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Biomedical subjects

M Bureau

Publications and source records attributed to M Bureau.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Treatment of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Use of intermittent positive-pressure breathing and racemic epinephrine.

Use of racemic epinephrine hydrochloride (Vaponefrin), delivered by intermittent positive-pressure breathing, in the treatment of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) produced acute beneficial results in a controlled study. However, symptoms often recurred within two hours, suggesting that this form of treatment should not be used in the emergency room and the patient then sent home. This treatment had no effect on arterial oxygen gas pressure. The changes in clinical status 24 to 36 hours after admission into the study were similar for the patients in the treatment and control groups, suggesting that the natural history of the disease was not drastically altered by this form of treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Blood and CSF acid-base changes, and rate of ventilatory acclimatization of awake dogs to 3,550 m.

Awake, intact dogs trained to wear a respiratory mask were studied in a hypobaric chamber at 140 m and at various stages of a 4-week exposure to 3,550 m. Resting ventilation, pulmonary gas exchanges, arterial blood gases and pH, acid-base status of the cisternal fluid (CSF) and ventilatory responses to transient O2 inhalation were measured. Attention is focussed on the time course of ventilatory acclimatization to altitude, characterized by hyperventilation with hypocapnia and a consequent increase of arterial Po2. (1) 75 percent of the increment in pulmonary ventilation due to hypoxia was achieved in 30 minutes; (2) the further increase, 25 percent of the total hyperventilation, was complete after 3 hr, with a corresponding Pco2 drop and pH increase in blood and CSF, and an increase in Pao2; (3) the secondary increase in ventilation, beyond the acute exposure period, was not related to return of [H+] in CSF towards control value; (4) the large transient decrease of ventilation following brief oxygen inhalation demonstrated a strong arterial chemoreflex drive in acclimatized animals. The extremely rapid ventilatory acclimatization to moderately high altitude in normal dogs appears to be mediated not by CSF hydrogen ion concentration but by a strong chemoreflex drive of ventilation.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1967

[Summer school of the Canadian Association of Medical Students and Interns--Haiti].

Six Canadian medical students record their experience at a summer school of tropical medicine in Haiti, sponsored by the Canadian Association of Medical Students and Internes. The social, economic and medical background is described, including "Voodoo" practices, language and Haitian art. Attention is directed to the occurrence of umbilical tetanus, diarrhea and malnutrition. From even a brief stay in a country such as Haiti one comes to appreciate that a public health program in an underdeveloped nation is not strictly a medical undertaking but must be seen in its social and economic contexts.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Affective symptoms during attacks of epilepsy in children (author's transl)].

The authors present the results of an electroclinical study in 20 children (16 girls and 4 boys) having epileptic attacks with affective symptoms of a terrifying type. These were often interpreted (6/20) initially as nocturnal terrors or acute anxiety attacks. In 8 cases (40%) there was a previous family history of epilepsy. The age of onset was between 2 and 10 years. The attacks occurred several times during the 24 hours, both day and night, but were controlled rapidly and permanently (4 children over 15 years of age have had no further attacks 4 years after discontinuing treatment), and neurological and intellectual development was normal. This benign progression is correlated with a homogeneous critical and intercritical electroclinical picture enabling an early favorable prognosis to be made. The classification of this type of epilepsy, and its analogy with epilepsy with rolandic spikes is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partial epilepsies in infancy: a study of 40 cases.

Forty patients with partial epilepsy that began before they were aged 3 years were recorded at the Centre Saint-Paul between 1981 and 1986 with a follow-up ranging from 1 year 9 months to 20 years. We analyzed the following data: age at onset, clinical features of seizures at onset and during the follow-up period, ictal and interictal EEG features, etiologic circumstances, evolution of the epilepsy, and psychomotor development. The age of onset was mostly between 2 months and 2 years (more than two thirds of cases). Most had partial symptomatic epilepsy. In nine cases, epilepsy was preceded by febrile convulsions. Seizures at onset were of the following type (in order of decreasing occurrence): unilateral seizures, complex partial seizures, elementary partial seizures, and other seizures, often difficult to classify. A few patients with infantile spasms associated with focal or multifocal EEG abnormalities, differing from West's syndrome, were included in this study. We discuss the problem arising from the classification of infantile seizures and epilepsies.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Benign partial epilepsy with centrotemporal (or rolandic) spikes and brain lesion.

We describe three patients with benign partial epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECT) in association with proven brain lesion (agenesis of the corpus callosum, lipoma of the corpus callosum, and congenital toxoplasmosis, respectively). The age of onset, the ictal signs, the interictal electroencephalographic findings and the favorable outcome of epilepsy even after withdrawal of drug therapy led to the diagnosis of BECT although organic brain lesions were present. In such cases, the epilepsy should not be ascribed to the lesions but should be considered benign even though fortuitiously associated with brain lesions.

Action Potentials↗