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M C Hardy-Bayle

Publications and source records attributed to M C Hardy-Bayle.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Differing mental health practice among general practitioners, private psychiatrists and public psychiatrists.

BACKGROUND: Providing care for mental health problems concerns General Practitioners (GPs), Private Psychiatrists (PrPs) and Public Psychiatrists (PuPs). As patient distribution and patterns of practice among these professionals are not well known, a survey was planned prior to a re-organisation of mental health services in an area close to Paris METHODS: All GPs (n = 492), PrPs (n = 82) and PuPs (n = 78) in the South-Yvelines area in France were informed of the implementation of a local mental health program. Practitioners interested in taking part were invited to include prospectively all patients with mental health problem they saw over an 8-day period and to complete a 6-month retrospective questionnaire on their mental health practice. 180 GPs (36.6%), 45 PrPs (54.9%) and 63 PuPs (84.0%) responded. RESULTS: GPs and PrPs were very similar but very different from PuPs for the proportion of patients with anxious or depressive disorders (70% v. 65% v. 38%, p < .001), psychotic disorders (5% v. 7% v. 30%, p < .001), previous psychiatric hospitalization (22% v. 26 v. 61%, p < .001) and receiving disability allowance (16% v. 18% v. 52%, p < .001). GPs had fewer patients with long-standing psychiatric disorders than PrPs and PuPs (52%, 64% v. 63%, p < .001). Time-lapse between consultations was longest for GPs, intermediate for PuPs and shortest for PrPs (36 days v. 26 v. 18, p < .001). Access to care had been delayed longer for Psychiatrists (PrPs, PuPs) than for GPs (61% v. 53% v. 25%, p < .001). GPs and PuPs frequently felt a need for collaboration for their patients, PrPs rarely (42% v. 61%. v. 10%, p < .001). Satisfaction with mental health practice was low for all categories of physicians (42.6% encountered difficulties hospitalizing patients and 61.4% had patients they would prefer not to cater for). GPs more often reported unsatisfactory relationships with mental health professionals than did PrPs and PuPs (54% v. 15% v. 8%, p < .001). CONCLUSION: GP patients with mental health problems are very similar to patients of private psychiatrists; there is a lack of the collaboration felt to be necessary, because of psychiatrists' workload, and because GPs have specific needs in this respect. The "Yvelines-Sud Mental Health Network" has been created to enhance collaboration.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Context-dependent information processing in patients with schizophrenia.

Thirty schizophrenic patients fulfilling the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV criteria for schizophrenia and 30 control participants were shown a set of incomplete sentences, and were asked to complete them with the first word(s) that came to mind. Target sentences included an ambiguous word, the ambiguity of which was not resolved within the clause. However, completion necessarily required participants to select one specific meaning. Each target sentence was preceded by another sentence playing the role of context, which was designed to prime the less frequent meaning of the ambiguous word. The results showed that schizophrenic patients, especially those with thought disorder [on the basis of their TLC scores (Thought, Language and Communication Scale; Andreasen, N.C., 1979. Thought, language and communication disorders. Clinical assessment, definition of terms and evaluation of their reliability. Diagnostic significance. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 39, 778-782)], used the most common meaning of the ambiguous word more frequently than controls, thus revealing a specific deficit in context use. The deficit was observed whether or not the relation between context and target sentences was made explicit. These results are in line with the cognitive models of schizophrenia that postulate a decreased ability to use context information. However, when considered in the light of prior studies (e.g., Bazin, N., Perruchet, P., 1996. Implicit and explicit memory in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 22, 241-248), they suggest that the deficit in processing contextual information is limited to what Baddeley (Baddeley, A.D., 1982. Domains of recollection. Psychol. Rev. 98, 708-729) called the interactive context (which affects the meaning, or the interpretation, of the target event) in contrast to the independent context (which does not interfere with the meaning-based interpretation of the target event).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cognitive models of the schizophrenic thought].

Cognitive models make it possible to formulate hypotheses on the nature of the disturbances involved in schizophrenic's thought disorders and to offer methodologies to validate these hypotheses. Two main types of models have been used in an attempt to explain the clinical disorders observed in schizophrenia: 1) the psycholinguistic models, for which the schizophrenic disturbance lies in one of the multiple components of speech taken into account by modern psycholinguistic, and 2) the attentional models, for which clinical speech and thought abnormalities are due to a disorder of attention. From all these models, none of which has prevailed, there seems to emerge the idea of a disturbance in action planning that might explain the thought process disorders related to schizophrenia.

Attention↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Organization of the mental lexicon in 12 schizophrenic subjects].

Using different tasks to test the organization of the mental lexicon in schizophrenics patients we tried to confirm the non organization of their mental lexicon as underlied by different authors and to show a wrong exploitation of their semantic competences. Our findings pointed out the difficulties of the evaluated lexical competences exploitation rather than the disturbances of these competences themselves.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clonidine versus a placebo trial in manic disorder].

Clonidine efficacy was evaluated in 24 manic inpatients, hospitalised in a locked ward. This is a double blind and randomized study. The duration of the trial was 14 days, and the daily dose of clonidine was 0.225 mg/day during the first week, increased to 0.450 mg/day during the second week, in the case of incomplete improvement. There was a trend for a better efficacy of clonidine over placebo, but this did not reach significant, due to an important amelioration of many patients under placebo. The effects of the hospitalisation in a locked ward are discussed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Communication disorders in schizophrenic patients. Cognitive explanation and clinical reconsideration].

The definition of schizophrenic patients communication disorders sets many problems (partly linked to the descriptive vagueness of the Bleuler mental dissociation syndrome) and leads today to give up those signals, considered as of little specification, for symptoms of easier definition. Nevertheless, french clinicians go on using the dissociation concept to make the diagnostic of schizophrenia, faithful to Bleuler teaching according to which the communication of these patients would be very specific. The object of this article is to take up with the Bleuler logic and to propose hypothesis of cognitive abnormalities that underlie the symptomatic expression of the communication troubles of these patients and point out, from these hypothesis, how a more specific rereading of the language, thought and communication disorders is possible. Two cognitive abnormalities are suggested by the literature data to explain some schizophrenic communication disorders, abnormalities which seem at least partly independent. The first one can be described in the terms of a model of action and brings down communication to its dimension of discursive action. The authors define it as a trouble of a mechanism of action supervision, of the action monitoring, or of the planning of discourse. The symptomatic expressions of this trouble may be described when the subject is under interview conditions soliciting it Examples of such clinical situations are given. The second abnormality may be described in the terms of the "Theory of Mind" and concern the difficulties of some schizophrenic patients to attribute mental states to their interlocuters. Here again, examples of clinical conditions are given, allowing us to investigate this abnormality.

Attention↗