PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M C Bach

Publications and source records attributed to M C Bach.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Pathologic features of cytomegalovirus retinopathy after treatment with the antiviral agent ganciclovir.

Ganciclovir is a new antiviral compound (also called BW B759U, DHPG, BIOLF-62, and 2'NDG) that has been used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinopathy in immunocompromised patients (bone marrow recipients or acquired immune deficiency syndrome [AIDS] victims). The authors studied the eyes of three AIDS patients with CMV retinopathy who died while receiving ganciclovir chemotherapy. Gross, microscopic, and ultrastructural studies of these cases showed varying degrees of retinal scarring and active CMV lesions at the margins of the scars. CMV antigens were localized in cells at all layers of retina at the border of the lesions and in isolated cells in a perivascular location within histologically normal appearing retina. These areas probably represent sites of recrudescence when the drug is discontinued. In situ hybridization using a cloned complementary DNA (cDNA) probe of human CMV corroborated the immunocytologic localization of the virus. Ultrastructural studies showed megalic syncytial cells containing mostly capsids exclusively in the cell nucleus. The cytoplasmic electron-dense membrane-bound bodies that have characterized untreated cases of CMV retinopathy were absent in the treated cases. An attempt to isolate CMV in tissue culture from the vitreous and retina of one of the cases yielded a negative result. Our results indicate that ganciclovir does not effectively eliminate CMV from the retina nor does it suppress expression of all viral genes. Ganciclovir appears to function by limiting viral DNA synthesis and subsequent packaging of viral DNA into infectious units, thereby acting as a virostatic chemotherapeutic agent.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Ceftazidime as single-agent therapy for gram-negative aerobic bacillary osteomyelitis.

The cases of 28 patients who received ceftazidime as single-agent therapy in prospective clinical trials for biopsy culture-proven osteomyelitis were reviewed. These cases all involved infection caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli, the most frequent agent (83% of patients) being Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Posttreatment follow-up for patients with acute osteomyelitis was continued for at least 6 months, while follow-up for at least 12 months was done for patients with chronic osteomyelitis. A regimen of 2 g of ceftazidime intravenously every 12 h was used for most patients. The overall cure rates were 77% (acute disease) and 60% (chronic disease). Development of resistance to ceftazidime was not problematic, and the drug was well tolerated. Ceftazidime is effective for serious gram-negative bacillary osteomyelitis, including that due to P. aeruginosa. The twice-daily regimen did not cause major organ toxicity, eliminating the need for concentration monitoring and making it feasible to use the drug for home parenteral therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

CMV retinitis treated with ganciclovir [9(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine] in patients with AIDS.

Three patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and disseminated cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection were treated with a new antiviral agent ganciclovir [9(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine] (DHPG). All initially showed dramatic clinical improvement. In two patients, serial ophthalmoscopic evaluations documented cessation of active retinitis although at autopsy one patient had evidence of active retinitis adjacent to scar. Reappearance of cotton-wool spots in the fundi of the third patient suggested an early relapse of his CMV infection which was halted by retreatment with ganciclovir. Two of the three patients developed breakthrough infection while receiving once-daily maintenance therapy after periods of three to five months. One patient continued to show a response to retreatment with full doses twelve months later but died after 17 months of progressive CMV disease. The dose of the drug needed to maintain remission requires further study.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Utility of gallium imaging in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Whole body Ga-67 scans revealed increased uptake in lymph nodes accessible for biopsy in three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infected by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI). In diagnostically difficult cases where the usual methods for diagnosing MAI are not helpful, Ga-67 studies may be of value.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Acute toxoplasmic encephalitis in a normal adult.

Acute encephalitis associated with an impressive skin rash developed in an otherwise healthy man. Brain biopsy findings were not diagnostic, but serologic data confirmed the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis. The patient improved after antimicrobial therapy with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, but he was left with neurologic deficits.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Dermatologic signs in toxic shock syndrome--clues to diagnosis.

A diffuse scarlatiniform erythroderma, bulbar conjunctival hyperemia, and striking palmar edema were impressive findings in two patients who developed toxic shock syndrome (TSS). In addition to the rash which is always seen, the latter two features have been observed in high frequency in this condition and when present are useful aids in the diagnosis of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Gas in the hepatic portal venous system. A diagnostic clue to an occult intra-abdominal abscess.

Gas within the hepatic venous system on abdominal roentgenogram prompted exploratory laparotomy in a patient with repeated rigors and high fever following total hip replacement. Although the patient had no localizing abdominal symptoms or signs, an intra-abdominal abscess was found and cured by surgical drainage and antibiotics. Occult, life-threatening, but treatable abdominal disease may be detected by the unusual roentgenographic finding of portal venous gas.

Abscess↗
PubMed1975

The chemotherapy of infections due to nocardia.

Recent studies in vitro have revealed marked susceptibility of Nocardia asteroides to minocycline and to the synergistic combination of ampicillin plus erythromycin. Sulfonamides remain as the proven and well-used agents for this potentially fatal infection seen commonly in the compriomised host.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1975

Localization of endovascular infection by selective catheterization with serial cultures.

Pseudomonas infection developed at the suture line of an aortic graft in a patient 13 years after the operation. The site of the infection was localized by quantitative blood cultures taken with the aid of selective arterial catheterization. This technique may be of great help in localizing the source of endovascular infection in difficult cases.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1974

Synergistic action of ampicillin and erythromycin against Nocardia asteroides: effect of time of incubation.

Ampicillin and erythromycin were shown to act synergistically in vitro against the majority of strains of Nocardia asteroides tested. With these strains, the minimal inhibiting concentration (MIC) of each drug when combined was reduced 4- to more than 512-fold as compared with the MIC of each antibiotic acting individually against the same strains. The combined action against other strains was at least additive, and occasionally indifferent, but antagonism was not observed. The duration of incubation greatly influenced the MIC of erythromycin but had less effect on the action of ampicillin. Synergistic action was still demonstrable, although less frequently, when the period of incubation was increased from 48 to 72 h.

Ampicillin↗