capable of discriminating between the flavours of teas manufactured under different processing conditions, viz. over-fermented, over-fired, under fermented, etc.

Chemoreceptor Cells↗

Entomological and epidemiological studies on malaria in Rajmahal range, Bihar.

The epidemiological investigations carried out in six tribal villages in Rajmahal range hill in south Bihar revealed average slide positivity rate (SPR) 25.1 ranging between 9.8 and 37.8 per cent. Plasmodium falciparum was the dominant parasite which accounted 64.2 per cent of the total infections. Results of mass blood survey indicated the presence of high percentage of asymptomatic carriers of malaria parasites in the local populace. In an entomological survey, 25 species of mosquitoes under five genera were collected in 20 trap nights. The average density of mosquitoes recorded was 230.6 per trap night. Anopheles mosquitoes alone accounted 72.8 per cent of the total collection whereas malaria vectors Anopheles maculatus, An. minimus, An. philippinensis, An. varuna and An. annularis accounted 32.8 per cent of the total anophelines collected. Both anopheline and culicine mosquitoes were found susceptible to DDT (4 per cent) and malathion (5 per cent) in 30 min exposure. Dissection of malaria vectors An. minimus, An. maculatus and An. philippinensis revealed very high percentage of parity rate (77.8 per cent) which gives a strong indication about their vectorial status in the transmission of malaria. Poor socio-economic condition, lack of sense of hygiene worsen the situation in the presence of asymptomatic carriers.

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