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Biomedical subjects

M Buchsbaum

Publications and source records attributed to M Buchsbaum.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of amitriptyline, desipramine and zimeldine, alone and in combination with ethanol, on information processing and memory in healthy volunteers.

Interactions of three antidepressants--amitriptyline, desipramine and zimeldine--with a single 0.8 g/kg body weight dose of alcohol were studied in healthy male volunteers. The dependent variables were performance measurements in the Continuous Performance Task and a cognitive memory task. Alcohol and desipramine showed different and specific deleterious effects on cognitive and memory functions, whereas amitriptyline produced a more generalized impairment. Zimeldine slightly improved performance in the Continuous Performance Task and antagonized effects of alcohol in both tasks.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Biogenic amine-related enzymes and personality variations in normals.

Altered activities of biogenic amine-related enzymes have been reported in some studies of patients with affective disorders and chronic schizophrenia. To evaluate whether any relationship between personality variations, including non-diagnosed psychopathology, and these enzymes might occur in non-psychiatric patients, 95 young adult volunteers were studied. Higher MMPI and Zuckerman sensation--seeking scale scores were found in male, but not female, volunteers with lower platelet and plasma amine oxidase activities. Males generally exhibited negative correlations, while females had positive correlations between the psychological test scores and amine oxidase activities. In contrast to the amine oxidase results, no associations were observed between plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase activities and the personality variables.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Alcoholics and high-low sensory input: a pilot study.

It is hypothesized that alcoholics possess a perceptual-neurophysiological sensitivity which renders them vulnerable to the effects of information or stimulus overload: the resort to alcohol, therefore, may represent an adaptive attempt to restore physiologic homeostasis through the pharmacologic "dampening" properties of this drug. Twelve alcoholic subjects were assigned to three different levels of audio-visual sensory stimulation (no, medium, high) and three different doses of alcohol (placebo, low, high) according to a balanced incomplete block design. The results indicated trend level and significant interactions between alcohol and sensory level effects on craving intensity and systolic blood pressure, respectively, as well as a number of other intriguing findings. Should the findings of this pilot study be replicated, they will have important implications for the understanding of alcoholism.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1975

Lithium carbonate response in depression. Prediction by unipolar/bipolar illness, average-evoked response, catechol-O-methyl transferase, and family history.

The antidepressant efficacy of lithium carbonate was assessed in a double-blind trial in 23 hospitalized depressed patients. Unequivocal response was significantly more frequent in bipolar than in unipolar depressed patients. Lithium carbonate responders had a greater visual average-evoked response amplitude increase in response to increased stimulus intensity, termed "augmenting". No correlation could be demonstrated between lithium carbonate efficacy and either erythrocyte catechol-O-methyl transferase activity, age of symptom onset, number of hospitalizations, or family history of affective disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Average evoked responses and psychophysical performance in patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Perceptual function in eight patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) was studied with two neurophysiological measures, the average evoked response (AER) and nerve conduction velocity. A battery of psychophysical tasks including reaction time, size estimation, `hidden pictures,' and the rod and frame procedure was also used. Patients with PHP had significantly longer latency visual AER and slower reaction time than a group of normal volunteers, and they performed erratically and poorly on the other psychophysical tasks. Differentiating these patients with diffuse mental deficiency were two relatively specific perceptual response patterns: (1) AER amplitude decreased with increasing stimulus intensity, and (2) reaction time was abnormally influenced by the duration of the preparatory interval. Both of these patterns have previously been found in other patient groups.

Adolescent↗