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Biomedical subjects

M Buzby

Publications and source records attributed to M Buzby.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Overflow encopresis and stool toileting refusal during toilet training: a prospective study on the effect of therapeutic efficacy.

We determined the incidence of stool toileting refusal in 53 children with overflow encopresis; 24 (45%) experienced difficulty toilet training for bowel movements. One-year follow-up data were obtained for 43 children, 31 with secondary encopresis and 12 with primary encopresis. Among the children with secondary encopresis, no difference was observed in response to treatment between children with and without difficulty toilet training. Ninety-one percent (11 of 12) of the children who had been soiling for less than 1 year at the time of presentation were free of soiling and no longer required therapeutic medication, compared with 55% (10 of 18) of the children who had been soiling for a longer period. Only 1 of 12 children with primary encopresis was free of soiling and no longer receiving therapeutic medication at 1 year, compared with 21 of 37 with secondary encopresis (p = 0.003). We concluded that children with primary encopresis who demonstrated stool toileting refusal during toilet training were resistant to medical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Orthotopic liver transplantation for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the liver hilum.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare gastrointestinal neoplasm. The authors report the case of a 5-year-old girl who initially presented with gastric outlet obstruction secondary to an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor along the lesser gastric curvature. A subtotal gastrectomy and wedge resection of a left hepatic lobe nodule were performed. Obstructive jaundice developed one month postoperatively. Computerized tomography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, and selective celiac and mesenteric arteriography showed a mass that involved the left hepatic lobe, with concomitant high-grade biliary obstruction and portal venous encasement. Percutaneous biliary drainage was performed. During laparotomy, the tumor was found to be unresectable, and the patient was referred to the Liver Transplant Service at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. A total hepatectomy with temporary portocaval shunt was performed, leaving the inferior vena cava in situ. At the back table, an ex vivo left trisegmentectomy was performed, followed by reimplantation of the posterior segment of the right hepatic lobe. The reimplanted liver segment functioned poorly, and completion hepatectomy with portocaval shunt was performed 24 hours postoperatively, because of severe coagulopathy, intraabdominal bleeding, and hemodynamic instability. The patient's condition stabilized, and she was listed for urgent liver transplantation. The anhepatic state was managed with intermittent plasmapheresis. She had transplantation 72 hours later, and was discharged from the hospital 3 weeks postoperatively after an uneventful recovery. She remains disease-free and has normal liver function 8 months after transplantation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Viral hepatitis: a sexually transmitted disease?

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are often discussed in the context of herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and AIDS. Viral hepatitis, specifically hepatitis B, is also an STD often omitted from these discussions. The incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is variable throughout the world. In North America, the highest incidence occurs in patients who are between the ages of 15 and 25 years. Safe and effective vaccines are available to prevent HBV infection, which has an associated increased risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma in the carrier state. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a newly identified hepatotrophic virus that may also be sexually transmitted. There are no vaccines for the prevention of HCV infection and the majority of those who are infected become chronic carriers with chronic liver disease. Discussions focused on the prevention of STDs must include counseling for the prevention of HBV and HCV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Infectious gastroenteritis in infants and children.

Infectious gastroenteritis is a frequent recurring illness in young children. It is caused by a viral agent in 70 to 80% of cases. Bacteria, parasites, and toxins account for the remaining 20 to 30%. A careful history and complete physical examination are the first steps to diagnosing acute gastroenteritis and establishing a treatment plan. The majority of infants and children with infectious gastroenteritis are successfully managed at home. The care of these children focuses on accurately assessing hydration status, maintaining adequate hydration and caloric intake to promote recovery, educating the family about the infection and the treatment plan, and preventing the spread of the infection.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

An introduction to research: a primer for the nurse anesthetist.

The goals of this article are to provide an overview of the research process and highlight some of the most important aspects. In the process, the definition of research and some general terminology will be reviewed. Discussions of how to define a problem, reviewing the literature, types of study designs, sampling, types of measurement, reliability and validity, limitations and assumptions, data analysis, ethical concerns with human subjects, and time management are included, as are examples of published research.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1990

A beginner's guide to research.

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the research process and highlight some of the most important aspects. The definition of research and some general terminology are reviewed. Included in this article are discussions of the following: defining a problem, reviewing the literature, types of study designs, sampling, types of measurement, reliability and validity, limitations and assumptions, data analysis, ethical concerns with human subjects, and time management. Examples of published research are used to illustrate the points where necessary. A supplemental bibliography is provided to direct the interested reader to more in-depth discussions of the various aspects of the research process.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of hyperbilirubinemia in full-term infants: Part II.

The nurse practitioner plays an important role in assessing infants for factors that may contribute to unconjugated bilirubinemia. Healthy, full-term infants with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and no evidence of hemolysis require monitoring of their total serum bilirubin levels and stooling patterns, and they need encouragement to feed more frequently to resolve the hyperbilirubinemia. Promoting frequent breast-feeding is essential, especially for infants with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. For those infants with evidence of hemolysis or exaggerated physiologic jaundice, more advanced medical intervention such as phototherapy and exchange transfusion are available when indicated.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of hyperbilirubinemia in full-term infants: Part I.

Nurse practitioners are in a key position to assess one of the most common problems in the full-term infant, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Armed with a clear understanding of the pathophysiologic pathways that may cause and/or contribute to the development of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and the associated jaundice, the practitioner will be successful in helping the family understand their child's illness. A careful history and physical examination will guide the practitioner to the appropriate diagnostic studies, which will confirm that the infant has unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and is at low risk for complications.

Diagnosis, Differential↗