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Biomedical subjects

M C Bishop

Publications and source records attributed to M C Bishop.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Accessory spleen presenting as a retroperitoneal tumour.

We report the case of accessory spleen presenting as a retroperitoneal mass in close relation to the upper pole of the kidney. The considerable number of investigations and their operative sequel were motivated by the patients symptoms of haematuria and loin pain. These problems both had other simple explanations. Accessory spleen should always be considered by the urologist when investigating a retroperitoneal mass, even when the patients has already had a splenectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Urinary diversion in the elderly patient.

Diversion and cystectomy have often been considered at length in the literature but little attention has been paid to the relevance and feasibility of these procedures performed specifically in the elderly patient. We describe here the results of urinary diversion in 45 patients of over 70 years of age. Most received an ileal conduit though ureterosigmoidostomy, cutaneous ureterostomy and transureterocutaneous ureterostomy were occasionally performed. In most patients diversion was done as part of a scheme of radical treatment of bladder cancer, but in others it was undertaken for palliative purposes or benign disease. The results of this retrospective study are sufficiently encouraging for us to continue to recommend such apparently extreme measures to patients whose life expectancy may be as much as 9 years. Furthermore diversion provides good palliation in preterminal disease. Moreover in patients with limited life expectancy ureterostomy should be seriously considered as a procedure which is quickly performed and with few early postoperative complications.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of hypertonic citrate flushing solution for kidney preservation using the isolated perfused rat kidney.

The isolated perfused rat kidney has been used to study the effects of cold ischaemia during ice storage. Tissue adenine nucleotide levels in freeze-clamped kidneys were closely correlated with their function after circulation had been reestablished in the perfusion circuit. The ATP content was depleted to a greater extent than total adenine nucleotide after 8 hr of cold ischaemia but both were considerably diminished after 24 hr. The model was also used to compare four solutions which are available clinically for preliminary flushing of organs in the ice storage preservation technique. The results indicated that for periods of 8 and 24 hr of cold ischaemia, renal function and adenine nucleotide content were significantly better maintained with a solution based on hyperosmolar citrate than with Collins, Sacks, or Perfudex solutions. This study confirmed recent observations of the clinical efficacy of citrate solution, while demonstrating how the isolated perfused rat kidney could be used for rapid screening of modifications in preservation techniques.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1978

Reimplantation of the wide ureter.

A modification of the technique of Politano and Leadbetter for reimplantation of wide ureters is described. Nine patients with obstructive megaureter (10 ureters) and 6 with gross vesicoureteric reflux (9 ureters) were treated. A satisfactory result was obtained in 6 of the obstructed patients (7 ureters) and ultimately, after re-operation, in 1 of the remaining ureters. Reflux was corrected in all 6 patients. This method requires less extravesical dissection than others involving extensive remodelling of the wide ureter. There is therefore less risk of damage to the distal ureteric blood supply and the natural flap valve mechanism at the ureteric orifice may be more effectively emulated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Urine hydroxyproline excretion--a marker of bone metastases in prostatic carcinoma.

24-hour urinary hydroxyproline excretion (THP), a marker of bone collagen metabolism, has been measured in 35 patients with carcinoma of the prostate. 21 patients had bone metastases diagnosed by bone scanning (99mTc MDP). All 9 patients with metastases studied before hormonal treatment and the majority of those on treatment had elevated levels. Patients with negative bone scans invariably had normal THP levels. Furthermore, THP reflected the presence of bone metastases more accurately than plasma alkaline or acid phosphatase. Serial THP levels altered predictably with symptomatic response to treatment. These results suggest that THP is more reliable than other markers of the presence and activity of bone metastases in response to treatment and may have been neglected in favour of more elaborate and costly X-ray and isotope investigations.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

The significance of vesicoureteric reflux in non-pyelonephritic patients supported by long term hemodialysis.

Vesicoureteric reflux was found unexpectedly during routine investigations before renal transplantation in 12 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and in one with hypertensive nephrosclerosis. They had all received long term hemodialysis treatment for nine to 106 months (mean 47 months) at the time of micturating cystourethrography (MCU). Four of the patients had previously had a normal MCU indicating that reflux developed after onset of end stage renal failure. The cause of reflux is obscure. It was not related directly to defunctioning of the urinary tract as several patients had daily urine volumes in excess of 300 ml. Infection, another potential cause, was uncommon in patients with reflux. Histology of the excised ureters showed abnormality in most cases with loss of the normal mucosal folds and submucosal cellular infiltrate and fibrosis. These changes are also unexplained. In this group of patients nephroureterectomy for reflux in anticipation of renal transplantation was associated with considerable morbidity. A minimal estimate of the incidence of reflux in chronic glomerulonephritis was 11%. We suggest that in this group and in patients with renal diseases other than chronic pyelonephritis reflux alone does not constitute sufficient indication for nephroureterectomy before transplantation to warrant the risks of major surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1972

Effects of haemodialysis on bone in chronic renal failure.

Quantitative histological studies have been done on 80 sequential bone biopsies taken at yearly intervals from 37 patients with chronic renal failure on long-term haemodialysis treatment. Twenty-three patients were studied at the start of dialysis, and in about half the bone was abnormal. During dialysis mean osteoid area and the maximum number of unmineralized osteoid lamellae increased, and mineralized bone area decreased. The loss of bone during dialysis was also reflected in reduction of the width of individual trabeculae. These trends were less obvious in patients already established on dialysis at the time of the initial biopsy. The course of osteitis fibrosa appeared to be unaffected by dialysis.

Adult↗