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M Blend

Publications and source records attributed to M Blend.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Interleukin 10-induced thrombocytopenia in normal healthy adult volunteers: evidence for decreased platelet production.

Recombinant human interleukin 10 (rhuIL-10) inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines and has shown promise in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical trials have been accompanied by a reversible decline in platelet counts. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial in 12 healthy volunteers to investigate the aetiology of rhuIL-10-induced thrombocytopenia. Eight volunteers received 8 microg/kg/d of rhuIL-10 subcutaneously, while four subjects received a placebo alone for 10 d. A reversible decline in the platelet counts from a mean of 275 x 10(9)/l to 164 x 10(9)/l was observed in the IL-10-treated cohort (P = 0.012). A fall in the haemoglobin mean levels was also observed in the IL-10-treated cohort from 13.7 to 11.7 g/dl (P = 0.011). No significant change was observed in the bone marrow cellularity or myeloid/erythroid ratio or in the number of megakaryocytes per high-powered field (HPF). A fall was observed in the number of megakaryocyte colony-forming units (CFU-MKs) after the administration of IL-10 compared with those receiving the placebo (P = 0.068). No difference in the change in granulocyte-macrophage CFUs (CFU-GMs), mixed lineage CFUs (CFU-GEMMs) or erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-Es) was observed when comparing the IL-10- vs. placebo-treated groups (P > 0.465). Serum cytokine levels of thrombopoietin (TPO). IL-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were not decreased following IL-10 administration. In fact, both TPO and GM-CSF appeared to be slightly increased in the serum. All subjects underwent In111-labelled platelet survival studies with liver/spleen scans to assess splenic sequestration prior to and then on day 7 of treatment. A significant reduction in splenic sequestration of platelets (P =0.012) was observed in the IL-10-treated group, but not in the placebo-treated subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Impact of cognitive rehabilitation therapy on neuropsychological impairments as measured by brain perfusion SPECT: a longitudinal study.

Three patients, with known brain injury and neuropsychological impairments, are followed through an individualized cognitive rehabilitation programme and post discharge from the treatment programme. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) of the brain was employed to evaluate resting relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during the process of recovery from brain injury. All patients experienced significant improvements on measures of neuropsychological functioning and improvements in rCBF during this longitudinal study. The specific changes in rCBF appear to be related to the location of the patient's brain injury and strategies particular to cognitive rehabilitation therapy. Continued improvements in rCBF, functional abilities, and cognitive skills were documented in these three cases up to 45 months post brain injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Recurrence of thyroid nodules after surgical removal in patients irradiated in childhood for benign conditions.

To determine the incidence of benign thyroid nodules and the risk factors for their recurrence after surgical removal, we followed 511 patients for 1 to 40.6 years (median, 11.2) after surgery for benign thyroid nodules arising after local irradiation for unrelated benign diseases in childhood. Recurrent thyroid nodules developed in 100 patients (19.5 percent). The risk of recurrence correlated inversely with the amount of thyroid tissue removed. Women had a higher recurrence rate than men (28.4 percent vs. 10.3 percent; P less than 0.05). Among the 299 patients who had been treated with thyroid hormone at the discretion of their physicians to suppress thyroid-stimulating hormone, 25 had recurrences (8.4 percent), as compared with 72 of 201 patients who did not receive thyroid hormone (35.8 percent) (hazard ratio taking into account the extent of surgery and the patient's sex, 2.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 4.1). Histologic analysis of the 73 tissue samples from patients with recurrences showed that 14 samples (19.2 percent) were malignant. Thyroid hormone treatment had no effect on the rate of thyroid cancer. We conclude that radiation-associated benign thyroid nodules have a high recurrence rate, similar to that reported among nonirradiated patients with benign thyroid nodules. We also conclude that treatment with thyroid hormone decreases the risk of benign recurrences, particularly in women, but not the risk of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

In vivo distribution of human milk leucocytes after ingestion by newborn baboons.

The in vivo distribution of enterally administered human milk leucocytes labelled with indium hydroxyquinoline (111In) was studied in premature baboons. The animals were killed at 72 hours of age and tissue samples examined for radioactivity. Maximum activity was found in the luminal contents, and activity in the liver and spleen was higher than in bone marrow, the site where free isotope is normally deposited. These findings suggest that some intact milk leucocytes may cross from the gastrointestinal tract into the neonatal circulation. Also the high activity in gastrointestinal tissue that had been washed several times indicates that leucocytes adhere to mucosa or lie intramurally. We speculate that the presence of leucocytes in the gastrointestinal tract 60 hours after a single breast feed can provide an important defence mechanism against infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of electrocardiography and thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy for the detection of ergonovine-induced coronary artery spasm: angiographic correlation.

This study was performed to determine the sensitivity of thallium imaging vs ECG monitoring for detecting coronary artery spasm noninvasively following intravenous ergonovine administration as compared to simultaneous coronary angiography. Thirty-two patients with insignificant coronary artery disease and chest pain underwent 12-lead ECG monitoring, thallium imaging, and coronary arteriography following the administration of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg of ergonovine given 5 minutes apart or until chest pain occurred. One minute following the last dose of ergonovine, 2.5 mCi of thallium-201 was injected intravenously, and a final ECG was recorded and repeat coronary arteriography performed. Within 10 minutes following the injection of thallium, imaging was performed in the 40-degree and 70-degree left anterior oblique and anterior projections. The ECG, thallium study, and coronary arteriogram were read blindly and results were compared. The ECG, angiogram, and thallium study were read as positive if the following occurred, respectively: greater than or equal to 1 mm ST segment elevation, depression, or T wave reversal; greater than 50% vessel narrowing,; and reversible perfusion defect. Five patients were excluded from analysis because of either catheter-induced spasm, suboptimal thallium studies, or protocol violations. Of the 27 patients included for analysis, six had chest pain, five had a positive angiogram, five had a positive thallium study, and one had a positive ECG. The sensitivity of thallium vs ECG monitoring was 80% vs 25%, and the accuracy was 92% vs 80%. We conclude that thallium imaging greatly increases the noninvasive detection of ergonovine-induced coronary spasm as compared with the ECG with no loss of accuracy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Localization of human sarcoma with radiolabeled monoclonal antibody. A preliminary study.

The early localization of recurrent or metastatic sarcoma remains a challenging clinical problem. 125I-labeled monoclonal antibody (Mab) 19-24, produced in our laboratories against a human malignant fibrous histiocytoma, has been evaluated for detection of locally recurrent or metastatic disease in selected sarcoma patients. In vitro testing indicated various degrees of positive Mab reactivity with most sarcoma types, and low but significant reactivity with some nonsarcoma tumors and several normal tissues, including liver. The iodine-labeled Mab had an immunoreactivity of 90% and a high binding constant (8.1 X 10(9) M-1). Biodistribution studies of radioisotope in sarcoma patients showed rapid clearance of radiolabeled from the blood and uptake in tumor deposits, liver, and spleen. A differential in radioactivity kinetics between liver and tumor was also found. Serial patient scanning determined optimal imaging time to be between 24 and 48 h after i.v. infusion of the radiolabeled Mab. Analysis of tissues obtained during surgery (including a dual antibody-label study using a nonspecific Mab) showed selective localization of the Mab into the sarcoma deposits. Radiolabeled Mab shows potential as a clinically useful tool for localization of sarcoma deposits.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modern methodologies of differentiating thyroid masses.

The rational treatment of thyroid diseases requires an understanding of the thyroid function and an accurate evaluation of its functional (endocrine), as well as it morphological alteration. There are several different imaging techniques which are available and are in use in the evaluation of thyroid diseases. In this article we present a protocol for the use of diagnostic imaging to evaluate a focal thyroid mass, a diffusely enlarged gland, regional, and distant metastatic disease. The current diagnostic applications of radionuclide scanning, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be discussed.

Diagnostic Imaging↗