PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Bochnia

Publications and source records attributed to M Bochnia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Experimental studies of vibratory trauma of Corti's organ. II. Scanning electron microscopy.

In the first part of this study, the authors presented the results of cochlear microphonics measurements in guinea pigs subjected to long-term whole-body vibration. In animals undergoing vibration over 30, 90, and 180 days, a statistically significant lowering of voltage over the range up to 2 kHz was seen. In accordance with cochlear-frequency position, this pointed to possible formation of sensory epithelium damages in the fourth and third turning. In the present study an attempt was made to verify electrophysiological measurements with a scanning electron microscope. In all, 80 cochleae were examined, 20 in each group of animals: one control and three experimental groups. The healthy animals showed a correct picture of the sensory epithelium in each case, whereas its damage was ascertained in all the study groups. The damage advanced with a longer duration of the experiment and was most often seen in the outer hair cell region of the apex, where it gradually spread towards the base of the cochlea. The damage of cells decreased from the circumference to the modiolus, and the inner hair cells showed considerably greater resistance to vibration. The results of the study demonstrate the harmful effect of mechanical vibration on the inner ear. According to the observed pattern of damage, one can expect an increasing hearing impairment in the low and medium frequency range in persons exposed to whole-body vibration.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[The role of vibration in pathology of hearing].

Vibration is now considered as one of the most common environmental traumatic factors. The energy absorbed may exert a pathological effect on all bodily tissues and organs, although the consequences of exposure to vibration do not present a uniform clinical picture. Because all machines and vibrating tools also produce noise, the combined effect of both factors is usually examined. In the professional literature, an opinion predominates that vibration exerts only a week, additional traumatic influence on the hearing organ. This opinion is contrary to reports on vibration-related hearing impairments observed in workers of various branches of industry. In the past, the studies of harmful effects of vibration with the participation of volunteers were seldom and short-term. Experiments on laboratory animals were carried out on species with different sensibility of the hearing organ, and exposure to vibration was most frequently accompanied by noise. Nevertheless, they usually confirmed the presence of vibration-related changes in the inner ear, mostly in the hair cells. Moreover, there have been several reports on post-vibratory pathological changes not only in the inner, but also in other parts of the ear. All these findings indicate that the role of vibration in the pathology of the hearing organ is still underestimated and not fully elucidated.

Hearing Disorders↗
PubMed2000

Experimental studies of vibratory trauma of Corti's organ. I: Electrophysiological measurements.

In the present-day environment, vibration concomitant with noise is most frequently observed, but even though it is regarded as only a weak, additional traumatic factor affecting the organ of hearing. This opinion is contrary to a number of reports on the damage of the hearing organ caused by vibration in workers of various branches of industry. As experiments on humans are rather difficult, the harmful effect of vibration is usually examined on laboratory animals. In the majority of studies dealing with this problem the presence of noise (purposely or casually) was found in most cases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of isolated long-term whole-body vibration and vertical sinusoidal shaking (10 Hz frequency, 5 mm amplitude, and 2 g acceleration) on Corti's organ. The study was carried out on young guinea pigs of both sexes. Eighty four animals (30 control and 54 experimental) with Preyer's reflex and without otoscopically detectable changes were used. A group of 18 animals was subjected to vibration in noiseless shaking apparatus for 30, 90 and 180 days. After a one-month rest, cochlear microphonics were performed under urethane anaesthesia. Our modification of the phase-sensitive detection method was used. Cochlear microphonics at frequencies of 260 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 kHz and 2 kHz was recorded from the apex of the cochlea and for 4 kHz and 8 kHz from the region of the round window. As the cochlear microphonics values showed significant individual differences, all experimental samples were examined by means of non-parametric tests. The outcome of the study demonstrated a gradual but considerable cochlear microphonics voltage decrease in the range to 2 kHz. This result pointed to the generation of vibration-induced damage in outer hair cells of the fourth and third turnings of the cochlea in the guinea pigs under study.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Poststeroid balance disorder--a case report in a body builder.

The authors describe a case of poststeroid balance disorder in a 20-year-old athlete. Previous information of such a doping pathology among sportsmen taking anabolics was not found. That anabolic steroids had a harm to central activities and could be suspected especially on the basis of reported psychiatric sequels and cerebrovascular disorders. The case described is of a patient who had been given metandienone, oxymetholone, and nandrolone phenyloproprionate in two courses. Vertigo appeared twice just after introducing doping and persisted in spite of a 1.5 year break in taking anabolics. In the electronystagmography a positional nystagmus was detected, the eye-tracking test was distempered, and abnormal responses in the caloric tests were obtained. In the computed dynamic posturography the number and length of body sway were increased and, consequently, the field of the outspread area was enlarged. The moment of appearance and long-lasting vertigo as well as the results of laboratory examinations indicate a poststeroid permanent disorder of the central part of the equilibrium organ. Such a diagnosis seems to be most probable here.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Content of trace elements in serum of patients with carcinoma of the larynx.

An examination of the content of arsenic, nickel, copper, selenium, zinc, and iron in the serum of 78 patients with carcinoma of the larynx was carried out. The patients were divided into 4 groups: I - patients before treatment, II - patients after surgical treatment, III - patients after radiotherapy, IV - patients after combined treatment (surgery treatment + radiotherapy). The control group was formed of 17 patients operated for deviation of the nasal septum. Higher concentrations of arsenic, nickel and copper were found in the serum of the patients with carcinoma of the larynx before treatment (group I) as compared with the control group, whereas the concentrations of selenium, zinc and iron were lower. In the groups of patients after treatment, the highest concentrations of iron and zinc were found after surgical treatment. The level of selenium in all groups of patients was considerably lower than in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Pediatric neoplasms: laryngological manifestations].

Ten children with neoplasms of the head and neck were treated in the Clinic of Otolaryngology of Medical University in Wrocław. In 4 children non-Hodgkin lymphoma-type B (NHL-B) primarily situated in tonsils or adenoids were diagnosed, 3 patients suffered from embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)--2 in the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses and 1 in the middle ear. One boy presented histiocytosis (LCH) in the orbit. In 1 case Hodgkin disease (HD) in the preauricular lympho nodes was found and in 1 child neuroblastoma of retromandibular region was detected. Our analysis revealed unsufficient oncological awareness of the physician who had examined the children as the first one. The neoplasms were detected in advanced stage. The onset of the treatment was additionally delayed because of the long period of expecting for the histological diagnosis.

Child↗
PubMed1998

[Histological and histochemical investigation of pathological laryngeal mucosa with papillomatosis in children and adults].

Papillomas of the larynx are the subject of numerous studies. They occur in two forms (multiple and singular). The authors presented the results of histological and histochemical investigations of larynx papillomas in 9 adults and 16 children. The studies comprised patients treated in the Clinic of Otolaryngology in Wrocław. Surgically removed lesions constituted the material for estimation. Peculiar attention was paid to the degree of differentiation of tumours under the microscope. The interdependence between intensification of reaction and degree of epithelhyperplasia and strict connection of intensification of reaction with quantity of dysplastic changes of epithelium were indicated by estimation of enzymatic reactions. Histological studies disclosed marked morphological differences between papillomas in children and adults. The correlation of reactions to lactic dehydrogenase and NADH2-tetrazole reductase can be treated as an expression of hyperplastic changes in the epithelium. What is more, the reaction to lactic dehydrogenase may be regarded as a metabolic index of malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Atypical case of bronchial carcinoid].

This article illustrates problems in diagnosis and treatment of an atypical form of bronchial carcinoid. We described the case of a 49-year old man, exposed to granite dust and noise for 25 years who had suffered from frequent bronchitis inflammations and pneumonias for 5 years prior to the diagnosis. He was admitted to our clinic because of supposed occupational nature of hearing deficiency. Although a pneumoconiosis was excluded before the admission, we found clinical and X-ray features of the right lung emphysema with medium restrictive ventilation disturbances. Bronchoscopy was performed because of "bright" right lung and ventilation disturbances and it showed presence of the carcinoid. Unusual in this case were tiny anamnestical findings (mild dyspnea attacks after physical effort or nervousness) plus increasing frequency of reported from the childhood bronchitis and pneumonias and uncharacteristic "bright" right lung in X-ray. Therapeutical difficulties resulted from atypical histological form of the tumor, its diameter, polypous-infiltrative character, and inconvenient localization. In spite of late diagnosis of carcinoid and significant acceleration of respiratory decompensation symptoms after the diagnosis the attempt of surgical therapy was appropriate but unsuccessful. After the operation the patient was suffering long lasting lowering of arterial pressure (what was corrected with catecholamine infusions) probably as a result of serotonin secretion. However it was not established because of technical reasons.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Pneumocephalus following facial injury].

Pneumocephalus or intracranial air its commonly detected following serious head injury and posterior fossa surgery. In laryngology the frequent reason of its appearance is also herniation of air through a break in the wall of skull due to advanced benign and malignant tumors. The pathophysiology involves the presence of craniodural fistula allowing ingress of air. A ballvalve mechanism may allow air to enter not exit the cranium or like in turned upside down bottle leak permit air entrance as fluid leaves the intracranial space. The presence of air is usually asymptomatic but caries a potential risk of increased intracranial pressure or meningitis which require an immediate therapy. Although various ways of treatment were reported prevention and early diagnosis are the most important. We report 3 cases of cerebral air that occurred secondary to the head trauma. The diagnosis every time promptly confirmed by skull roentgenogram or CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Assistive devices for tonsillectomy under general anesthesia].

Tonsillectomy may cause many complications. Frequent and one of the most important of them is massive bleeding. Haemorrhage in the region of the inferior pole of tonsilla is peculiarly difficult to subdue. The authors describe two devices of own design for tonsillectomy under general anesthesia. "The junction" as well as "the support" make surgeon work easier. Intervention is also the less time consuming and may be done without aid of an assistant. "The support" seems to be especially recommendable for smaller laryngological departments not equipped with Kleinsasser set of instruments.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1993

[Experimental studies of mechanism and efficiency of sclerosing agents: varicocid and paraffin].

Based on the analyse of publications the authors treated of history and contemporary applications of sclerotherapy. The role, methodics and results of sclerosing therapy among patients with oesophageal varices were also presented. The aim of the study was to examine the mechanism and efficiency of two sclerosing agents which are frequently used in Poland. Examinations were performed on 30 Wistar rats. Their caudal veins were injected with 0.1 ml of Varicocid or paraffin. In the control group the 0.9% solution of NaCl was applicated. Clinical and histologic appraisal were done at 3 weeks postinjection (first or second) of sclerosants. On the base of obtained results the necro-inflammatory properties and considerable higher efficiency of Varicocid were confirmed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Investigations of the ototoxicity of dicortinef (ear drops)].

The authors investigated the ototoxic influence of Dicortinef in laboratory animals. Their examinations were performed on 15 guinea pigs (weighing 210-380 g.) after application of this medicine to the fenestra rotunda. The harmful effect of Dicortinef was expressed by the characteristic fall in the microphonic potential (PM) and potential of the acoustic nerve (AP).

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The role of sclerotherapy in the treatment of esophageal varices in children].

The authors presented the actual views and their own results of using sclerotherapy in children with oesophageal varices. Oesophageal varices exist almost every time as a most dangerous complication in patients with portal hypertension. Acute haemorrhage caries a high mortality and the extremely important priority is control of bleeding as soon as possible. Traditional conservative methods of treatment often do not improve long-term survival and portal systematic shunt is rarely possible in patients under the age of 10. Because of it sclerotherapy may be proposed as a treatment of choice for children with oesophageal varices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Tracheo-arterial fistula as a complication of tracheotomy].

The authors presented 2 cases of massive bleeding from brachiocephalic artery as a late complication after tracheotomy. In both deadly cases the artery wall was secondary damaged by the tracheal tube. The pathomechanism of this complication origin and significance of its acquaintance was discussed.

Brachiocephalic Trunk↗
PubMed1990

[Histological and electron microscopic examinations of laryngeal papilloma in children and adults].

The authors present the results of histologic and electron microscopic investigations of larynx papillomas in 11 children and 8 adults. Comparative estimation showed the characteristic changes for clinical and morphological division of papilloma into adult-type and juvenile one. Detailed morphological analysis in adult-type papilloma either with dysplastic changes or with hyperkeratosis was performed.

Adolescent↗